Kuroda Yoshitaka: Difference between revisions
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{{Character Infobox | {{Character Infobox | ||
|name= Kuroda Yoshitaka | |name= Kuroda Yoshitaka | ||
|native= | |native= | ||
|image= ACSH Kuroda Kanbei.png | |image= ACSH Kuroda Kanbei.png | ||
|birth= 22 December 1546<br>[[Himeji]], [[Harima | |birth= 22 December 1546<br>[[Himeji]], [[Harima]], [[Japan]] | ||
|death= 20 March 1604 {{c|aged 57}}<br>{{Wiki|Iizuka, Fukuoka|Iizuka}}, {{Wiki|Chikuzen Province}}, Japan | |death= 20 March 1604 {{c|aged 57}}<br>{{Wiki|Iizuka, Fukuoka|Iizuka}}, {{Wiki|Chikuzen Province}}, Japan | ||
|species= [[Human]] | |species= [[Human]] | ||
|database= | |database= | ||
|affiliates= Kuroda clan<br>Oda clan<br>Toyotomi clan<br>[[Tokugawa shogunate]] | |affiliates= {{Wiki|Kuroda clan}}<br>[[Oda clan]]<br>{{Wiki|Toyotomi clan}}<br>[[Tokugawa shogunate]] | ||
}} | }} | ||
'''Kuroda Yoshitaka''' (黒田 孝高; 1546 – 1604), also known | '''Kuroda Yoshitaka''' (黒田 孝高; 1546 – 1604),<ref name="Wiki">{{WP}}</ref> also known by his {{Wiki|仮名 (通称)|common name}}<ref name="JPWiki">{{WP|ja:黒田孝高|黒田孝高}}</ref> '''Kuroda Kanbei''' (黒田 官兵衛), was a [[Japan]]ese ''[[daimyō]]'' who lived in the late [[Sengoku period]] and a {{Wiki|ja:軍師|master strategist}}<ref name="Database">''[[Assassin's Creed: Shadows]]'' – [[Database: Kuroda Yoshitaka]]</ref> ([[wikt:軍師|軍師]], ''gunshi'')<ref name="JPWiki"/> that served each of Japan's {{Wiki|:ja:三英傑|three great unifiers}} (三英傑) in succession. | ||
Yoshitaka was born in [[Himeji]], [[Harima]] under the name Kodera Mankichi (小寺万吉) despite being of the {{Wiki|Kuroda clan}}. Because his grandfather {{Wiki|ja:黒田重隆|Shigetaka}}<ref name="Wiki"/><ref name="JPWiki"/> had dutifully served Harima's Deputy Governor (守護代, ''{{Wiki|shugodai}}'')<ref name="MikiSiege">{{WP|Siege of Miki}}</ref> {{Wiki|ja:小寺政職|Kodera Masamoto}} in {{Wiki|ja:御着城|Gochaku Castle}},<ref name="Wiki"/><ref name="JPWiki"/> Masamoto appointed Shigetaka's son {{Wiki|Kuroda Mototaka|Mototaka}} as [[Himeji Castle]]'s {{Wiki|castellan}} ({{Wiki|ja:城代|城代}}, ''jōdai''),<ref>{{WP|ja:黒田重隆|黒田重隆}}</ref> and granted him permission to use the {{Wiki|ja:小寺氏|Kodera clan}} name after marrying {{Wiki|ja:明石正風|Akashi Masakaze}}'s daughter whom Masamoto had {{Wiki|Japanese adult adoption|adopted}}. Yoshitaka was the first child of this union.<ref name="Wiki"/> In 1567, he took over as the Kuroda head when Mototaka {{Wiki|ja:隠居|retired}},<ref name="Wiki"/> married {{Wiki|ja:櫛橋伊定|Kushihashi Koresada}}'s daughter {{Wiki|Kushihashi Teru|Teru}} whom Masamoto had also adopted,<ref>{{WP|Kushihashi Teru}}</ref> and sired his son {{Wiki|Kuroda Nagamasa|Nagamasa}} the next year. | |||
By 1577 had entered the military as a [[samurai]] under [[Oda Nobunaga]]'s commander [[Toyotomi Hideyoshi]], who led the {{Wiki|ja:中国攻め|campaign}} in western {{Wiki|Chūgoku region}} to break {{Wiki|Mōri clan}} resistance to [[Oda clan]] rule.<ref name="ChugokuInvasion">''Assassin's Creed: Shadows'' – [[Database: The Invasion of the Chugoku Provinces]]</ref> In May 1578,<ref>{{WP|ja:三木合戦|三木合戦}}</ref> when Yoshitaka and the army marched west, Harima's ruling Governor (守護, ''{{Wiki|shugo}}'') {{Wiki|Akamatsu Norifusa}} surrendered the weak {{Wiki|Akamatsu clan}}'s holdings, letting Hideyoshi take the region peacefully. | |||
Offended at his lord's submission to the low-born Hideyoshi, {{Wiki|ja:別所吉親|Bessho Yoshichika}} convinced his nephew [[Bessho Nagaharu|Nagaharu]],<ref name="MikiSiege"/> one of Hideyoshi's generals,<ref>{{WP|ja:中国攻め|中国攻め}}</ref> to defect and ally the [[Bessho clan]] with the Mōri.<ref name="ChugokuInvasion"/> This dragged both<ref name="MikiSiege"/> of the Akamatsu's branch families ({{Wiki|ja:庶家|庶家}}, ''shoge'')<ref>{{WP|ja:別所氏|別所氏}}</ref> into open revolt, sparking the {{Wiki|Siege of Miki}}.<ref name="MikiSiege"/> In October,<ref name="ItamiSiege">{{WP|Siege of Itami (1579)}}</ref> in which Yoshitaka and {{Wiki|Takenaka Shigeharu}} served as {{Wiki|ja:両兵衛|joint tacticians}}, he witnessed General {{Wiki|Araki Murashige}} suddenly retreat and return to {{Wiki|Itami Castle}} in [[Izumi Settsu|Settsu]], hoping to also revolt against Nobunaga.<ref name="ItamiSiege"/> | |||
Yoshitaka rode for Itami and tried to sway Murashige against this action, but Murashige instead imprisoned him in the dungeon. Believing Yoshitaka's stay was voluntary,<ref name="ItamiSiege"/> Nobunaga accused him of espionage and ordered Nagamasa's execution,<ref>{{WP|Kuroda Nagamasa}}</ref> but Shigeharu secretly took him to {{Wiki|Gifu Prefecture}} and hid him in the town {{Wiki|Tarui, Gifu|Tarui}} beneath {{Wiki|ja:菩提山城|Bodaiyama Castle}}, falsely reporting his death by substituting another man's head.<ref>{{WP|ja:黒田長政|黒田長政}}</ref> | |||
With Yoshitaka prisoner and expecting aid from the Mōri or the ''[[Ikkō-ikki]]'' who still fought the [[Ishiyama Hongan-ji War]], Murashige prepared for a siege<ref name="ItamiSiege"/> from Nobunaga's eldest son {{Wiki|Captain general}} ({{Wiki|ja:総大将|総大将}}, ''sō-daishō'')<ref name="JPItami">{{WP|ja:有岡城の戦い|有岡城の戦い}}</ref> {{Wiki|Oda Nobutada|Nobutada}} and younger brother {{Wiki|Oda Nagamasu|Nagamasu}}. In August 1579, seeing neither ally could help, Murashige slipped past Nobutada's lines and fled to [[Amagasaki Castle]], leaving Yoshitaka behind. With his leader abandoning them, Murashige's lieutenant Nakanishi Shinipachirō<ref name="ItamiSiege"/> (中西新八郎)<ref name="JPItami"/> joined Nobutada on 15 October, letting {{Wiki|Takigawa Kazumasu}}'s troops attack the nearby Jōrōzuka Fort<ref name="ItamiSiege"/> (上臈塚砦)<ref name="JPItami"/> before {{Wiki|Coup de main|swiftly}} taking the town {{Wiki|Itami}} and razing it.<ref name="ItamiSiege"/> Yoshitaka's retainer {{Wiki|ja:栗山利安|Kuriyama Toshiyasu}} rescued him the next day,<ref name="JPItami"/> but his long imprisonment in a confined space<ref name="JPWiki"/> crippled his right leg for life.<ref name="Rengakai">''Assassin's Creed: Shadows'' – [[The Rengakai]]</ref> | |||
Following Nobunaga's [[assassination]] during [[Akechi Mitsuhide]]'s June 1582 [[Honnō-ji incident|attack]] on [[Honnō-ji]], Yoshitaka joined Hideyoshi.<ref name="Wiki"/> Shortly after, he met the [[Japanese Brotherhood of Assassins|Japanese Assassin]] [[Fujibayashi Naoe]] and the ''[[rōnin]]'' [[Yasuke]] during a ''{{Wiki|renga}}kai'' (連歌会) hosted in Himeji Castle.<ref name="Rengakai"/> By July, he helped Hideyoshi in the [[Battle of Yamazaki]] to avenge their lord.<ref name="Wiki"/> | |||
Over the next decade, despite his injury, Yoshitaka helped Hideyoshi secure victory at the {{Wiki|Battle of Shizugatake}} in {{Wiki|Honshu}}, his {{Wiki|Kyūshū campaign|campaign}} in [[Kyushu]], and the [[Imjin War]]'s initial stages<ref name="Database"/> in ultimately failed attempts to fight [[Joseon]] and [[Ming dynasty|Ming]] forces to invade the [[Korea]]n [[Monarchy|kingdom]].<ref>{{WP|Imjin War}}</ref> It was during this time, in 1585, that the {{Wiki|ja:キリシタン大名|Christian ''daimyō''}} [[Takayama Ukon]] influenced him to convert to [[Christianity]], but when Hideyoshi {{Wiki|Bateren Edict|mandated}} in 1587 for Christians to {{Wiki|Apostasy|renounce}} their faith, Yoshitaka adopted the [[Buddhism|Buddhist]] name {{Wiki|Joshua|Josui}}<ref name="Database"/> (如水).<ref name="Wiki"/> | |||
After Hideyoshi's death in 1598, his {{Wiki|Council of Five Elders}} began infighting for absolute power.<ref>{{WP|Toyotomi Hideyoshi}}</ref> Yoshitaka sided with [[Tokugawa Ieyasu]], giving critical advice for the {{Wiki|Sekigahara campaign}} and the decisive [[Battle of Sekigahara]] that defeated [[Ishida Mitsunari]] and allowed Ieyasu to establish the [[Tokugawa shogunate]]. As a reward, Ieyasu granted Yoshitaka and Nagamasa with land and title over Honshu's {{Wiki|Chikuzen Province}}, where they established the {{Wiki|Fukuoka Domain}}.<ref name="Database"/> | |||
==Appearances== | ==Appearances== | ||
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[[Category:Retainers]] | [[Category:Retainers]] | ||
[[Category:Daimyō]] | [[Category:Daimyō]] | ||
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Kuroda Yoshitaka (黒田 孝高; 1546 – 1604),[1] also known by his common name[2] Kuroda Kanbei (黒田 官兵衛), was a Japanese daimyō who lived in the late Sengoku period and a master strategist[3] (軍師, gunshi)[2] that served each of Japan's three great unifiers (三英傑) in succession.
Yoshitaka was born in Himeji, Harima under the name Kodera Mankichi (小寺万吉) despite being of the Kuroda clan. Because his grandfather Shigetaka[1][2] had dutifully served Harima's Deputy Governor (守護代, shugodai)[4] Kodera Masamoto in Gochaku Castle,[1][2] Masamoto appointed Shigetaka's son Mototaka as Himeji Castle's castellan (城代, jōdai),[5] and granted him permission to use the Kodera clan name after marrying Akashi Masakaze's daughter whom Masamoto had adopted. Yoshitaka was the first child of this union.[1] In 1567, he took over as the Kuroda head when Mototaka retired,[1] married Kushihashi Koresada's daughter Teru whom Masamoto had also adopted,[6] and sired his son Nagamasa the next year.
By 1577 had entered the military as a samurai under Oda Nobunaga's commander Toyotomi Hideyoshi, who led the campaign in western Chūgoku region to break Mōri clan resistance to Oda clan rule.[7] In May 1578,[8] when Yoshitaka and the army marched west, Harima's ruling Governor (守護, shugo) Akamatsu Norifusa surrendered the weak Akamatsu clan's holdings, letting Hideyoshi take the region peacefully.
Offended at his lord's submission to the low-born Hideyoshi, Bessho Yoshichika convinced his nephew Nagaharu,[4] one of Hideyoshi's generals,[9] to defect and ally the Bessho clan with the Mōri.[7] This dragged both[4] of the Akamatsu's branch families (庶家, shoge)[10] into open revolt, sparking the Siege of Miki.[4] In October,[11] in which Yoshitaka and Takenaka Shigeharu served as joint tacticians, he witnessed General Araki Murashige suddenly retreat and return to Itami Castle in Settsu, hoping to also revolt against Nobunaga.[11]
Yoshitaka rode for Itami and tried to sway Murashige against this action, but Murashige instead imprisoned him in the dungeon. Believing Yoshitaka's stay was voluntary,[11] Nobunaga accused him of espionage and ordered Nagamasa's execution,[12] but Shigeharu secretly took him to Gifu Prefecture and hid him in the town Tarui beneath Bodaiyama Castle, falsely reporting his death by substituting another man's head.[13]
With Yoshitaka prisoner and expecting aid from the Mōri or the Ikkō-ikki who still fought the Ishiyama Hongan-ji War, Murashige prepared for a siege[11] from Nobunaga's eldest son Captain general (総大将, sō-daishō)[14] Nobutada and younger brother Nagamasu. In August 1579, seeing neither ally could help, Murashige slipped past Nobutada's lines and fled to Amagasaki Castle, leaving Yoshitaka behind. With his leader abandoning them, Murashige's lieutenant Nakanishi Shinipachirō[11] (中西新八郎)[14] joined Nobutada on 15 October, letting Takigawa Kazumasu's troops attack the nearby Jōrōzuka Fort[11] (上臈塚砦)[14] before swiftly taking the town Itami and razing it.[11] Yoshitaka's retainer Kuriyama Toshiyasu rescued him the next day,[14] but his long imprisonment in a confined space[2] crippled his right leg for life.[15]
Following Nobunaga's assassination during Akechi Mitsuhide's June 1582 attack on Honnō-ji, Yoshitaka joined Hideyoshi.[1] Shortly after, he met the Japanese Assassin Fujibayashi Naoe and the rōnin Yasuke during a rengakai (連歌会) hosted in Himeji Castle.[15] By July, he helped Hideyoshi in the Battle of Yamazaki to avenge their lord.[1]
Over the next decade, despite his injury, Yoshitaka helped Hideyoshi secure victory at the Battle of Shizugatake in Honshu, his campaign in Kyushu, and the Imjin War's initial stages[3] in ultimately failed attempts to fight Joseon and Ming forces to invade the Korean kingdom.[16] It was during this time, in 1585, that the Christian daimyō Takayama Ukon influenced him to convert to Christianity, but when Hideyoshi mandated in 1587 for Christians to renounce their faith, Yoshitaka adopted the Buddhist name Josui[3] (如水).[1]
After Hideyoshi's death in 1598, his Council of Five Elders began infighting for absolute power.[17] Yoshitaka sided with Tokugawa Ieyasu, giving critical advice for the Sekigahara campaign and the decisive Battle of Sekigahara that defeated Ishida Mitsunari and allowed Ieyasu to establish the Tokugawa shogunate. As a reward, Ieyasu granted Yoshitaka and Nagamasa with land and title over Honshu's Chikuzen Province, where they established the Fukuoka Domain.[3]
Appearances[edit | edit source]
References[edit | edit source]
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7
Kuroda Yoshitaka on Wikipedia
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 黒田孝高 on Wikipedia
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 Assassin's Creed: Shadows – Database: Kuroda Yoshitaka
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 Siege of Miki on Wikipedia
- ↑ 黒田重隆 on Wikipedia
- ↑ Kushihashi Teru on Wikipedia
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 Assassin's Creed: Shadows – Database: The Invasion of the Chugoku Provinces
- ↑ 三木合戦 on Wikipedia
- ↑ 中国攻め on Wikipedia
- ↑ 別所氏 on Wikipedia
- ↑ 11.0 11.1 11.2 11.3 11.4 11.5 11.6 Siege of Itami (1579) on Wikipedia
- ↑ Kuroda Nagamasa on Wikipedia
- ↑ 黒田長政 on Wikipedia
- ↑ 14.0 14.1 14.2 14.3 有岡城の戦い on Wikipedia
- ↑ 15.0 15.1 Assassin's Creed: Shadows – The Rengakai
- ↑ Imjin War on Wikipedia
- ↑ Toyotomi Hideyoshi on Wikipedia