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| {{Era|Realworld}} | | {{DISPLAYTITLE:''{{PAGENAME}}''}} |
| {{Youmay|the Discovery Tour: Ancient Egypt|[[Discovery Tour: Ancient Greece]]}} | | {{Era|ACO|Realworld}} |
| {{Stub}}
| | [[File:ACO Discovery Tour Banner.jpg|thumb|250px|Promotional banner]] |
| | | '''''Discovery Tour: Ancient Egypt''''' is the ''[[Discovery Tour]]'' educational mode for ''[[Assassin's Creed: Origins]]''. It was released as a free [[Assassin's Creed: Origins downloadable content|downloadable]] addition on 20 February 2018 and is available for free to those who own the base game, or for purchase as a stand-alone version on PC. In it, players are to free roam the game's map of ancient [[Egypt]] and learn about the [[Ptolemaic Kingdom]]'s history through a series of guided tours.<ref name="ACO">{{Ubisoft|origins/en-us/news/152-318407-16/this-month-in-assassins-creed%C2%AE-origins-february|This Month in Assassin's Creed: Origins – February|archivedate=20200717111250|subdomain=assassinscreed}}</ref> |
| [[File:ACO_Discovery_Tour_Banner.png|thumb|250px|Promotional banner]] | |
| '''Discovery Tour: Ancient Egypt''' is an educational mode for ''[[Assassin's Creed: Origins]]''. | |
| | |
| The mode was released as a downloadable add-on on 20 February 2018 and is available for free to those who own the base game, or for purchase as a stand-alone version on PC. In it, players are to free roam the game's map of [[Egypt|ancient Egypt]] and learn about the kingdom's history through a series of guided tours.<ref name="ACO">[https://assassinscreed.ubisoft.com/game/en-us/news/152-318407-16/this-month-in-assassins-creed%C2%AE-origins-february This Month in Assassin's Creed: Origins – February]</ref>
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| ==Tours== | | ==Tours== |
| ===Egypt=== | | ===Egypt=== |
| ====The Major Regions of Egypt==== | | {|class="article-table sortable" |
| <tabber>
| | |[[Tours: The Major Regions of Egypt|The Major Regions of Egypt]] |
| |-|Lower & Upper Egypt= | | |[[Tours: Bringer of Life, The Nile River|Bringer of Life, The Nile River]] |
| Life in ancient Egypt was concentrated along the
| | |[[Tours: Deserts of Egypt|Deserts of Egypt]] |
| shores of the Nile, and divided into two regions.
| | |[[Tours: The Qattara Depression|The Qattara Depression]] |
| Lower Egypt (north) was situated on the Nile Delta
| | |- |
| near the Mediterranean, and Upper Egypt was at
| | |[[Tours: Siwa|Siwa]] |
| the south reaching into Africa.
| | |[[Tours: The Faiyum|The Faiyum]] |
| | | |[[Tours: The City of Memphis|The City of Memphis]] |
| Due to its proximity to the Mediterranean,
| | |[[Tours: Rediscovering Egypt|Rediscovering Egypt]] |
| temperatures in Lower Egypt were less extreme
| | |- |
| than in Upper Egypt.
| | |[[Tours: Natron|Natron]] |
| |-|Two Pharaohs & Crowns= | | |[[Tours: Fauna of Ancient Egypt|Fauna of Ancient Egypt]] |
| Until 3100 BCE and the unification of Egypt, each
| | |[[Tours: Flora of Ancient Egypt|Flora of Ancient Egypt]] |
| region had its own pharaoh and crown.
| | |[[Tours: Ancient Egyptian Hieroglyphs|Ancient Egyptian Hieroglyphs]] |
| | | |- |
| Lower Egypt's crown was red, and marked with
| | |[[Tours: Jean-François Champollion|Jean-François Champollion]] |
| symbols of papyrus and bees.
| | |[[Tours: The Founding of Cyrene|The Founding of Cyrene]] |
| | | |[[Tours: The Agora & Thermal Baths|The Agora & Thermal Baths]] |
| Upper Egypt's crown was white with symbols of
| | |[[Tours: The Temple of Zeus in Cyrene|The Temple of Zeus in Cyrene]] |
| lotus and sedge grass.
| | |- |
| |-|Memphis and Thebes=
| | |[[Tours: Important Monuments of Cyrene|Important Monuments of Cyrene]] |
| Both regions had competing major cities, most
| | |[[Tours: The Acropolis of Cyrene|The Acropolis of Cyrene]] |
| notably Memphis in Lower Egypt, and Thebes in
| | |[[Tours: The Gladiator Arena|The Gladiator Arena]] |
| Upper Egypt.
| | |[[Tours: Major Exports of Cyrene|Major Exports of Cyrene]] |
| | | |} |
| There were different religious cults in both
| |
| regions, each worshipping their own major gods.
| |
| |-|Representation in Temples=
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| Many of the temples were designed in such a way
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| as to represent the two regions, and ceremonies
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| often incorporated Upper and Lower Egypt in
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| their rituals.
| |
| </tabber>
| |
| | |
| ====Bringer of Life, The Nile River====
| |
| <tabber>
| |
| |-|Topology= | |
| | |
| |-|Three Seasons=
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| | |
| |-|Ribbon of Life=
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| | |
| |-|Hapi, Neilos, Nile=
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| | |
| |-|Geography=
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| | |
| |-|Cataracts of the Nile=
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| | |
| |-|The Nile of Egypt=
| |
| | |
| |-|Water Sources= | |
| | |
| |-|Lakes=
| |
| | |
| </tabber>
| |
| | |
| ====Deserts of Egypt====
| |
| <tabber>
| |
| |-|Western & Eastern Deserts=
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| *'''Narrator:''' ''Reaching out on either side of the lush Nile are the harsh arid Western Desert and the mountainous Eastern Desert.They cover nearly 94% of Egypt.<br>Each of these parent deserts have their own microclimate, and contain several smaller deserts with a distinct fauna and flora.<br>Whale fossils were discovered within the depths of the Sahara. Known as the Valley of the Whales, this location is evidence of the seas which once covered the area.''
| |
| |-|White Desert=
| |
| *'''Narrator:''' ''The [[White Desert]] in the northeast of the Sahara owes its name to its limestone soil contrasting with the yellow sand.<br>The wind has eroded the rocks of the White Desert into stone mushrooms, the most famous of which is referred to as the Finger of God.''
| |
| |-|Oceans of Sand= | |
| *'''Narrator:''' ''The Great Sand Sea is a large unbroken desert that reaches out through western Egypt and eastern [[Libya]].<br>It is home to a unique geological formation known as Libyan [[silica]] glass. The pale yellowish-green material ranges from pebble-sized fragments to glass rocks the size of rough boulders.''
| |
| </tabber>
| |
| | |
| ====The Qattara Depression====
| |
| <tabber>
| |
| |-|Sand and Salt= | |
| *'''Narrator:''' ''The [[Qattara Depression]] is located in the northwest part of Egypt.<br>Reaching 18,000 square kilometers, the basin is 133 meters below sea level and covered with salt.<br>It is the second lowest point in Africa, after the Afar Depression.''
| |
| |-|Inhospitable Environment= | |
| *'''Narrator:''' ''The climate is very arid, with average temperatures reaching 36 degrees Celsius.<br>The famous [[Siwa]] Oasis is located on the protected southwestern region.<br> Today, the Qattara Depression is utilized for oil exploration.''
| |
| </tabber>
| |
| | |
| ====Siwa====
| |
| <tabber>
| |
| |-|Introduction= | |
| | |
| |-|Oases=
| |
| | |
| |-|North-South Orientation=
| |
| | |
| |-|Libyan Oases=
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| | |
| |-|Cleopatra's Bath=
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| | |
| |-|Oracle of Amun=
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| | |
| |-|Alexander the Great, Son of Ammon=
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| | |
| |-|Predicting Victory=
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| | |
| |-|The Ram-Headed Sphinxes=
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| | |
| </tabber>
| |
| | |
| ====The Faiyum====
| |
| <tabber>
| |
| |-|The Oasis= | |
| | |
| |-|Lake Moeris=
| |
| | |
| |-|Transports on Water=
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| | |
| |-|Amenemhat III's Pyramid=
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| | |
| |-|Recreating the Pyramid=
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| | |
| |-|Krokodilopolis=
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| | |
| |-|Town of Sobek=
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| | |
| |-|Sobek or Soukhos=
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| | |
| </tabber>
| |
| | |
| ====The City of Memphis====
| |
| <tabber>
| |
| |-|Cities and Regions= | |
| | |
| |-|Memphis, Thebes & Sais= | |
| | |
| |-|The First Capital=
| |
| | |
| |-|The White Walls=
| |
| | |
| </tabber>
| |
| | |
| ====Rediscovering Egypt====
| |
| <tabber>
| |
| |-|Mass Pillaging= | |
| | |
| |-|Early Organization= | |
| | |
| |-|The Dawn of Scientific Archeology= | |
| | |
| |-|A Unique Contribution=
| |
| | |
| |-|The Art of Jean-Claude Golvin=
| |
| | |
| |-|A New Era for Egyptology=
| |
| | |
| |-|Excavations Today= | |
| | |
| </tabber>
| |
| | |
| ====Natron====
| |
| | |
| ====Fauna of Ancient Egypt====
| |
| | |
| ====Flora of Ancient Egypt====
| |
| <tabber>
| |
| |-|A Wide Variety of Plants= | |
| The climate and unique geography of the Nile
| |
| Delta offered a wide variety of plant species.
| |
| | |
| Many of these plants served as sustenance for
| |
| ancient Egyptians, and as crops for trade.
| |
| | |
| The Nile's consistent seasons allowed Egypt to
| |
| sustain itself for centuries.
| |
| |-|Papyrus= | |
| Possibly the most useful of the plants was the
| |
| papyrus. This tall sedge plant grew in abundance
| |
| along the water's edge of the Nile.
| |
| | |
| Commontly known for its use as paper, the ancient
| |
| Egyptians found many other functions for it,
| |
| including rope, sandals and mats.
| |
| | |
| Papyriform boats made from the plant are seen in
| |
| paintings and reliefs, and were used in ritualistic
| |
| ceremonies.
| |
| |-|Fruit Trees= | |
| There were many types of trees along the river
| |
| Nile, such as the date palm, carob and tamarisk.
| |
| | |
| The earliest fruit tree cultivated was the fig tree,
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| followed by apple, pomegranate and eventually
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| olive trees during the era of the New Kingdom.
| |
| | |
| Mango cultivation was the result of a late import
| |
| from Asia during the Middle Ages.
| |
| |-|Embodiments of Divinity= | |
| Some trees were associated with gods, such as
| |
| the acacia with Horus.
| |
| | |
| The divinities Thoth and Seshat were depicted
| |
| inscribing the reign of the king into a persea tree.
| |
| | |
| The sycamore was connected with the goddess
| |
| Iset, patron of the Ritual of Life.
| |
| </tabber>
| |
| | |
| ====Ancient Egyptian Hieroglyphs====
| |
| | |
| ====Jean-François Champollion====
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| | |
| ====The Founding of Cyrene====
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| | |
| ====The Agora & Thermal Baths====
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| | |
| ====The Temple of Zeus in Cyrene====
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| | |
| ====Important Monuments of Cyrene====
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| | |
| ====The Acropolis of Cyrene====
| |
| | |
| ====The Gladiator Arena====
| |
| | |
| ====Major Exports of Cyrene====
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|
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|
| ===Pyramids=== | | ===Pyramids=== |
| ====The Origin of the Pyramid==== | | {|class="article-table sortable" |
| | | |[[Tours: The Origin of the Pyramid|The Origin of the Pyramid]] |
| ====The Step Pyramid Complex of Djoser====
| | |[[Tours: The Step Pyramid Complex of Djoser|The Step Pyramid Complex of Djoser]] |
| | | |[[Tours: Inside Djoser's Step Pyramid|Inside Djoser's Step Pyramid]] |
| ====Inside Djoser's Step Pyramid====
| | |[[Tours: Sneferu's First Pyramid|Sneferu's First Pyramid]] |
| | | |- |
| ====Sneferu's First Pyramid====
| | |[[Tours: The Bent Pyramid of Dahshur|The Bent Pyramid of Dahshur]] |
| | | |[[Tours: The Red Pyramid of Dahshur|The Red Pyramid of Dahshur]] |
| ====The Bent Pyramid of Dahshur====
| | |[[Tours: Pyramids of the Middle Kingdom|Pyramids of the Middle Kingdom]] |
| | | |[[Tours: An Overview of the Giza Necropolis|An Overview of the Giza Necropolis]] |
| ====The Red Pyramid of Dahshur====
| | |- |
| | | |[[Tours: The Riddles of the Sphinx|The Riddles of the Sphinx]] |
| ====Pyramids of the Middle Kingdom====
| | |[[Tours: Khufu's Funerary Complex|Khufu's Funerary Complex]] |
| | | |[[Tours: The Secrets of the Great Pyramid|The Secrets of the Great Pyramid]] |
| ====An Overview of The Giza Necropolis====
| | |[[Tours: The Great Pyramid: Subterranean Chamber|The Great Pyramid: Subterranean Chamber]] |
| <tabber>
| | |- |
| |-|The Giza Plateau= | | |[[Tours: The Great Pyramid of Giza: Upper Chambers|The Great Pyramid of Giza: Upper Chambers]] |
| *'''Narrator:''' ''The Giza plateau is located on the West Bank of the Nile, and was considered by ancient Egyptians as the domain of the dead.<br>The pyramidal complexes found there were built over the span of three generations, during the reign of Khufu, Khafre and Menkaure.''
| | |[[Tours: Jean-Pierre Houdin's Theories|Jean-Pierre Houdin's Theories]] |
| |-|An Immense Funerary Complex= | | |[[Tours: Khafre's Funerary Complex|Khafre's Funerary Complex]] |
| *'''Narrator:''' ''The Giza area, now famous for its three pyramidsm is part of a wider grouping of funerary complexes. Rulers from this period generally elected to be buried in the area.<br>The focal point of the entire region was the city of Memphis, chosen as the capital of Egypt at the beginning of the Old Kingdom.''
| | |[[Tours: Menkaure's Funerary Complex|Menkaure's Funerary Complex]] |
| |-|A Strict Alignment= | | |} |
| *'''Narrator:''' ''The placement of the Giza monuments and particularly that of the pyramids, followed a practical, yet strict alignment. First they focused on cardinal points, and then they accounted for the natural geology of the plateau.''
| |
| </tabber>
| |
| ====The Riddles of the Sphinx====
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| | |
| ====Khufu's Funerary Complex====
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| | |
| ====The Secrets of the Great Pyramid====
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| | |
| ====The Great Pyramid: Subterranean Chamber====
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| | |
| ====The Great Pyramid of Giza: Upper Chambers====
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| ====Jean-Pierre Houdin's Theories====
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| | |
| ====Khafre's Funerary Complex====
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| | |
| ====Menkaure's Funerary Complex====
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|
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|
| ===Alexandria=== | | ===Alexandria=== |
| ====The Greek Pharaohs==== | | {|class="article-table sortable" |
| | | |[[Tours: The Greek Pharaohs|The Greek Pharaohs]] |
| ====Cleopatra, Queen of Egypt====
| | |[[Tours: Cleopatra, Queen of Egypt|Cleopatra, Queen of Egypt]] |
| | | |[[Tours: The Siege of Alexandria|The Siege of Alexandria]] |
| ====The Siege of Alexandria====
| | |[[Tours: Introduction to Alexandria|Introduction to Alexandria]] |
| | | |- |
| ====Introduction to Alexandria====
| | |[[Tours: Alexandria: Planning of the City|Alexandria: Planning of the City]] |
| | | |[[Tours: Alexandria: A Commerical Hub|Alexandria: A Commerical Hub]] |
| ====Alexandria: Planning of the City====
| | |[[Tours: Alexandria, City of Celebration|Alexandria, City of Celebration]] |
| '''Learn about the design and layout of the city of [[Alexandria]].'''
| | |[[Tours: Education in Alexandria|Education in Alexandria]] |
| | | |- |
| <tabber>
| | |[[Tours: The Great Library of Alexandria|The Great Library of Alexandria]] |
| |-|Legendary Site= | | |[[Tours: The Mouseion of Alexandria|The Mouseion of Alexandria]] |
| *'''Narrator:''' ''[[Alexander the Great|Alexander]]'s plan to build his great city began with a verse from [[Homer]]'s [[Odyssey]].<br> "There is, in front of [[Egypt]], in the sea with many swells, an island called Pharos."<br> Guided by these clues, Alexander the Great founded his future city at the western end of the [[Nile|Nile Delta]].''
| | |[[Tours: The Serapeion of Alexandria|The Serapeion of Alexandria]] |
| | | |[[Tours: The Island of Pharos|The Island of Pharos]] |
| |-|Choosing The Site= | | |- |
| *'''Narrator:''' ''Though Alexander considered this location ideal for his great city, it presented considerable challenges.<br> Too difficult to access during storms, the surrounding swamps threatened disease, and the limestone soil prevented the growth of healthy crops.<br> However, due to the influence of his mentor [[Aristotle]], Alexander the Great recognized that the true value was its strategic emplacement.<br> Alexander knew that in controlling {{Wiki|Pelusium}} to the east, [[Memphis]] to the south and his crowning glory, Alexandria to the west, he would create a triangular stronghold allowing him to control the entire Delta while giving him access to the [[Mediterranean Sea|Mediterranean]].''
| | |[[Tours: The Paneion|The Paneion]] |
| | | |[[Tours: The Hippodrome of Alexandria|The Hippodrome of Alexandria]] |
| |-|The Walls of Alexandria= | | |} |
| *'''Narrator:''' ''The great walls of Alexandria had a humble beginning. Lacking chalk to outline the future city's foundations, architects were forced to use flour instead.<br> Clouds of migrating birds swept down and ate the flour, erasing the plans. This prompted Alexander to seek guidance from the oracles, who reassured him that his future city was destined to feed a large population.''
| |
| | |
| |-|Massive Proportions= | |
| *'''Narrator:''' ''Excavations led by Mahmoud bey El-Falaki in the 19th century revealed that the wall enclosure measured approximately 5.2 kilometers in length, and 2.2 kilometers in width. It was roughly 9 meters in height.''
| |
| | |
| |-|Impregnable Defense=
| |
| *'''Narrator:''' ''These formidable ancient walls would resist a number of attacks, including fending off the {{Wiki|Antiochus IV Epiphanes|king}} of [[Syria]] in 169 BCE.<br> It wasn't until 295 CE that they eventually fell to [[Roman Empire|Roman Emperor]] [[Diocletian]], and this only after eight months of relentless assault.''
| |
| | |
| |-|City Design=
| |
| *'''Narrator:''' ''Alexandria's principle architect, {{Wiki|Dinocrates|Deinokrates}}, chose a Hippodamian grid plan.<br> The grid maximized functionality, with wide straight roads and canals running beneath them.<br> Alexander recognized the military value of the city's design. The wide parallel streets gave him optimal surveilance of the city while allowing the unobstructed flow of troops.''
| |
| | |
| |-|Functional & Beautiful=
| |
| *'''Narrator:''' ''A central corridor ran from the Mediterranean's north port down to [[Lake Mareotis]] to the south. This thoroughfare acted as an unobstructed link for commercial trade and travel between the two ports.<br> Many of the streets were bordered with grand buildings and parks, including the Canopic Street with its impressive gate bordering the eastern end.''
| |
| | |
| |-|A Greek City= | |
| *'''Narrator:''' ''Alexandria was most likely built upon an already existing Egyptian village.<br> Upon its completion, the Egyptians reviled the city, refusing to call it by its founder's name. Instead, they called it Ra-qed, "the building." as a mark of disdain, which was later Hellenized into Rhakotis.<br> Despite this, the name Alexandria would remain.''
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| | |
| </tabber>
| |
| | |
| ====Alexandria: A Commercial Hub====
| |
| | |
| ====Alexandria, City of Celebration====
| |
| | |
| ====Education in Alexandria====
| |
| <tabber>
| |
| |-|Essential Knowledge= | |
| *'''Narrator:''' ''The education of young Alexandrians did not differ from the one generally dispensed elsewhere in Ancient Greece.<br>At the age of seven, the child was taken in charge by a tutor, who then became responsible for instilling an elementary education, as well as good moral principles.''
| |
| |-|Sports, but not only= | |
| *'''Narrator:''' ''Teaching was generally done outside, in the open air. In the gymnasium, students were taught not only sports, but also topics such as rhetoric, philosophy, music and poetry - all things deemed essential to ones' education at the time.''
| |
| |-|Inclusive Gameplay*= | |
| *'''Narrator:''' ''Here, both boys and girls are shown attending a class given by one of the rhetoricians of the era.<br>The team made the choice to show both genders attending class within the context of the game world. Even though it is historically innacurate, the team felt it was not necessary to prioritize historical sexism over inclusive gameplay.''
| |
| </tabber>
| |
| | |
| ====The Great Library of Alexandria====
| |
| | |
| ====The Mouseion of Alexandria====
| |
| | |
| ====The Serapeion of Alexandria====
| |
| | |
| ====The Islands of Pharos====
| |
| | |
| ====The Paneion====
| |
| | |
| ====The Hippodrome of Alexandria====
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|
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|
| ===Daily Life=== | | ===Daily Life=== |
| ====Osiris, The First Mummy==== | | {|class="article-table sortable" |
| | | |[[Tours: Osiris, The First Mummy|Osiris, The First Mummy]] |
| ====Mummies of Ancient Egypt====
| | |[[Tours: Mummies of Ancient Egypt|Mummies of Ancient Egypt]] |
| | | |[[Tours: The Importance of Mummies|The Importance of Mummies]] |
| ====The Importance of Mummies====
| | |[[Tours: Amulets & Rituals|Amulets & Rituals]] |
| | | |- |
| ====Amulets & Rituals====
| | |[[Tours: Temples & Rituals of Ancient Egypt|Temples & Rituals of Ancient Egypt]] |
| | | |[[Tours: Temples And Priests|Temples And Priests]] |
| ====Temples & Rituals of Ancient Egypt====
| | |[[Tours: Building Ancient Egypt|Building Ancient Egypt]] |
| | | |[[Tours: Workers & Transport|Workers & Transport]] |
| ====Temples And Priests====
| | |- |
| | | |[[Tours: Agriculture & Seasons|Agriculture & Seasons]] |
| ====Building Ancient Egypt====
| | |[[Tours: Ancient Egyptian Cultivation|Ancient Egyptian Cultivation]] |
| | | |[[Tours: Domesticated Animals of Ancient Egypt|Domesticated Animals of Ancient Egypt]] |
| ====Workers & Transport====
| | |[[Tours: Ancient Egyptian Medicine|Ancient Egyptian Medicine]] |
| | | |- |
| ====Agriculture & Seasons====
| | |[[Tours: Leather & Linen in Ancient Egypt|Leather & Linen in Ancient Egypt]] |
| | | |[[Tours: Ancient Egyptian Fashions|Ancient Egyptian Fashions]] |
| ====Ancient Egyptian Cultivation====
| | |[[Tours: Artisans of Ancient Egypt|Artisans of Ancient Egypt]] |
| | | |[[Tours: Evolution of Pottery in Ancient Egypt|Evolution of Pottery in Ancient Egypt]] |
| ====Domesticated Animals of Ancient Egypt====
| | |- |
| <tabber>
| | |[[Tours: The Egyptian Household|The Egyptian Household]] |
| |-|A Very Old Tradition= | | |[[Tours: Beer & Bread|Beer & Bread]] |
| Agriculture and domesticated livestock were
| | |[[Tours: Wine in Ancient Egypt|Wine in Ancient Egypt]] |
| introduced 6000 years ago. Archaeologists have
| | |[[Tours: Oil in Ancient Egypt|Oil in Ancient Egypt]] |
| found traces of cattle, donkeys, pigs and dogs.
| | |} |
| | |
| Dromedary are thought to have been introduced
| |
| during the Persian invasion.
| |
| |-|Pets=
| |
| Pets were deeply cherished in ancient Egypt. Many
| |
| illustrations of children often include a pet in the
| |
| depiction.
| |
| |-|Introduction to Cats= | |
| One of ancient Egypt's most iconic animals, the
| |
| cat, wasn't adopted into their daily Life until the
| |
| Middle Kingdom.
| |
| | |
| Since they were so highly capable of killing
| |
| snakes and rodents, cats were present
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| throughout every period. However, they only
| |
| became pets sometime during the Middle
| |
| Kingdom.
| |
| | |
| Prince Thutmose, son of Amenhotep III, had his
| |
| cat Ta-miu laid to rest in its own sarcophagi.
| |
| |-|Dogs and Family Ties=
| |
| The earliest reference to dogs dates back to 5000
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| BCE. They were popular pets, as they helped
| |
| hunters and protected herds.
| |
| | |
| They were closely linked to Anubis, the jackal-
| |
| headed god.
| |
| | |
| Baboons, monkeys and even falcons were tamed
| |
| as pets. Each was mummified and buried with as
| |
| much ceremony as any family member.
| |
| </tabber>
| |
| ====Ancient Egyptian Medicine====
| |
| <tabber>
| |
| |-|A Blend of Science and Magic= | |
| Evidence of advanced medical procedures have
| |
| been found on mummies, and ancient Egyptians
| |
| left detailed medical writings, from diagnosis to
| |
| follow-up treatment.
| |
| | |
| One of the oldest known surgical studies is the
| |
| Edwin Smith Papyrus. It's one of the first
| |
| documents in history that notes an association
| |
| between the integrity of the brain and cognitive
| |
| functions, including cases of ocular
| |
| complications and paralysis following head
| |
| trauma.
| |
| | |
| Vinegar-treated marble stone from Memphis was
| |
| used as an anaesthetic.
| |
| |-|The Ebers Medical Papyrus= | |
| Another similar document, the Ebers Medical
| |
| Papyrus is over 20 meters long and 30
| |
| centimeters wide. It details treatments of forty-
| |
| eight surgical cases and contains 877 paragraphs
| |
| describing various diseases.
| |
| | |
| Alongside accurate and factual scientific
| |
| approaches, the papyrus has more than 700
| |
| magic formulas and incantations to ward off
| |
| demons and disease. This demonstrates how
| |
| ancient Egyptians believed in a harmonious
| |
| balance between religion and science.
| |
| |-|Medicines of the Time=
| |
| Remedies were considered as medicine, and
| |
| carried by doctors and priests. Village doctors
| |
| often had another job, alongside their medical
| |
| duties and the preparation of medicines.
| |
| | |
| A cure for blindness was made of fermented
| |
| honey, ochre and kohl. The science behind it was
| |
| that honey functioned as an antiseptic and
| |
| antibacterial, while ochre would reduce the
| |
| swelling.
| |
| | |
| All of their knowledge did not always suffice.
| |
| Ramses II died of an infection caused by an
| |
| abscessed tooth.
| |
| </tabber>
| |
| | |
| ====Leather & Linen in Ancient Egypt====
| |
| | |
| ====Ancient Egyptian Fashions====
| |
| | |
| ====Artisans of Ancient Egypt====
| |
| | |
| ====Evolution of Pottery in Ancient Egypt====
| |
| | |
| ====The Egyptian Household====
| |
| | |
| ====Beer & Bread====
| |
| | |
| ====Wine in Ancient Egypt====
| |
| | |
| ====Oil in Ancient Egypt====
| |
|
| |
|
| ===Romans=== | | ===Romans=== |
| ====Roman Military Equipment==== | | {|class="article-table sortable" |
| | |[[Tours: Roman Military Equipment|Roman Military Equipment]] |
| | |[[Tours: Roman Forts|Roman Forts]] |
| | |[[Tours: The Forts of Cyrenaica|The Forts of Cyrenaica]] |
| | |[[Tours: Roman Aqueducts|Roman Aqueducts]] |
| | |- |
| | |[[Tours: Crucifixion|Crucifixion]] |
| | |} |
|
| |
|
| ====Roman Forts====
| |
| <tabber>
| |
| |-|The Castrum=
| |
|
| |
| The size of a Roman military camp, known as a
| |
| castrum, varied significantly depending on how
| |
| many soldiers it needed to accommodate.
| |
| However, they all shared common characteristics
| |
| in design and construction, such as this fort
| |
| before you, located in Cape Chersonesos.
| |
| |-|The Fortifications=
| |
| Rectangular in shape, the forts were heavily
| |
| fortified by ramparts and a ditch system.
| |
|
| |
| The walls were reinforced with parapets,
| |
| essentially an extension at the roofline which
| |
| allowed a protective barrier for patrolling
| |
| soldiers.
| |
|
| |
| Depending on the availability of materials, some
| |
| forts were built with stone, timbers, stacked turf
| |
| and, particularly in the eastern part of the
| |
| Empire, baked brick.
| |
| |-|Spatial Organization=
| |
| Access doors on all four sides were each flanked
| |
| by guard towers.
| |
|
| |
| The commanding officer was positioned in the
| |
| middle of the camp, giving him a clear view of the
| |
| troops and the main gate.
| |
| |-|Thorough Planning=
| |
| Along with sleeping barracks for the soldiers, the
| |
| fort also had a granary that was expected to hold
| |
| rations for a year or longer.
| |
|
| |
| To ensure the health of the soldiers, every camp
| |
| was equipped with medical staff and a hospital.
| |
| A clean water supply with conduits for a
| |
| bathhouse and latrines was included in the
| |
| construction of every fort.
| |
| </tabber>
| |
|
| |
| ====The Forts of Cyrenaica====
| |
|
| |
| ====Roman Aqueducts====
| |
|
| |
| ====Crucifixion====
| |
| <tabber>
| |
| |-|Roman Capital Punishment=
| |
| In terms of the severity of Roman justice,
| |
| crucifixion was at the top of the list of corporal
| |
| punishment, followed by death by fire and
| |
| decapitation.
| |
|
| |
| The upper class considered crucifixion unworthy
| |
| of their position. Those lucky enough to have
| |
| Roman citizenship were also exempt from such
| |
| treatment.
| |
| |-|A Popular Entretainment=
| |
| Easily accessible, crucifixions were popular
| |
| entertainment among the citizenry.
| |
|
| |
| Unlike throwing victims to wild animals, which
| |
| required an arena, crucifixions did not require
| |
| any particular setting.
| |
| |-|The Condemned=
| |
| Those subjected to crucifixion were almost
| |
| always slaves, traitors and lower class citizens.
| |
|
| |
| Roman deserters were crucified because the
| |
| betrayal of the soldiers was perceived as
| |
| endangering the lives of Roman citizens.
| |
| |-|Spartacus=
| |
| In 71 BCE, a major slave uprising in Italia was
| |
| repressed by the Roman army.
| |
|
| |
| This resulted in the crucifixion of 6000 men
| |
| including their leader, a slave and former
| |
| gladiator known as Spartacus.
| |
| </tabber>
| |
|
| |
|
| ==Characters== | | ==Characters== |
| {|class="wikitable sortable" border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="800px" style="text-align:center;" | | {| class="wikitable sortable" border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="700px" style="text-align:center;" |
| !width="1%" |Image | | ! width="1%" |Image |
| !width="1%" |Name | | ! width="1%" |Name |
| !width="5%" |Description | | ! width="5%" |Description |
| |- | | |- |
| | | | |[[File:ACO_DT_Bayek.png|thumb|100px|center]] |
| ![[Bayek|Bayek of Siwa]] | | ![[Bayek|Bayek of Siwa]] |
| |[[Medjay]]. Husband to [[Aya]] of [[Alexandria]]. | | |[[Medjay]]. Husband to [[Aya]] of [[Alexandria]]. |
| Line 555: |
Line 136: |
| |[[File:ACO DT Cleopatra.PNG|thumb|100px|center]] | | |[[File:ACO DT Cleopatra.PNG|thumb|100px|center]] |
| ![[Cleopatra|Cleopatra VII Philopator]] | | ![[Cleopatra|Cleopatra VII Philopator]] |
| |Descendant of [[Alexander the Great]]'s general, [[Ptolemy I Soter]]. Queen of [[Egypt]]. | | |Descendant of [[Alexander the Great]]'s general, [[Ptolemy I Soter]]. Queen of [[Egypt]]. |
| |- | | |- |
| |[[File:ACO DT - William Miles render.png|thumb|100px|center]] | | |[[File:ACO DT - William Miles render.png|thumb|100px|center]] |
| Line 585: |
Line 166: |
| |Daughter of [[Menehet]], an old friend of Bayek. | | |Daughter of [[Menehet]], an old friend of Bayek. |
| |- | | |- |
| | | | |[[File:ACO_DT_Actor.png|thumb|100px|center]] |
| !Actor | | !Actor |
| |One of the famed actors of ancient Egypt, in costume. | | |One of the famed actors of ancient Egypt, in costume. |
| |- | | |- |
| | | | |[[File:ACO_DT_Egyptian_Woman.png|thumb|100px|center]] |
| !Egyptian Woman | | !Egyptian Woman |
| |Wearing clothing typical of the common Egyptian folk of the era. | | |Wearing clothing typical of the common Egyptian folk of the era. |
| |- | | |- |
| | | | |[[File:ACO_DT_Egyptian_Nobleman.png|thumb|100px|center]] |
| !Egyptian Nobleman | | !Egyptian Nobleman |
| |Real |Wearing clothing typical of the nobility of Ancient Egypt. | | | Real |Wearing clothing typical of the nobility of Ancient Egypt. |
| |- | | |- |
| | | | |[[File:ACO_Egyptian_Noblewoman.png|thumb|100px|center]] |
| !Egyptian Noblewoman | | !Egyptian Noblewoman |
| |Real |Wearing clothing typical of the nobility of Ancient Egypt.
| | |Wearing clothing typical of the nobility of Ancient Egypt. |
| |- | | |- |
| |[[File:ACO Roman Soldier.PNG|thumb|100px|center]] | | |[[File:ACO Roman Soldier.PNG|thumb|100px|center]] |
| !Roman Soldier | | !Roman Soldier |
| |Real |Wearing clothing typical of Roman soldiers of the era.
| | |Wearing clothing typical of Roman soldiers of the era. |
| |- | | |- |
| | | | |[[File:ACO_DT_Greek_Nobleman.png|thumb|100px|center]] |
| !Greek Nobleman | | !Greek Nobleman |
| |Real |Wearing clothing typical of the Greek nobility of the era.
| | |Wearing clothing typical of the Greek nobility of the era. |
| |- | | |- |
| | | | |[[File:ACO_DT_Greek_Noblewoman.png|thumb|100px|center]] |
| !Greek Noblewoman | | !Greek Noblewoman |
| |Real |Wearing clothing typical of the Greek nobility of the era.
| | |Wearing clothing typical of the Greek nobility of the era. |
| |- | | |- |
| | | | |[[File:ACO_DT_Greek_Man.png|thumb|100px|center]] |
| !Greek Man | | !Greek Man |
| |Real |Wearing clothing typical of the common Greek folk of the era.
| | |Wearing clothing typical of the common Greek folk of the era. |
| |- | | |- |
| | | | |[[File:ACO_DT_Greek_Woman.png|thumb|100px|center]] |
| !Greek Woman | | !Greek Woman |
| |Real |Wearing clothing typical of the common Greek folk of the era.
| | |Wearing clothing typical of the common Greek folk of the era. |
| |- | | |- |
| |[[File:ACO Ptolemaic Soldier.png|thumb|100px|center]] | | |[[File:ACO Ptolemaic Soldier.png|thumb|100px|center]] |
| !Ptolemaic Soldier | | !Ptolemaic Soldier |
| |Real |Wearing clothing typical of Egyptian soldiers of the era.
| | |Wearing clothing typical of Egyptian soldiers of the era. |
| |- | | |- |
| | | | |[[File:ACO_DT_Bayek_Hedj.png|thumb|100px|center]] |
| !Bayek with Egyptian Hedj | | !Bayek with Egyptian Hedj |
| |Real |Wearing hedj clothing, a more distinguished though still practical outfit. Hedj means "white".
| | |Wearing hedj clothing, a more distinguished though still practical outfit. Hedj means "white". |
| |- | | |- |
| | | | |[[File:ACO_DT_Bayek_Irtyu.png|thumb|100px|center]] |
| !Bayek with Egyptian Irtyu | | !Bayek with Egyptian Irtyu |
| |Real |Wearing irtyu clothing, favored by the nobles. Irtyu means "blue".
| | |Wearing irtyu clothing, favored by the nobles. Irtyu means "blue". |
| |- | | |- |
| | | | |[[File:ACO_DT_Bayek_Narok.png|thumb|100px|center]] |
| !Bayek with Egyptian Narok | | !Bayek with Egyptian Narok |
| |Real |Wearing the robe of an elder Maasai warrior.
| | |Wearing the robe of an elder {{Wiki|Maasai people|Maasai}} warrior. |
| |- | | |- |
| | | | |[[File:ACO_DT_Bayek_Persian.png|thumb|100px|center]] |
| !Bayek as a Persian Commander | | !Bayek as a Persian Commander |
| |Real |Purple is the color of leaders, feared by their enemies.
| | |Purple is the color of leaders, feared by their enemies. |
| |} | | |} |
|
| |
|
| ==Timeline== | | ==Timeline== |
| <gallery position="center" widths="180" captionalign="center">
| | [[File:Discovery Tour Ancient Egypt Timeline.png|thumb|700px|center|Timeline]] |
| Discovery Tour Ancient Egypt Timeline.png|Timeline | |
| </gallery>
| |
|
| |
|
| ==Gallery== | | ==Gallery== |
| Line 651: |
Line 230: |
| |-|Promotional media= | | |-|Promotional media= |
| <gallery position="center" widths="180" captionalign="center"> | | <gallery position="center" widths="180" captionalign="center"> |
| Discovery Tour.jpg|Discovery Tour Ancient Egypt | | ACO Discovery Tour Text Banner.png|Discovery Tour's Text banner |
| </gallery> | | </gallery> |
| |-|Screenshots= | | |-|Screenshots= |
| Line 674: |
Line 253: |
| {{Reflist}} | | {{Reflist}} |
| {{ACO}} | | {{ACO}} |
| | | {{DTAE}} |
| [[zh:发现之旅：古埃及]]
| |
| [[es:Modo Descubrimiento]]
| |
| [[Category:Assassin's Creed: Origins DLC]] | | [[Category:Assassin's Creed: Origins DLC]] |
| | [[Category:Discovery Tour: Ancient Egypt]] |
| | <!--[zh:发现之旅：古埃及] |
| | [es:Modo Descubrimiento] |
| | [fr:Discovery Tour : Égypte ancienne]--> |
Discovery Tour's Text banner
