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This article is about the real world company. You may be looking for its fictional counterpart.

Ubisoft Entertainment SA, formerly Ubi Soft Entertainment SA, is a French computer and video game publisher and developer headquartered in the Parisian commune of Montreuil.[1] The company has facilities in over 20 countries,[2] with notable studios in Montreal and Quebec City, Canada.

Its main subsidiary Ubisoft Montreal was responsible for developing and publishing the Assassin's Creed series until 2014, from which point Ubisoft Quebec took over.[3] Other subsidiaries have also contributed to the franchise in smaller ways; Gameloft was founded in December 1999[4] and was responsible for developing mobile adaptations of Assassin's Creed games until the French investing firm Vivendi initiated an aggressive 9-month takeover in October 2015,[5][6] while Ubiworkshop was formed in late 2009 and primarily focused on short media like film[7] and comics before branching out into fan apparel and accessories around late 2014.[8]

History[edit | edit source]

The Guillemot family's five sons Claude, Michel, Yves, Gérard, and Christian originally founded "Ubi Soft" as a computer game publisher in 1986[1] in Britanny, France,[9] with the company name being a portmanteau of "ubiquitous software".[10] As CEO, Yves made deals with Electronic Arts, Sierra On-Line, Inc, and MicroProse to distribute their games in France. By 1990, Ubisoft began expanding to other markets, including the United States, the United Kingdom, and Germany. From there, Ubisoft became a publicly traded company in 1996 and continued to expand to offices around the globe, opening locations in Shanghai and Montreal.[1]

On 20 December 2004, Electronic Arts paid the Dutch investment firm Talpa Beheer BV between $85M–$100M to acquire their nearly 20% stake in Ubisoft,[11] an action that Yves referred to as "hostile".[12] In response, on 3 March 2005, Ubisoft acquired the private French adventure game publisher MC2-Microïds' studio in Montreal and subsumed the 50-member team into Ubisoft Montreal, intending to use MC2's titles like Still Life and Amerzone to stave off Electronic Arts' growing market share.[13]

On 11 November 2008, Ubisoft acquired the Swedish game developer Massive Entertainment after Vivendi deemed it surplus material following its own purchase of Activision Blizzard.[14]

On 14 October 2025, an internal memo to Ubisoft staff announced that Vice President Executive Producer Marc-Alexis Côté had left the company after a decade[15] just as Ubisoft and the Chinese conglomerate Tencent[16] were in the midst of launching[17] their jointly-owned subsidiary,[16] Vantage Studios.[17] Co-headed through nepotism by Ubisoft CEO Yves Guillemot's immediate family—his cousin[18] and Ubisoft Montreal co-founder Christophe Derennes,[19][20] and his son and Ubisoft's Owlient studio co-lead[21] Charles—Vantage would help develop Assassin's Creed, Far Cry, and Tom Clancy's Rainbow Six,[19] with Christophe handling production departments and Charles directing the three series' stories and features.[20] Although Derennes and Charles had offered Côté a leadership position in the new company before its debut,[22] he turned it down,[15] elaborating in a LinkedIn post written just a day after his departure that the advertised job "did not carry the same scope, mandate, or continuity" as his recent work. For this act of refusal, Ubisoft executives decided to replace his oversight of Assassin's Creed with "someone closer to its new organizational structure" and requested he step aside.[23]

Assassin's Creed developers[edit | edit source]

Annecy[edit | edit source]

Ubisoft Annecy developed the series' early multiplayer element[24] and were among the 10 teams that developed Assassin's Creed: Unity.[25]

Blue Byte[edit | edit source]

Ubisoft acquired the German game studio Blue Byte on 7 March 2001[26] and the studio has since developed Assassin's Creed: Identity released in 2014 for iOS and 2016 for Android.[27] In 2017, the studio was rebranded as Ubisoft Blue Byte.[28]

Bordeaux[edit | edit source]

Ubisoft Bordeaux contributed to Assassin's Creed: Valhalla's development[29] and were the main team behind Valhalla's first downloadable expansion, Wrath of the Druids. They later led the development of Assassin's Creed: Mirage, released in 2023 and originally envisioned as another Valhalla expansion.[30] The studio also led the development of Assassin's Creed: Shadows' downloadable expansion Claws of Awaji and Mirage's downloadable expansion Valley of Memory, both released in 2025.[31]

Bucharest[edit | edit source]

Ubisoft Bucharest assisted in the development of the multiplayer modes of Assassin's Creed: Brotherhood, [citation needed] Assassin's Creed: Revelations,[24] Assassin's Creed IV: Black Flag, and Unity, [citation needed] and also contributed to the main campaigns of Assassin's Creed: Rogue,[32] Valhalla,[29] and Mirage. [citation needed]

Chengdu[edit | edit source]

Ubisoft Chengdu contributed to Unity,[25] Rogue,[32] and Valhalla.[29]

Da Nang[edit | edit source]

Ubisoft Da Nang was established in September 2019 in Da Nang, Vietnam. It was responsible for the development of Assassin's Creed: Freerunners. [citation needed]

Halifax[edit | edit source]

Officially established in 2015, Ubisoft Halifax created the 2018 mobile game Assassin's Creed: Rebellion.[2] On 20 June 2025, its staff filed to unionize.[33]

Kyiv[edit | edit source]

Ubisoft Kyiv contributed to Black Flag, [citation needed] Unity,[25] and Valhalla.[29]

Milan[edit | edit source]

Ubisoft Milan contributed to Black Flag, [citation needed] Rogue,[32] and developed the HD version of Assassin's Creed III: Liberation. [citation needed]

Montpellier[edit | edit source]

Ubisoft Montpellier contributed to Black Flag, [citation needed] Unity,[25] and Valhalla,[29] and developed Unity's downloadable expansion Dead Kings and Assassin's Creed: Syndicate's downloadable expansion Jack the Ripper. [citation needed]

Montreal[edit | edit source]

Ubisoft Montreal, which opened on 25 April 1997, is Ubisoft's oldest studio.[34] It operated as the company's flagship was a lead developer of the main Assassin's Creed titles since the saga's inception,[3] with the exception of Rogue, Syndicate, Assassin's Creed: Odyssey, and Mirage, though they still assisted with both Rogue and Mirage. [citation needed] They also developed Assassin's Creed: Bloodlines and Assassin's Creed II: Discovery in conjunction with Griptonite Games. [citation needed]

Paris[edit | edit source]

Ubisoft Paris developed the smartphone/tablet game Assassin's Creed: Pirates. [citation needed]

Philippines[edit | edit source]

Ubisoft Philippines contributed to Assassin's Creed: Origins and Odyssey. They co-developed Assassin's Creed III Remastered and handled the Nintendo Switch port. [citation needed] Their contributions to Valhalla[29] included creating the region of Snotinghamscire, the naval and raid animations, and designing many of the axes and shields.[35] They also contributed to Mirage. [citation needed]

Quebec[edit | edit source]

Ubisoft Quebec, which opened on 2 June 2005,[36] has contributed to Brotherhood,[3] Revelations,[3] Assassin's Creed III,[24] Black Flag, [citation needed] Unity,[25] Rogue,[32] and Valhalla.[29] They also developed the Assassin's Creed III downloadable three-part expansion The Tyranny of King Washington.[3] A 15-member team developed Black Flag for Wii U and contributed to its downloadable expansion Freedom Cry.[37] Since 2015, the studio has been the lead developer on several games in the series, namely, Syndicate, Odyssey, and Assassin's Creed: Shadows. [citation needed]

Shanghai[edit | edit source]

Ubisoft Shanghai contributed to Unity[25] and Valhalla.[29]

Singapore[edit | edit source]

Ubisoft Singapore contributed to Assassin's Creed II, Brotherhood, Revelations,[38] III,[24] Black Flag, [citation needed] Unity,[25] Rogue,[32] Syndicate, Origins, Odyssey, [citation needed] and Valhalla.[29] They developed missions such as the platforming and naval missions in the series.

Sofia[edit | edit source]

Ubisoft Sofia was the lead developer on Liberation [citation needed] and Rogue,[32] and also contributed to Black Flag, Origins, Odyssey, [citation needed] and Valhalla.[29]

Toronto[edit | edit source]

Ubisoft Toronto, which opened on 6 July 2009, was initially led by CEO Yannis Mallat, who had moved from the Montreal studio.[39] That September, Mallat was replaced by Jade Raymond, who was Producer of the series' first entry Assassin's Creed and Executive Producer of Assassin's Creed II.[40] In 2014, the studio contributed to Unity.[25] With its founding press release stating that it intended to have 800 staff by 2019,[39] it came very close to matching that goal, having hired more than 700 people by May 2018.[41]

Ubisoft Massive[edit | edit source]

Ubisoft Massive contributed to Revelations.[24]

Ubisoft Film & Television[edit | edit source]

Ubisoft Film & Television, previously known as Ubisoft Motion Pictures, was founded on 2 May 2011.[42] It produced the Assassin's Creed film[43] and is set to produce the upcoming Netflix series.[44]

Ubisoft Publishing[edit | edit source]

Ubisoft Publishing is the company that has published Assassin's Creed: Heresy and Assassin's Creed: The Essential Guide.[45]

References[edit | edit source]

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Ubi Soft Entertainment SA. Ubi Soft Financial Report 2000/2001. Ubi Soft Entertainment SA. Retrieved on 20 July 2025., pg. 28.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Ubisoft (2021). Ubisoft Press Kit 2021. Ubisoft. Archived from the original on 12 March 2022. Retrieved on 15 October 2025., pg. 17–63
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 Steinman, Gary (2 July 2014). Ubisoft Quebec to Lead Future Assassin’s Creed. Ubisoft. Archived from the original on 7 July 2014. Retrieved on 3 July 2014.
  4. ↑ Ubisoft (14 December 1999). Gameloft.com: The Global Online Entertainment Platform. Ubisoft. Archived from the original on 2 March 2000. Retrieved on 20 July 2025.
  5. ↑ Nutt, Christian (14 October 2015). Former Activision owner Vivendi takes stakes in Ubisoft, Gameloft. Gamasutra. Archived from the original on 15 October 2015. Retrieved on 20 July 2025.
  6. ↑ Kerr, Chris (1 June 2016). Vivendi succeeds in hostile Gameloft takeover. Gamasutra. Archived from the original on 2 June 2016. Retrieved on 20 July 2025.
  7. ↑ Ubisoft (@Ubisoft) on Twitter "The first episode of the Assassin's Creed Lineage short movies will be aired on 8 YouTube homepages worldwide on Oct. 27th" (backup link)
  8. ↑ Game Rant Staff (11 August 2014). Inside 'Ubi Workshop': Ubisoft's New Approach To Fan Service. Game Rant. Archived from the original on 7 July 2024. Retrieved on 20 July 2025.
  9. ↑ Bertz, Matt (6 December 2011). Ubi Uncensored: The History Of Ubisoft By The People Who Wrote It. Game Informer. Archived from the original on 7 January 2012. Retrieved on 20 July 2025.
  10. ↑ Ubisoft Montréal (@UbisoftMTL) on Twitter "Here is the answer to Friday’s questions! In @Ubisoft, Ubi stands for ubiquity, which means to be everywhere at the same time. Had it right?" (backup link)
  11. ↑ Wingfield, Nick and Robert A. Guth (20 December 2004). Electronic Arts Plans to Buy Nearly 20% of Publisher Ubisoft. The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved on 20 July 2025.
  12. ↑ GameSpot Staff (31 December 2004). Ubisoft CEO Yves Guillemot speaks his mind on the EA deal. GameSpot. Archived from the original on 1 January 2005. Retrieved on 20 July 2025.
  13. ↑ Maragos, Nich (11 November 2008). Ubisoft To Acquire Microids' Canadian Studios. Gamasutra. Archived from the original on 5 March 2005. Retrieved on 20 July 2025.
  14. ↑ Alexander, Leigh (11 November 2008). Ubisoft Picks Up World In Conflict Dev Massive Entertainment. Gamasutra. Archived from the original on 21 December 2008. Retrieved on 20 July 2025.
  15. ↑ 15.0 15.1 Maas, Jennifer (14 October 2025). 'Assassin’s Creed' Franchise Boss Marc-Alexis Côté Exits Ubisoft Amid Restructuring. Variety. Archived from the original on 14 October 2025. Retrieved on 15 October 2025.
  16. ↑ 16.0 16.1  Ubisoft accelerates its transformation by laying foundation for new operating model with the creation of a subsidiary and injection of €1.16BN of cash from selected investor Tencent on Ubisoft's official website (backup link)
  17. ↑ 17.0 17.1  Ubisoft launches new subsidiary – Vantage Studios on Ubisoft's official website (backup link)
  18. ↑ Kaur, Tessa (17 July 2025). Let's not lie to ourselves, Ubisoft's new subsidiary leadership is nepotism and we all know it. TheGamer. Archived from the original on 17 July 2025. Retrieved on 15 October 2025.
  19. ↑ 19.0 19.1  Ubisoft appoints Christophe Derennes and Charlie Guillemot as co-CEOs of its new subsidiary on Ubisoft's official website (backup link)
  20. ↑ 20.0 20.1  Ubisoft Announces Christophe Derennes and Charlie Guillemot as Co-CEOs of New Subsidiary on Ubisoft's official website (backup link)
  21. ↑ Maas, Jennifer (16 July 2025). Ubisoft names co-CEOs of spinoff: Christophe Derennes, Charlie Guillemot talk plans for 'Assassin’s Creed,' 'Rainbow Six' and 'Far Cry' (Exclusive). Variety. Archived from the original on 16 July 2025. Retrieved on 15 October 2025.
  22. ↑ Robinson, Andy (14 October 2025). Assassin's Creed boss Marc-Alexis Coté quits Ubisoft following start of new subsidiary. Video Game Chronicle. Archived from the original on 14 October 2025. Retrieved on 15 October 2025.
  23. ↑ Chalk, Andy (17 October 2025). Former Assassin's Creed boss says he did not leave voluntarily: 'I stayed at my post until Ubisoft asked me to step aside'. PC Gamer. Archived from the original on 17 October 2025. Retrieved on 17 October 2025.
  24. ↑ 24.0 24.1 24.2 24.3 24.4 Gilbert, Ben (26 March 2012). Building a Revolution: The four teams behind Assassin's Creed 3. Joystiq. Archived from the original on 29 March 2012. Retrieved on 11 July 2014.
  25. ↑ 25.0 25.1 25.2 25.3 25.4 25.5 25.6 25.7 Nelva, Giuseppe (15 May 2014). Ten Studios Working on Assassin's Creed Unity; Ubisoft Wants to Release Franchises More Often. DualShockers. Archived from the original on 18 May 2014. Retrieved on 11 July 2014.
  26. ↑ Dunne, Alex (7 February 2001). Ubi Soft Acquires Blue Byte. Game Developer. Archived from the original on 24 June 2024. Retrieved on 20 July 2025.
  27. ↑ Sam (30 September 2014). Assassin’s Creed Identity Rolls Out First in Australia and New Zealand. The Otaku's Study. Archived from the original on 8 October 2014. Retrieved on 20 July 2025.
  28. ↑ Ubisoft Berlin: Was wird aus der Marke "Blue Byte"? [Ubisoft Berlin: What will become of the brand "Blue Byte"] (in German). Games Wirtschaft (31 August 2017). Archived from the original on 3 October 2017.
  29. ↑ 29.00 29.01 29.02 29.03 29.04 29.05 29.06 29.07 29.08 29.09 Barker, Sammy (30 Apr 2020). Assassin's Creed Valhalla Is Being Developed by a Frightening 15 Studios. Push Square. Archived from the original on 1 May 2020. Retrieved on 20 July 2025.
  30. ↑  How Assassin’s Creed Mirage Grew from DLC to Full Game on Ubisoft's official website (backup link)
  31. ↑ Phillips, Tom (7 October 2025). Assassin's Creed Mirage's Saudi-backed Valley of Memory expansion looks a generous free side-quest — though not one many fans would have asked for. IGN. Archived from the original on 7 October 2025. Retrieved on 18 October 2025.
  32. ↑ 32.0 32.1 32.2 32.3 32.4 32.5 Lewis, Anne (5 August 2014). Assassin’s Creed Rogue Announced. Ubisoft. Archived from the original on 7 August 2014. Retrieved on 5 August 2014.
  33. ↑ Matt, Sean (20 June 2025). Workers at gaming company Ubisoft Halifax file to unionize. CTV News. Retrieved on 15 October 2025.
  34. ↑ Ubisoft (25 April 1997). Ubi Soft Entertainment Opens In Montreal. Ubisoft. Archived from the original on 6 March 2001. Retrieved on 20 July 2025.
  35. ↑ Ganglani, Naveen (14 September 2020). Q&A: Ubisoft Philippines studio art director JP Tan on their work on 'AC: Valhalla'. Rappler. Archived from the original on 15 May 2024. Retrieved on 1 June 2024.
  36. ↑ Jenkins, David (2 June 2005). Ubisoft Opens Quebec City Studio. Gamasutra. Archived from the original on 28 February 2008. Retrieved on 20 July 2025.
  37. ↑ Whitehead, Thomas (30 September 2013). Interview: Ubisoft on Assassin's Creed IV Black Flag's Place in the Franchise, and Returning to Wii U. Nintendo Life. Archived from the original on 2 October 2013. Retrieved on 11 July 2014.
  38. ↑ Steinman, Gary (5 August 2013). Spotlight on Ubisoft Singapore. Ubisoft. Archived from the original on 11 August 2013. Retrieved on 11 July 2014.
  39. ↑ 39.0 39.1 Graft Kris (6 July 2009). Ubisoft Opening New Ontario, Toronto-Based Development Studio. Gamasutra. Archived from the original on 10 July 2009. Retrieved on 20 July 2025.
  40. ↑ Thorsen, Tor (1 September 2009). Jade Raymond heading up Ubisoft Toronto. GameSpot. Archived from the original on 2 July 2018. Retrieved on 20 July 2025.
  41. ↑  Studio Profile – Inside Ubisoft Toronto on Ubisoft's official website (backup link)
  42. ↑ Keslassy, Elsa (2 May 2011). Ubisoft launches film, TV shingle. Variety. Archived from the original on 14 June 2013. Retrieved on 20 July 2025.
  43. ↑  Ubisoft and New Regency partner on Assassin's Creed film on Ubisoft's official website (backup link)
  44. ↑ Reed, James (17 July 2025). Assassin's Creed Heads to TV in 'High-Octane' Live-Action Adaptation. Netflix. Archived from the original on 17 July 2025. Retrieved on 18 July 2025.
  45. ↑  Ubisoft In-House Publishing Team Brings New Assassins Creed Books to Life on Ubisoft's official website (backup link)

External links[edit | edit source]

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