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{{Era|TSC|ACRG}}
{{Era|Locations}}{{WP-REAL|Alamut Castle}}
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{{Landmark Infobox
'''Alamut''' was a fortress located in [[Iran]] controlled by the [[Levantine Assassins]] through the 11th and 12th centuries. The fortress was destroyed in 1256 by the [[Mongol Empire]], after which the region was abandoned.
|image = ACMirage Promotional Screenshot 3.jpg
|description = A stronghold of the Hidden Ones and Assassins
|location = {{Wiki|Alamut}}, {{Wiki|Qazvin province}}, [[Iran]]
|architect =
|dateconstructed = 850s – 865
|datedestroyed = 1256
|abandoned =
|functions = Stronghold
|affiliation = [[Assassins]]
|other factions =
|features =
|price =
|events =
}}
'''Alamut Castle''' was a fortress located in [[Iran|Persia]] which served as a stronghold for the [[Assassins|Hidden Ones]] and later the capital of the [[Levantine Brotherhood of Assassins]] when it became a public state. It was also the site of a [[Alamut Temple|small Isu temple]], which contained dozens of [[Memory Seals]].<ref name="ACRVOGG">''[[Assassin's Creed: Revelations Official Game Guide]]''</ref>
 
The fortress was the parent of several other castles established throughout the mountains of Persia and [[Syria]], most notably [[Masyaf]]. It remained in operation until the [[Mongol Empire]] destroyed it in 1256 in retaliation for [[Darim Ibn-La'Ahad]] and [[Qulan Gal]]'s joint roles in the [[assassination of Genghis Khan]], after which the fortress was abandoned.


==History==
==History==
'''Alamut''' (Persian: الموت‎, transliterated ''Alamūt'') was a mountain fortress located in Alamut region in the South Caspian province of Daylam near the Rudbar region in Iran, approximately 100 km (60 mi) from present-day Tehran. The name means "Eagle's Nest".
===Isu Era===
During the [[Isu Era]], the area where Alamut Castle would eventually be built served as the site of a prison for rogue [[Isu]]. Its sizeable collection of Memory Seals, some of which held the recorded memories of the prison's inmates, weathered the [[Great Catastrophe]] and remaied functioning long after millennia reduced the Alamut Temple to little more than a series of underground ruins, with debris and natural rock formations covering most of its entrances.<ref name="In Pursuit of Truth">''[[Assassin's Creed: Mirage]]'' – [[In Pursuit of Truth]]</ref>
 
===Middle Ages===
====Hidden Ones stronghold====
In the 9th century, the [[Assassins|Hidden Ones]] discovered the ruins of the Alamut Temple. Seeking to protect the site from the [[Order of the Ancients]], they decided to establish a permanent base of operations in the region,<ref name="In Pursuit of Truth" /> setting up a camp in the {{Wiki|Talysh Mountains}}.<ref name="Wiki">{{WP|Alamut Castle}}</ref>


The origins of the Alamut fortress can be traced back to the Justanid ruler, Vahsudan, who, during a hunting trip, witnessed a soaring eagle perch down high on a rock. Realizing the tactical advantage of the location, he chose the site for
[[File:ACMir In Pursuit of Truth 17.png|thumb|250px|left|The entrance to the Alamut Temple underneath the Hidden Ones' stronghold]]
<nowiki> </nowiki>the construction of a fortress, which was called "Aluh āmū[kh]t" likely
In 840, while hunting in the Talysh Mountains, [[Wahsudan ibn Marzuban]] caught sight of an [[eagle]] landing on a nearby rock. He took it as a sign and ordered the construction of what would eventually become the Alamut Castle.<ref name="DB">''[[Assassin's Creed: Mirage]]'' – [[Database: Alamut]]</ref> The Hidden Ones later continued the foundations laid by Wahsudan, seeking to make the fortress their main base. They also formed an uneasy alliance with the [[Tahirids]], who protected the grounds Alamut Castle was being built on.<ref name="A New Beginning">''[[Assassin's Creed: Mirage]]'' – [[A New Beginning]]</ref>
<nowiki> </nowiki>meaning "Eagle's Teaching" or "Nest of Punishment".Alamut remained under Justanid control until the arrival of the Ismaili chief ''da’i'' (missionary) Hasan-i Sabbah to the castle in 1090 AD, marking the start of the Alamut period in Ismaili history.


The fortress of Alamut was, unbeknownst to the Assassins, on the site of a small [[First Civilization]] temple, which contained dozens of [[Memory Seals]].<ref name="ACRVOGG">''[[Assassin's Creed: Revelations]] Official Game Guide''</ref> Under the leadership of [[Hassan-i Sabbāh]], Alamut became the site of intense activity for the [[Assassins]]. During the medieval period, the castle functioned as the major stronghold for the Order.
In 861, as construction of the fortress was nearing completion, the [[Master Assassin]] [[Roshan]] brought a new initiate, [[Basim ibn Ishaq]], to Alamut and trained him in the Brotherhood's ways. Two months into his training, Basim and his fellow Hidden One [[Nur]] spotted a group of [[Mercenary|mercenaries]] while on patrol duty and dispatched them. Deducing that the mercenaries had been sent by the Order to find the location of the Hidden Ones' camp, [[Mentor]] [[Rayhan]] sent Nur to [[Baghdad]] to conduct an investigation.<ref name="A New Beginning" /> When Nur later returned to Alamut wounded, Rayhan assigned Basim, Roshan, and [[Fuladh Al Haami]] to continue his investigation.<ref name="Taking Flight">''[[Assassin's Creed: Mirage]]'' – [[Taking Flight]]</ref>


By 1227, [[Altaïr Ibn-La'Ahad]], his son [[Darim Ibn-La'Ahad|Darim]], his former daughter-in-law, and his grandchildren sought refuge in Alamut, after [[Abbas Sofian]] staged a coup to take over the Assassin Order. Altaïr remained in the fortress for about two decades, during which time he made several discoveries, in addition to creating a number of inventions through the knowledge he gained from the [[Apple of Eden 2|Apple of Eden]].<ref>''[[Assassin's Creed: The Secret Crusade]]''</ref>
After being informed by [[Qabiha]], the [[Ra's Al-Af'a]] of the Order, that the Alamut Temple held the answers to his questions, Basim returned to Alamut to access the temple. However, he arrived in the midst of an attack by the Tahirids, who had ended their protection of Alamut due to a deal made by Baghdad's governor [[Muhammad ibn Tahir]] with the Order. Basim was quickly beset by two Tahirid [[soldier]]s but was rescued by Nur, who had been sent to find reinforcements.<ref name="In Pursuit of Truth" />


Altaïr also discovered the remains of the First Civilization [[Temples|temple]],<ref name="ACRVOGG"/> and took six Memory Seals with him, later using five of them as [[Masyaf Keys|keys]] necessary to open his [[library of Altaïr Ibn-La'Ahad|library]] underneath the fortress of [[Masyaf]].<ref>''[[Assassin's Creed: Revelations]]''</ref>
[[File:ACMir In Pursuit of Truth 3.png|thumb|250px|The Hidden Ones' base under attack]]
With Nur having been mortally wounded, Basim sought to avenge him and killed many of the Tahirid attackers, freeing several captive Hidden Ones in the process. This allowed the Brotherhood to gain the upper hand and repel the remaining soldiers, while Basim continued onwards to the Isu temple. Following a confrontation with Roshan, who tried to stop him, Basim ventured into the temple, where he discovered and embraced his nature as the Isu [[Loki]]'s [[Isu incarnation|incarnation]].<ref name="In Pursuit of Truth" />


In 1256, Assassin control of the fortress was lost to the invading Mongol Empire, and its famous library was destroyed by fire, on the order of Ata-Malik Juwayni, a servant of the Mongol court.
In 879, Fuladh, following his promotion to Mentor of the Hidden Ones in the {{Wiki|Justanids|Justanid region}} of Persia, was set to host a council within the newly constructed fortress of Alamut. Rayhan invited [[Hytham]], Basim's former [[Assassin apprentice|apprentice]] who had started a new Hidden Ones [[British Brotherhood of Assassins|chapter]] in [[England]], to attend the council and provide a full account of Basim's betrayal.<ref>''[[Assassin's Creed: Valhalla]]'' – [[Breaking the Order]]</ref>


In the 18th century, the fortress' ruins were visited by the Assassin [[Edward Kenway]], in his search for First Civilization sites.<ref>''[[Assassin's Creed: Rogue]]''</ref>
====Assassin stronghold====
Under [[Hassan-i Sabbāh]]'s leadership, Alamut became the principal base of the Levantine Brotherhood when he transformed the order into a public state for the first time, in the late 11th century.<ref name="Encyclopedia">''[[Assassin's Creed Encyclopedia]]''</ref> During [[Hassan the Younger]]'s tenure as Mentor, an Assassin later popularly known as [[Al Mualim]] left the castle to establish the fortress at [[Masyaf]] in the [[An-Nusayriyah Mountains]], ostensibly to spread Assassin influence to the [[Levant]].<ref name="AC1 Guide">''[[Assassin's Creed: Official Game Guide]]''</ref> Despite rumors that this was the result of a schism between Hassan and his subordinate,<ref name="AC1 Guide" /> the two continued to co-exist as major strongholds for the Levantine Brotherhood throughout the medieval period.<ref name="The Secret Crusade">''[[Assassin's Creed: The Secret Crusade]]''</ref>


During the medieval
By 1228, [[Altaïr Ibn-La'Ahad]], his son [[Darim Ibn-La'Ahad|Darim]], the wife of his late son [[Sef Ibn-La'Ahad|Sef]], and his grandchildren sought refuge in Alamut after [[Abbas Sofian]] staged a coup to take over the Assassin Order in Masyaf. Altaïr remained in exile in the fortress for almost two decades, during which time he made several discoveries, in addition to creating a number of inventions through knowledge gained from his [[Apple of Eden 2|Apple of Eden]].<ref name="The Secret Crusade" /> Altaïr also discovered the ruins of the Isu temple underneath Alamut,<ref name="ACRVOGG" /> and took six of the Memory Seals he found there with him, later using five of them as the [[Masyaf Key|keys]] to his [[library of Altaïr Ibn-La'Ahad|library]] in Masyaf.<ref>''[[Assassin's Creed: Revelations]]''</ref>
<nowiki> </nowiki>period, Western scholarship on the Ismailis contributed to the popular
view of the community as a radical sect of assassins, believed to be
trained for the precise murder of their adversaries. By the 14th century
<nowiki> </nowiki>AD, European scholarship on the topic had not advanced much beyond the
work and tales from the Crusaders.<sup>[6]:14</sup> The origins of the word forgotten, across Europe the term Assassin had taken the meaning of "professional murderer".<sup>[6]:14</sup> In 1603 the first Western publication on the topic of the Assassins was authored by a court official for King Henry IV and was mainly based on the narratives of Marco Polo (1254–1324) from his visits to the Near East. While he assembled the accounts of many Western travelers, the author failed to explain the etymology of the term Assassin.<sup>[6]:15</sup>


The infamous Assassins were finally linked by orientalists scholar Silvestre de Sacy (d.1838) to the Arabic ''hashish'' using their variant names ''assassini'' and assissini in the 19th century. Citing the example of one of the first written applications of the Arabic term ''hashishi''
In 1256, Assassin control of Alamut was lost to the invading [[Mongol Empire]],<ref name="The Secret Crusade" /> and its famous library was destroyed by fire on the order of {{Wiki|Ata-Malik Juvayni}}, a servant of the Mongol court.<ref name="Wiki"/>
<nowiki> </nowiki>to the Ismailis by historian Abu Shams (d.1267), de Sacy demonstrated
its connection to the name given to the Ismailis throughout Western
scholarship.<sup>[6]:14</sup> Ironically, the first known usage of the term ''hashishi'' has been traced back to 1122 AD when the Fatimid Caliph al-Amir employed it in derogatory reference to the Syrian Nizaris.<sup>[6]:12</sup>
<nowiki> </nowiki>Without accusing the group of utilizing the hashish drug, the caliph
used the term in a pejorative manner. This label was quickly applied by
anti-Ismaili historians to the Ismailis of Syria and Persia.<sup>[6]:13</sup> Used figuratively, the term ''hashish'' i connoted meanings such as outcasts or rabble.<sup>[6]:13</sup>
<nowiki> </nowiki>The spread of the term was further facilitated through military
encounters between the Nizaris and the Crusaders, whose chroniclers
adopted the term and disseminated it across Europe.


The legends of the Assassins had much to do with the training and instruction of Nizari ''fida’is'',
===Modern Era===
<nowiki> </nowiki>famed for their public missions during which they often gave their
In the early 18th century, the [[British Brotherhood of Assassins|British Assassin]] [[Edward Kenway]] visited the ruins of Alamut and its Isu temple as part of his search for Precursor sites around the world.<ref>''[[Assassin's Creed: Rogue]]'' – [[War Letters]]: "Lawrence of America"</ref>
lives to eliminate adversaries. Misinformation from the Crusader
accounts and the works of anti-Ismaili historians have contributed to
the tales of ''fida’is'' being fed with hashish as part of their training.<sup>[9]:21</sup> Whether ''fida’is'' were actually trained or dispatched by Nizari leaders is unconfirmed, but scholars including Wladimir Ivanow
<nowiki> </nowiki>purport that the assassination of key figures including Seljuq vizier
Nizam al-Mulk likely provided encouraging impetus to others in the
community who sought to secure the Nizaris from political aggression.<sup>[9]:21</sup>
<nowiki> </nowiki>In fact, the Seljuqs and Crusaders both employed assassination as a
military means of disposing of factional enemies. Yet during the Alamut
period almost any murder of political significance in the Islamic lands
became attributed to the Ismailis.<sup>[6]:129</sup>
<nowiki> </nowiki>So inflated had this association grown, that in the work of Orientalist
<nowiki> </nowiki>scholars such as Bernard Lewis the Ismailis were virtually equated to
the politically active ''fida’is''. Thus the Nizari Ismaili community was regarded as a radical and heretical sect known as the Assassins.<sup>[12]</sup>
<nowiki> </nowiki>Originally, a "local and popular term" first applied to the Ismailis of
<nowiki> </nowiki>Syria, the label was orally transmitted to Western historians and thus
found itself in their histories of the Nizaris.<sup>[10]</sup>


==Trivia==
==Trivia==
*"Alamut" is a [[Persia]]n word meaning "Eagle's Nest".
*"Alamut" is a [[Persia]]n word meaning "Eagle's Nest". It is also the name of {{Wiki|Alamut (Bartol novel)|the novel}} that partly inspired the first iteration of the ''Assassin's Creed'' franchise.
*Historically, Alamut, not Masyaf, was the last Assassin stronghold to fall to the Mongols after the Assassins' leader {{Wiki|Rukn al-Din Khurshah}} was executed by the Mongols at 1256. In the [[Assassin's Creed (series)|series]]' lore, Masyaf falls in 1257, after Alamut.
*Although Alamut is in Persia, not the Levant, and Al Mualim's split from Hassan the Younger suggests that Alamut and Masyaf may have hosted separate branches, ''[[Assassin's Creed: The Essential Guide]]'' names Hassan-i Sabbah as a Levantine Assassin. This indicates that, at least officially if not in practice, Alamut and Masyaf belonged to the one and same branch, the Levantine Brotherhood.
 
==Gallery==
<gallery captionalign="center" position="center" widths="180">
Assassins-Creed-Early-Concept-Art-Fortress.jpg|Early Concept art for the Alamut Fortress
ACMir Alamut - Concept Art 1.jpg|Concept art
ACMir Alamut - Concept Art 2.jpg|Concept art
ACMir Alamut - Concept Art 3.jpg|Concept art
ACMir Alamut - Concept Art 4.jpg|Concept art
ACMir Alamut - Concept Art 5.jpg|Concept art
ACMir - Map of Alamut.png|A map of Alamut's construction plans
ACMir Map of Alamut Valley.png|A map of Alamut Valley
ACMir A New Beginning 1.png|Basim looking at the Alamut Castle from the valley
ACMir The Last Journey 8.png|Basim and [[Nehal]] arriving at Alamut
ACMir In Pursuit of Truth 78.png|Alamut Castle under construction
</gallery>
 
==Appearances==
*''[[Assassin's Creed: The Secret Crusade]]'' {{1st}}
*''[[Assassin's Creed: Rogue]]'' {{mo}}
*''[[Assassin's Creed: Valhalla]]'' {{mo}}
**''[[Shared History]]'' {{Mo}}
*''[[Echoes of History]]'' {{Mo}}
*''[[Assassin's Creed: Mirage]]''
*''[[Assassin's Creed: Mirage – A Soar of Eagles]]''


==References==
==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{Reflist}}
[[Category:Iran]]
{{ACMir}}
<!--[de:Alamut]
[es:Alamut]
[fa:الموت]
[fr:Alamut]
[hu:Alamut]
[it:Alamut]
[ru:Аламут]
[zh:阿拉穆特]-->
[[Category:Castles]]
[[Category:Forts]]
[[Category:Assassin headquarters]]
[[Category:Assassin headquarters]]
[[Category:Locations in Iran]]

Latest revision as of 01:53, 11 May 2026

Alamut Castle was a fortress located in Persia which served as a stronghold for the Hidden Ones and later the capital of the Levantine Brotherhood of Assassins when it became a public state. It was also the site of a small Isu temple, which contained dozens of Memory Seals.[1]

The fortress was the parent of several other castles established throughout the mountains of Persia and Syria, most notably Masyaf. It remained in operation until the Mongol Empire destroyed it in 1256 in retaliation for Darim Ibn-La'Ahad and Qulan Gal's joint roles in the assassination of Genghis Khan, after which the fortress was abandoned.

History[edit | edit source]

Isu Era[edit | edit source]

During the Isu Era, the area where Alamut Castle would eventually be built served as the site of a prison for rogue Isu. Its sizeable collection of Memory Seals, some of which held the recorded memories of the prison's inmates, weathered the Great Catastrophe and remaied functioning long after millennia reduced the Alamut Temple to little more than a series of underground ruins, with debris and natural rock formations covering most of its entrances.[2]

Middle Ages[edit | edit source]

Hidden Ones stronghold[edit | edit source]

In the 9th century, the Hidden Ones discovered the ruins of the Alamut Temple. Seeking to protect the site from the Order of the Ancients, they decided to establish a permanent base of operations in the region,[2] setting up a camp in the Talysh Mountains.[3]

The entrance to the Alamut Temple underneath the Hidden Ones' stronghold

In 840, while hunting in the Talysh Mountains, Wahsudan ibn Marzuban caught sight of an eagle landing on a nearby rock. He took it as a sign and ordered the construction of what would eventually become the Alamut Castle.[4] The Hidden Ones later continued the foundations laid by Wahsudan, seeking to make the fortress their main base. They also formed an uneasy alliance with the Tahirids, who protected the grounds Alamut Castle was being built on.[5]

In 861, as construction of the fortress was nearing completion, the Master Assassin Roshan brought a new initiate, Basim ibn Ishaq, to Alamut and trained him in the Brotherhood's ways. Two months into his training, Basim and his fellow Hidden One Nur spotted a group of mercenaries while on patrol duty and dispatched them. Deducing that the mercenaries had been sent by the Order to find the location of the Hidden Ones' camp, Mentor Rayhan sent Nur to Baghdad to conduct an investigation.[5] When Nur later returned to Alamut wounded, Rayhan assigned Basim, Roshan, and Fuladh Al Haami to continue his investigation.[6]

After being informed by Qabiha, the Ra's Al-Af'a of the Order, that the Alamut Temple held the answers to his questions, Basim returned to Alamut to access the temple. However, he arrived in the midst of an attack by the Tahirids, who had ended their protection of Alamut due to a deal made by Baghdad's governor Muhammad ibn Tahir with the Order. Basim was quickly beset by two Tahirid soldiers but was rescued by Nur, who had been sent to find reinforcements.[2]

The Hidden Ones' base under attack

With Nur having been mortally wounded, Basim sought to avenge him and killed many of the Tahirid attackers, freeing several captive Hidden Ones in the process. This allowed the Brotherhood to gain the upper hand and repel the remaining soldiers, while Basim continued onwards to the Isu temple. Following a confrontation with Roshan, who tried to stop him, Basim ventured into the temple, where he discovered and embraced his nature as the Isu Loki's incarnation.[2]

In 879, Fuladh, following his promotion to Mentor of the Hidden Ones in the Justanid region of Persia, was set to host a council within the newly constructed fortress of Alamut. Rayhan invited Hytham, Basim's former apprentice who had started a new Hidden Ones chapter in England, to attend the council and provide a full account of Basim's betrayal.[7]

Assassin stronghold[edit | edit source]

Under Hassan-i Sabbāh's leadership, Alamut became the principal base of the Levantine Brotherhood when he transformed the order into a public state for the first time, in the late 11th century.[8] During Hassan the Younger's tenure as Mentor, an Assassin later popularly known as Al Mualim left the castle to establish the fortress at Masyaf in the An-Nusayriyah Mountains, ostensibly to spread Assassin influence to the Levant.[9] Despite rumors that this was the result of a schism between Hassan and his subordinate,[9] the two continued to co-exist as major strongholds for the Levantine Brotherhood throughout the medieval period.[10]

By 1228, Altaïr Ibn-La'Ahad, his son Darim, the wife of his late son Sef, and his grandchildren sought refuge in Alamut after Abbas Sofian staged a coup to take over the Assassin Order in Masyaf. Altaïr remained in exile in the fortress for almost two decades, during which time he made several discoveries, in addition to creating a number of inventions through knowledge gained from his Apple of Eden.[10] Altaïr also discovered the ruins of the Isu temple underneath Alamut,[1] and took six of the Memory Seals he found there with him, later using five of them as the keys to his library in Masyaf.[11]

In 1256, Assassin control of Alamut was lost to the invading Mongol Empire,[10] and its famous library was destroyed by fire on the order of Ata-Malik Juvayni, a servant of the Mongol court.[3]

Modern Era[edit | edit source]

In the early 18th century, the British Assassin Edward Kenway visited the ruins of Alamut and its Isu temple as part of his search for Precursor sites around the world.[12]

Trivia[edit | edit source]

  • "Alamut" is a Persian word meaning "Eagle's Nest". It is also the name of the novel that partly inspired the first iteration of the Assassin's Creed franchise.
  • Historically, Alamut, not Masyaf, was the last Assassin stronghold to fall to the Mongols after the Assassins' leader Rukn al-Din Khurshah was executed by the Mongols at 1256. In the series' lore, Masyaf falls in 1257, after Alamut.
  • Although Alamut is in Persia, not the Levant, and Al Mualim's split from Hassan the Younger suggests that Alamut and Masyaf may have hosted separate branches, Assassin's Creed: The Essential Guide names Hassan-i Sabbah as a Levantine Assassin. This indicates that, at least officially if not in practice, Alamut and Masyaf belonged to the one and same branch, the Levantine Brotherhood.

Gallery[edit | edit source]

Appearances[edit | edit source]

References[edit | edit source]