Baghdad

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Baghdad (Arabic: بَغدَاد) is the capital of Iraq and originally the former capital of the Abbasid Caliphate. During the Abbasid period, it was one of the foremost cultural, intellectual, and economic centers of the world, presiding over the Islamic Golden Age, but this status ended with its decimation^[1] at the hands of Hülegü Khan and the Mongol Empire in 1258.^[2]

History

Parthian Empire

After Khepri completed her initiation as an Egyptian Hidden One, Bayek tasked her with establishing a home for the Hidden Ones in the area where Baghdad would later be founded, an order with which she complied, taking with her part of an Isu dagger.^[3]

Islamic Golden Age

In 819, a young girl Roshan killed her abusive husband and escaped the confines of his ship. Treading through Baghdad, she found herself living at the House of Wisdom.^[4] While there, she found herself being mentored by Sudanese engineer Bakhit, who helped her in her education.^[5] Later, he offered her a job as his assistant, to which she agreed. After months of living at the House of Wisdom, Roshan joined Bakhit towards their new abode in Thatta.^[6]

Around 820, the Persian polymath al-Khwarizmi was appointed as the astronomer and head of the library of the House of Wisdom.^[7] In his later years, one of his students in astronomy and mathematics was Basim Ibn Ishaq, who was a frequent visitor of the library in his youth.^[8]

In 824, a section of the House of Wisdom was closed off for the meeting between the Martyrs of Agaunum and their customer, an agent of the Order of the Ancients. However, a trio of mercenaries, which consisted of Roshan, Roman pirate Dias, and Persian mercenary Azadeh attacked and killed the Martyrs. Their employer, Master Assassin Fuladh Al Haami, came to aid them and killed the customer. After the stranger killed the agent and the case was secured, he looked to and promised Azadeh of curing her father while offered Roshan a place with the Hidden Ones, to which she accepted.^[9]

At the height of the Islamic Golden Age, Thābit ibn Qurra emerged as a leading visionary in the fields of mathematics, mechanical engineering, medicine, astrology, and astronomy. Although born in Harran, he moved to Baghdad and occupied his years with teaching, study, and innovation until his death in 901.^[10]

After Hülegü Khan took the Assassins' citadel of Alamut,^[11]^[12] he continued with his campaign westward, attacking other citadels throughout the Levant in retribution for his grandfather Genghis Khan's murder in 1227 at the hands of the Levantine Assassin Darim Ibn-La'Ahad and the Mongolian Assassin Qulan Gal,^[13] as well as for an attempt on his own life.^[14] After a two-week siege,^[15] the Mongols destroyed Baghdad,^[16] burning its libraries and the House of Wisdom and massacring most of its population, leaving behind only the "young and malleable".^[1]

Modern times

In 1936, archaeologists discovered a set of artifacts that they referred to as the "Baghdad Battery", which unbeknownst to them were Isu power sources that used temporal energy as fuel.^[17]

The Saddam International Airport was developed in 1979, but the Iran-Iraq war delayed its opening until 1982. In April 2003, U.S.-led Coalition forces invaded Iraq and changed the airport's name to Baghdad International Airport.^[18]^[19]

On 4 December 2004, a suicide bomber struck a police station near the main entrance to the Green Zone in Baghdad, resulting in seven fatalities and 50 injuries.^[20] Following the attack, a private military contracted Blackwater MD-530F helicopter assisted in securing the site.^[19]

Geography

The city was divided into four sections: the gardens of the central Round City or Madinat As-Salam, the southeastern trade region of Karkh, the northern industrial Harbiyah, and the western scientific district of Abbasiyah which contained the House of Wisdom.^[21]

Behind the scenes

After being mentioned a number of times throughout the Assassin's Creed series, Baghdad make its first appearance in the 2023 video game Assassin's Creed: Mirage, which features Basim Ibn Ishaq as the main protagonist.