François Duvalier
François Duvalier (1907 – 1971), also known by his nickname Papa Doc, was the President of Haiti from 1957 to his death. He was also affiliated with the Templar Order, though his political regime under their guidance was later crushed when he was killed by the Assassins in 1971.
Biography
Early life
Born in Port-au-Prince in 1907, François Duvalier, son of Duval Duvalier and Ulyssia Abraham, completed a medical degree in 1934 and served as a staff physician. After studying public health at the University of Michigan, he joined a campaign to combat tropical diseases in Haiti. Known as "Papa Doc" by his patients, Duvalier played a significant role in public health, tackling diseases like typhus and malaria.[1]
Political regime
After becoming President in 1957, Duvalier swiftly consolidated power, establishing a paramilitary force known as the Tonton Macoutes to suppress dissent.[1] In 1963, after the success of the Yaws treatment program, Duvalier met with his generals and the Israeli delegate to Haiti, Joel Barromi to discuss it.[2] In 1964, he declared himself "President for Life", concentrating power in his hands. The regime engaged in widespread human rights abuses, including political persecution, torture, and extrajudicial killings. The notorious Papa Doc ruled through fear and manipulated Vodou traditions to instill a sense of mysticism around his regime.[1]
Death
Seemingly dying of his life-long heart disease on 21 April 1971,[1] shortly after his sixty-fourth birthday, Duvalier was in actuality assassinated by the Assassins who opposed his alliance with the Templars—their enemies—and for his tyrannical rule over Haiti.[3] Though the Assassins ended his life, the oppressive regime continued under his son, Jean-Claude Duvalier.[1]
Legacy
Details of Duvalier's assassination were later collected by the Assassin Clay Kaczmarek in 2012, and hidden in the Animus for his successor, Desmond Miles to find. Which he did in September of that year.[4] Desmond solved this puzzle, which was part of a set titled "Guardians" where Duvalier was included in the list of historical individuals assassinated.[3]
Appearances
- Assassin's Creed II (photo only)
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4
François Duvalier on Wikipedia
- ↑ scientificinquirer (1 December 2020). Faces of Cold War Resistance: François “Papa Doc” Duvalier. Cold War Resistance. Archived from the original on 2 December 2020. Retrieved on 1 January 2024.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Assassin's Creed II - Glyph 15: "Guardians"
- ↑ Assassin's Creed: Initiates – The Desmond Files