| <span style="margin:0pt;padding:0pt;color:rgb(51,51,51);font-size:12px;line-height:18px;text-align:justify;font-family:Helvetica;"><span style="margin:0pt;padding:0pt;font-size:small;">The </span><span style="margin:0pt;padding:0pt;font-size:small;">Katipunan</span><span style="margin:0pt;padding:0pt;font-size:small;"> was a Philippine revolutionary society founded by </span></span>[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippines <span style="margin:0pt;padding:0pt;font-family:Helvetica;color:rgb(0,44,184);text-decoration:initial;"><span style="margin:0pt;padding:0pt;font-size:small;">Filipino</span></span>]<span style="margin:0pt;padding:0pt;color:rgb(51,51,51);font-size:12px;line-height:18px;text-align:justify;font-family:Helvetica;"><span style="margin:0pt;padding:0pt;font-size:small;"> anti-Spanish people in </span></span>[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manila <span style="margin:0pt;padding:0pt;font-family:Helvetica;color:rgb(0,44,184);text-decoration:initial;"><span style="margin:0pt;padding:0pt;font-size:small;">Manila</span></span>]<span style="margin:0pt;padding:0pt;color:rgb(51,51,51);font-size:12px;line-height:18px;text-align:justify;font-family:Helvetica;"><span style="margin:0pt;padding:0pt;font-size:small;"> in 1892, which was aimed primarily to gain independence from </span></span>[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spain <span style="margin:0pt;padding:0pt;font-family:Helvetica;color:rgb(0,44,184);text-decoration:initial;"><span style="margin:0pt;padding:0pt;font-size:small;">Spain</span></span>]<span style="margin:0pt;padding:0pt;color:rgb(51,51,51);font-size:12px;line-height:18px;text-align:justify;font-family:Helvetica;"><span style="margin:0pt;padding:0pt;font-size:small;">through </span></span>[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Revolution <span style="margin:0pt;padding:0pt;font-family:Helvetica;color:rgb(0,44,184);text-decoration:initial;"><span style="margin:0pt;padding:0pt;font-size:small;">revolution</span></span>]<span style="margin:0pt;padding:0pt;color:rgb(51,51,51);font-size:12px;line-height:18px;text-align:justify;font-family:Helvetica;"><span style="margin:0pt;padding:0pt;font-size:small;">. The society was initiated by Filipino patriots </span></span>[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andr%C3%A9s_Bonifacio <span style="margin:0pt;padding:0pt;font-family:Helvetica;color:rgb(0,44,184);text-decoration:initial;"><span style="margin:0pt;padding:0pt;font-size:small;">Andrés Bonifacio</span></span>]<span style="margin:0pt;padding:0pt;color:rgb(51,51,51);font-size:12px;line-height:18px;text-align:justify;font-family:Helvetica;"><span style="margin:0pt;padding:0pt;font-size:small;">, </span></span>[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teodoro_Plata <span style="margin:0pt;padding:0pt;font-family:Helvetica;color:rgb(0,44,184);text-decoration:initial;"><span style="margin:0pt;padding:0pt;font-size:small;">Teodoro Plata</span></span>]<span style="margin:0pt;padding:0pt;color:rgb(51,51,51);font-size:12px;line-height:18px;text-align:justify;font-family:Helvetica;"><span style="margin:0pt;padding:0pt;font-size:small;">, </span></span>[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ladislao_Diwa <span style="margin:0pt;padding:0pt;font-family:Helvetica;color:rgb(0,44,184);text-decoration:initial;"><span style="margin:0pt;padding:0pt;font-size:small;">Ladislao Diwa</span></span>]<span style="margin:0pt;padding:0pt;color:rgb(51,51,51);font-size:12px;line-height:18px;text-align:justify;font-family:Helvetica;"><span style="margin:0pt;padding:0pt;font-size:small;">, and others on the night of July 7, when Filipino writer </span></span>[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Rizal <span style="margin:0pt;padding:0pt;font-family:Helvetica;color:rgb(0,44,184);text-decoration:initial;"><span style="margin:0pt;padding:0pt;font-size:small;">José Rizal</span></span>]<span style="margin:0pt;padding:0pt;color:rgb(51,51,51);font-size:12px;line-height:18px;text-align:justify;font-family:Helvetica;"><span style="margin:0pt;padding:0pt;font-size:small;"> was sentenced to banished to </span></span>[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dapitan <span style="margin:0pt;padding:0pt;font-family:Helvetica;color:rgb(0,44,184);text-decoration:initial;"><span style="margin:0pt;padding:0pt;font-size:small;">Dapitan</span></span>]<span style="margin:0pt;padding:0pt;color:rgb(51,51,51);font-size:12px;line-height:18px;text-align:justify;font-family:Helvetica;"><span style="margin:0pt;padding:0pt;font-size:small;">. Initially, Katipunan was a secret organization until its discovery in 1896 that led to the outbreak of </span></span>[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippine_Revolution <span style="margin:0pt;padding:0pt;font-family:Helvetica;color:rgb(0,44,184);text-decoration:initial;"><span style="margin:0pt;padding:0pt;font-size:small;">Philippine Revolution</span></span>]<span style="margin:0pt;padding:0pt;color:rgb(51,51,51);font-size:12px;line-height:18px;text-align:justify;font-family:Helvetica;"><span style="margin:0pt;padding:0pt;font-size:small;">.</span></span><span style="color:rgb(51,51,51);font-family:'lucidasans',arial,sans-serif;font-size:12px;line-height:18px;text-align:justify;"> </span><span style="margin:0pt;padding:0pt;color:rgb(51,51,51);font-size:12px;line-height:18px;text-align:justify;font-family:Helvetica;"><span style="margin:0pt;padding:0pt;font-size:small;">The word </span><span style="margin:0pt;padding:0pt;font-size:small;">"katipunan"</span><span style="margin:0pt;padding:0pt;font-size:small;">(literally means association) came from the root word </span><span style="margin:0pt;padding:0pt;font-size:small;">"tipon"</span><span style="margin:0pt;padding:0pt;font-size:small;">, an indigenous </span></span>[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tagalog_language <span style="margin:0pt;padding:0pt;font-family:Helvetica;color:rgb(0,44,184);text-decoration:initial;"><span style="margin:0pt;padding:0pt;font-size:small;">Tagalog</span></span>]<span style="margin:0pt;padding:0pt;color:rgb(51,51,51);font-size:12px;line-height:18px;text-align:justify;font-family:Helvetica;"><span style="margin:0pt;padding:0pt;font-size:small;"> word, meaning: "society" or "gather together".</span></span>[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katipunan#cite_note-Woods_2006_p.3D43-2 <span style="margin:0pt;padding:0pt;font-family:Helvetica;color:rgb(0,44,184);text-decoration:initial;"><span style="margin:0pt;padding:0pt;font-size:small;">[3</span></span>]]<span style="margin:0pt;padding:0pt;color:rgb(51,51,51);font-size:12px;line-height:18px;text-align:justify;font-family:Helvetica;"><span style="margin:0pt;padding:0pt;font-size:small;"> Its official revolutionary name is </span><span style="margin:0pt;padding:0pt;font-size:small;">Kataas-taasang, Kagalang-galangang Katipunan ng̃ mg̃á Anak ng̃ Bayan</span>[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katipunan%23cite_note-katipunan_answered-0 <span style="margin:0pt;padding:0pt;color:rgb(0,44,184);text-decoration:initial;"><span style="margin:0pt;padding:0pt;font-size:small;">[1</span></span>]</span>]<span style="margin:0pt;padding:0pt;font-size:small;"> (</span>[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_language <span style="margin:0pt;padding:0pt;font-family:Helvetica;color:rgb(0,44,184);text-decoration:initial;"><span style="margin:0pt;padding:0pt;font-size:small;">English</span></span>]<span style="margin:0pt;padding:0pt;color:rgb(51,51,51);font-size:12px;line-height:18px;text-align:justify;font-family:Helvetica;"><span style="margin:0pt;padding:0pt;font-size:small;">: </span><span style="margin:0pt;padding:0pt;font-size:small;">Supreme and Venerable Society of the Children of the Nation</span><span style="margin:0pt;padding:0pt;font-size:small;">, </span></span>[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spanish_language <span style="margin:0pt;padding:0pt;font-family:Helvetica;color:rgb(0,44,184);text-decoration:initial;"><span style="margin:0pt;padding:0pt;font-size:small;">Spanish</span></span>]<span style="margin:0pt;padding:0pt;color:rgb(51,51,51);font-size:12px;line-height:18px;text-align:justify;font-family:Helvetica;"><span style="margin:0pt;padding:0pt;font-size:small;">: </span><span style="margin:0pt;padding:0pt;font-size:small;">Suprema y venerable asociación de los hijos del pueblo</span><span style="margin:0pt;padding:0pt;font-size:small;">). Katipunan is also known by its acronym, </span><span style="margin:0pt;padding:0pt;font-size:small;">K.K.K.</span><span style="margin:0pt;padding:0pt;font-size:small;">.</span></span><span style="color:rgb(51,51,51);font-family:'lucidasans',arial,sans-serif;font-size:12px;line-height:18px;text-align:justify;"> </span><span style="margin:0pt;padding:0pt;color:rgb(51,51,51);font-size:12px;line-height:18px;text-align:justify;font-family:Helvetica;"><span style="margin:0pt;padding:0pt;font-size:small;">Being a </span></span>[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secret_organization <span style="margin:0pt;padding:0pt;font-family:Helvetica;color:rgb(0,44,184);text-decoration:initial;"><span style="margin:0pt;padding:0pt;font-size:small;">secret organization</span></span>]<span style="margin:0pt;padding:0pt;color:rgb(51,51,51);font-size:12px;line-height:18px;text-align:justify;font-family:Helvetica;"><span style="margin:0pt;padding:0pt;font-size:small;">, its members are subjected to utmost secrecy and are expected to abide with the rules established by the society.</span></span>[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katipunan#cite_note-Woods_2006_p.3D43-2 <span style="margin:0pt;padding:0pt;font-family:Helvetica;color:rgb(0,44,184);text-decoration:initial;"><span style="margin:0pt;padding:0pt;font-size:small;">[3</span></span>]]<span style="margin:0pt;padding:0pt;color:rgb(51,51,51);font-size:12px;line-height:18px;text-align:justify;font-family:Helvetica;"><span style="margin:0pt;padding:0pt;font-size:small;"> Aspirant applicants were given standard initiation rites to become members of the society. At first, Katipunan was only open for male Filipinos; not later then, women were accepted in the society.</span></span><span style="color:rgb(51,51,51);font-family:'lucidasans',arial,sans-serif;font-size:12px;line-height:18px;text-align:justify;"> </span><span style="margin:0pt;padding:0pt;color:rgb(51,51,51);font-size:12px;line-height:18px;text-align:justify;font-family:Helvetica;"><span style="margin:0pt;padding:0pt;font-size:small;">The Katipunan has its own publication, </span><span style="margin:0pt;padding:0pt;font-size:small;">Ang Kalayaan</span><span style="margin:0pt;padding:0pt;font-size:small;"> (The Liberty) that had its first and last print on March 1896. Revolutionary ideals and works flourished within the society, and Philippine literature were expanded by its some prominent members.</span></span><span style="color:rgb(51,51,51);font-family:'lucidasans',arial,sans-serif;font-size:12px;line-height:18px;text-align:justify;"> </span><span style="margin:0pt;padding:0pt;color:rgb(51,51,51);font-size:12px;line-height:18px;text-align:justify;font-family:Helvetica;"><span style="margin:0pt;padding:0pt;font-size:small;">In planning the revolution, Bonifacio contacted Rizal for its full-pledged support for the Katipunan in exchange of promising Rizal's liberty from detainment by rescuing him. On May 1896, a delegation was sent to the </span></span>[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emperor_of_Japan <span style="margin:0pt;padding:0pt;font-family:Helvetica;color:rgb(0,44,184);text-decoration:initial;"><span style="margin:0pt;padding:0pt;font-size:small;">Emperor of Japan</span></span>]<span style="margin:0pt;padding:0pt;color:rgb(51,51,51);font-size:12px;line-height:18px;text-align:justify;font-family:Helvetica;"><span style="margin:0pt;padding:0pt;font-size:small;"> to solicit funds and military arms.</span></span><span style="color:rgb(51,51,51);font-family:'lucidasans',arial,sans-serif;font-size:12px;line-height:18px;text-align:justify;"> </span><span style="margin:0pt;padding:0pt;color:rgb(51,51,51);font-size:12px;line-height:18px;text-align:justify;font-family:Helvetica;"><span style="margin:0pt;padding:0pt;font-size:small;">Katipunan's existence was revealed to the Spanish authorities after a member named Teodoro Patiño </span></span><span style="margin:0pt;padding:0pt;color:rgb(51,51,51);font-size:12px;line-height:18px;text-align:justify;font-family:Cambria;">[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Confession#Christianity <span style="margin:0pt;padding:0pt;font-family:Helvetica;color:rgb(0,44,184);text-decoration:initial;"><span style="margin:0pt;padding:0pt;font-size:small;">confessed</span></span>]</span><span style="margin:0pt;padding:0pt;color:rgb(51,51,51);font-size:12px;line-height:18px;text-align:justify;font-family:Helvetica;"><span style="margin:0pt;padding:0pt;font-size:small;"> Katipunan's illegal activities to his sister the mother portress of </span></span><span style="margin:0pt;padding:0pt;color:rgb(51,51,51);font-size:12px;line-height:18px;text-align:justify;font-family:Cambria;">[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandaluyong <span style="margin:0pt;padding:0pt;font-family:Helvetica;color:rgb(0,44,184);text-decoration:initial;"><span style="margin:0pt;padding:0pt;font-size:small;">Mandaluyong</span></span>]</span><span style="margin:0pt;padding:0pt;color:rgb(51,51,51);font-size:12px;line-height:18px;text-align:justify;font-family:Helvetica;"><span style="margin:0pt;padding:0pt;font-size:small;"> Orphanage. Seven days after the wrong turn of history, on August 26, 1896, Bonifacio and his men tore their </span></span><span style="margin:0pt;padding:0pt;color:rgb(51,51,51);font-size:12px;line-height:18px;text-align:justify;font-family:Cambria;">[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Community_Tax_Certificate <span style="margin:0pt;padding:0pt;font-family:Helvetica;color:rgb(0,44,184);text-decoration:initial;"><span style="margin:0pt;padding:0pt;font-size:small;">cedúlas</span></span>]</span><span style="margin:0pt;padding:0pt;color:rgb(51,51,51);font-size:12px;line-height:18px;text-align:justify;font-family:Helvetica;"><span style="margin:0pt;padding:0pt;font-size:small;"> during the infamous </span></span><span style="margin:0pt;padding:0pt;color:rgb(51,51,51);font-size:12px;line-height:18px;text-align:justify;font-family:Cambria;">[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cry_of_Balintawak <span style="margin:0pt;padding:0pt;font-family:Helvetica;color:rgb(0,44,184);text-decoration:initial;"><span style="margin:0pt;padding:0pt;font-size:small;">Cry of Balintawak</span></span>]</span><span style="margin:0pt;padding:0pt;color:rgb(51,51,51);font-size:12px;line-height:18px;text-align:justify;font-family:Helvetica;"><span style="margin:0pt;padding:0pt;font-size:small;"> that started </span></span><span style="margin:0pt;padding:0pt;color:rgb(51,51,51);font-size:12px;line-height:18px;text-align:justify;font-family:Cambria;"><span style="margin:0pt;padding:0pt;font-family:Helvetica;color:rgb(0,44,184);"><span style="margin:0pt;padding:0pt;font-size:small;">[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippine_Revolution Philippine Revolution]</span></span></span><span style="color:rgb(51,51,51);font-family:'lucidasans',arial,sans-serif;font-size:12px;line-height:18px;text-align:justify;"> </span>
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