Republic of China: Difference between revisions
imported>Isaac2110 No edit summary |
m Text replacement - "\[\[zh:(.+)\]\]" to "<!--[zh:$1]-->" |
||
| (26 intermediate revisions by 10 users not shown) | |||
| Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
{{Era| | {{Era|Organizations}}{{WP-REAL}} | ||
{{WP-REAL}} | {{Regime Infobox | ||
{{ | |title1= | ||
{{ | |image1= | ||
| | |caption1= | ||
| | |capital= {{wiki|Taipei}} {{c|current}}<br>[[Beijing]] {{c|1912–1928}}<br>[[Nanjing]] {{c|1927–1949}} | ||
| | |government= Semi-presidential republic | ||
| | |head_of_state= President | ||
| | |head_of_government= Premier | ||
| | |legislature= | ||
''' | |military= | ||
|ruling_house= | |||
|affiliation= | |||
|nation= [[China]]<br>{{wiki|Taiwan}} | |||
|languages= {{Wiki|Taiwanese Mandarin|Mandarin}}<br>{{wiki|Taiwanese Hokkien|Hokkien}}<br>{{wiki|Hakka Chinese|Hakka}}<br>{{Wiki|Formosan languages}} | |||
|religion= | |||
|demonym= Taiwanese | |||
|major_cities= | |||
|population= | |||
|currency= | |||
|founder(s)= [[Sun Yat-sen]] | |||
|date_founded= 1912 | |||
|date_dissolved= | |||
|last_ruler= | |||
}} | |||
The '''Republic of China''' ('''ROC'''), commonly known as '''Taiwan''', is a sovereign state in [[Asia|East Asia]] presently based on the {{wiki|Geography of Taiwan|island of Taiwan}} off the coast of [[China]]. | |||
==History== | |||
The Republic of China was originally founded on 1 January 1912 by Chinese revolutionaries who had overthrown the [[Qing dynasty|Qing]], the last imperial dynasty of China, to replace it with a liberal democratic republic. Chief among these revolutionary groups was the [[Kuomintang|Nationalist Party]] (KMT) led by [[Sun Yat-sen]], but the nation [[Warlord Era|fragmented into competing military cliques]] shortly after its establishment. With each clique effectively ruling its own state while vying for international recognition as the legitimate Republic of China, the actual state with continuity to the present republic was based in the south and governed by the KMT.<ref name="Mitter 2016 ch.2">Mitter, Rana. (2016). "The Old Order and the New". In ''Modern China: A Very Short Introduction''. 2nd edition. Oxford: Oxford University Press, pp. 17–38. </ref> Under Sun's successor, [[Chiang Kai-shek]], the KMT made a strong [[Northern Expedition|push north]] to reunify the country, reaching [[Shanghai]] in 1927 where Chiang spontaneously turned against his [[communism|communist]] allies and [[Shanghai massacre of 1927|massacred]] its [[civilians|civilian]] supporters in the streets.<ref name="Templars 3">''[[Assassin's Creed: Templars]]'' – [[Assassin's Creed: Templars 3|Issue #003]]</ref> | |||
This pivotal decision led to the split with the {{wiki|Communist Party of China}} (CCP) that ignited the {{wiki|Chinese Civil War}}.<ref name="Black Cross">''[[Assassin's Creed: Templars – Volume 1: Black Cross]]''</ref> Confronted by certain defeat in 1949, the KMT retreated to Taiwan, where they reestablished the ROC government while the CCP proclaimed the {{wiki|People's Republic of China}} (PRC).<ref name="Mitter 2016 ch.3">Mitter, Rana. (2016). "Making China Modern". In ''Modern China: A Very Short Introduction''. 2nd edition. Oxford: Oxford University Press, pp. 39–70.</ref> Despite the PRC's subsequent failure to conquer Taiwan and extinguish the ROC,<ref name="Shambaugh 2020">Shambaugh, David. (2020). "China's Long March to Global Power". In ''China and the World''. Edited by David Shambaugh. Oxford: Oxford University Press, pp. 3–21.</ref> it claims to this day to have sovereignty over Taiwan. Likewise, the ROC continues to constitutionally claim sovereignty over China as its rightful government, a position that was historically imposed by the KMT in the face of a popular evolution towards the emergence of a Taiwanese nation. | |||
==Appearances== | |||
*''[[Assassin's Creed: Templars]]'' | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{Reflist}} | {{Reflist}} | ||
{{ | {{ACTemplars}} | ||
<!--[zh:中华民国]--> | |||
[[Category:Countries in Asia]] | [[Category:Countries in Asia]] | ||
[[Category:Chinese governments]] | |||
Latest revision as of 03:32, 14 May 2026
The Republic of China (ROC), commonly known as Taiwan, is a sovereign state in East Asia presently based on the island of Taiwan off the coast of China.
History[edit | edit source]
The Republic of China was originally founded on 1 January 1912 by Chinese revolutionaries who had overthrown the Qing, the last imperial dynasty of China, to replace it with a liberal democratic republic. Chief among these revolutionary groups was the Nationalist Party (KMT) led by Sun Yat-sen, but the nation fragmented into competing military cliques shortly after its establishment. With each clique effectively ruling its own state while vying for international recognition as the legitimate Republic of China, the actual state with continuity to the present republic was based in the south and governed by the KMT.[1] Under Sun's successor, Chiang Kai-shek, the KMT made a strong push north to reunify the country, reaching Shanghai in 1927 where Chiang spontaneously turned against his communist allies and massacred its civilian supporters in the streets.[2]
This pivotal decision led to the split with the Communist Party of China (CCP) that ignited the Chinese Civil War.[3] Confronted by certain defeat in 1949, the KMT retreated to Taiwan, where they reestablished the ROC government while the CCP proclaimed the People's Republic of China (PRC).[4] Despite the PRC's subsequent failure to conquer Taiwan and extinguish the ROC,[5] it claims to this day to have sovereignty over Taiwan. Likewise, the ROC continues to constitutionally claim sovereignty over China as its rightful government, a position that was historically imposed by the KMT in the face of a popular evolution towards the emergence of a Taiwanese nation.
Appearances[edit | edit source]
References[edit | edit source]
- ↑ Mitter, Rana. (2016). "The Old Order and the New". In Modern China: A Very Short Introduction. 2nd edition. Oxford: Oxford University Press, pp. 17–38.
- ↑ Assassin's Creed: Templars – Issue #003
- ↑ Assassin's Creed: Templars – Volume 1: Black Cross
- ↑ Mitter, Rana. (2016). "Making China Modern". In Modern China: A Very Short Introduction. 2nd edition. Oxford: Oxford University Press, pp. 39–70.
- ↑ Shambaugh, David. (2020). "China's Long March to Global Power". In China and the World. Edited by David Shambaugh. Oxford: Oxford University Press, pp. 3–21.
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||