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Battle of Changshan

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The Battle of Changshan in February 756[1][2] was a punitive attack on the Tang loyalist city of Changshan by Shi Siming as part of the An Lushan Rebellion. Changshan, governed by Grand Protector Yan Gaoqing, had nominally submitted to the forces of An Lushan like the other commanderies of Hebei Circuit[4][5] when the jiedushi rebelled against the Tang on 16 December 755 from his base at Fanyang.[3][6][7] In reality, Gaoqing had been covertly orchestrating a counter-rebellion across Hebei, with the aim of striking Lushan's main army from the rear flank while he campaigned along the Yellow River.[8]

To coordinate this strategy, secret communications had been sent to General Gao Xianzhi, then commanding the Army of Heavenly Warriors that was defending Tong Pass from Lushan.[8] Because it required opening a channel through Taiyuan to enable the two forces to link up,[8] the Changshan militia staged a surprise attack on Tumen Pass on 28 January 756,[6][9] in the process making known their resistance against Lushan.[10] That operation had been a critical success, for it resulted in the deaths of the three Yeluohe commanding officers Gao Miao, Li Qincou, and He Qiannian,[10][11] but they now had to contend with Shi Siming, who guarded Hebei for Lushan with his Lulong Army.[12] Well aware that they would not be able to withstand Siming's retaliation, Changshan's hope lay in reinforcements from Tong Pass.[10]

These reinforcements never arrived because Wang Chengye, the Tang general dispatched to meet with Changshan's agent Li E in Taiyuan, was a mole for the Golden Turtles.[13] This secret organization manipulated the imperial court for their own ends and decided to sabotage Tang resistance efforts,[13] leading to Li E's capture,[14] the execution of Gao Xianzhi and his lieutenant Feng Changqing,[15][16] and the abandonment of Changshan.[17]

Changshan came under assault by the Lulong Army on 10 February 756.[1] With no help forthcoming,[17] the defence collapsed after a three-day siege.[2] Gaoqing was captured by Shi Siming while his son, Yan Jiming, was initially among a group of six survivors fleeing the battle.[18] Unwilling to abandon his father, however,[18] Jiming returned to confront Siming alone and was taken prisoner as well after losing a duel.[19] The two would eventually be sent to Luoyang, the capital of the new imperial state of Yan proclaimed by Lushan, to be executed.[20] Seeking to avenge them, the group of six Jiming had been with would go on to join Li E as Assassins alongside Jiming's widow He Hong'er[21] and play an instrumental role in both the Mawei Station mutiny that purged the Golden Turtles[22] and the assassination of An Lushan.[20]

Appearances

References

  1. 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Liu Xiu. (945). Old Book of Tang. "An Lushan (& his son Qingxu), Gao Shang, Sun Xiaozhe, Shi Siming (& his son Chaoyi)". Scroll 200, part 1/2, line 28. Accessed 19 June 2023. https://ctext.org/wiki.pl?if=gb&chapter=944936#p29.
  2. 2.0 2.1 2.2 Ouyang Xiu, et al. (1060). New Book of Tang. "Royal Annal 5: Ruizong and Xuanzong". Scroll 5, line 54. Accessed 20 June 2023. https://ctext.org/wiki.pl?if=gb&chapter=566908#p54.
  3. 3.0 3.1 兩千年中西曆轉換 [Two Thousand Years Chinese–Western Calendar Converter]. Academia Sinica Center for Digital Cultures. Accessed 20 June 2023. https://sinocal.sinica.edu.tw.
  4. Assassin's Creed: DynastyBeacon Fire (Part 4)
  5. Assassin's Creed: DynastyBeacon Fire (Part 5)
  6. 6.0 6.1 Assassin's Creed: DynastyRecord of Major Events in Tianbao Year 14
  7. Sima Guang. (1084). Zizhi Tongjian. Scroll 217, line 36. Accessed 19 June 2023. https://ctext.org/wiki.pl?if=gb&chapter=233207#p37
  8. 8.0 8.1 8.2 Assassin's Creed: DynastyGolden Turtles (Part 5)
  9. Liu Xiu. (945). Old Book of Tang. Scroll 194, line 36. Accessed 20 June 2023. https://ctext.org/wiki.pl?if=gbchapter=402785#p37.
  10. 10.0 10.1 10.2 Assassin's Creed: DynastyGolden Turtles (Part 8)
  11. Assassin's Creed: DynastyGolden Turtles (Part 7)
  12. Assassin's Creed: DynastyBeacon Fire (Part 3)
  13. 13.0 13.1 Assassin's Creed: DynastyThe Last Stand of Justice (Part 2)
  14. Assassin's Creed: DynastyThe Last Stand of Justice (Part 3)
  15. Assassin's Creed: DynastyThe Last Stand of Justice (Part 5)
  16. Assassin's Creed: DynastyThe Last Stand of Justice (Part 6)
  17. 17.0 17.1 Assassin's Creed: DynastyThe Last Stand of Justice (Part 4)
  18. 18.0 18.1 Assassin's Creed: DynastyThe Last Stand of Justice (Part 6)
  19. Assassin's Creed: DynastyThe Last Stand of Justice (Part 7)
  20. 20.0 20.1 Assassin's Creed: DynastyFinale: Assassination
  21. Assassin's Creed: DynastyThe Hidden Ones (Part 3)
  22. Assassin's Creed: DynastyThe Hidden Ones (Part 5)

zh:常山之战