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The '''Alexandrine Civil War '''was a battle for power and the Egyptian throne between [[Cleopatra|Cleopatra VII]] and [[Ptolemy XIII]].
{{War_Infobox
|prev = [[Peloponnesian War]]
|conc =
|next = [[Third Crusade]]
|name = Alexandrine Civil War
|image =
|begin = 49 BCE
|end = 47 BCE
|place = [[Ptolemaic Kingdom]]
|result =
*[[Cleopatra]] and [[Rome|Roman]] victory
*Cleopatra becomes sole pharaoh of [[Egypt]]
|battles =
*[[Siege of Alexandria]]
*[[Battle of the Nile]]
|side1 = Cleopatra's and Caesar's army
|side2 = Ptolemaic forces
|commanders1 =
*[[Cleopatra]]
*[[Julius Caesar]]
|commanders2 =
*[[Ptolemy XIII]]
*[[Achillas]]
*[[Ganymedes]]
|commanders3 =
|commanders4 =
}}
The '''Alexandrine Civil War''' was a civil war fought between [[Cleopatra]] and his brother and co-ruler [[Ptolemy XIII]] for the [[Egypt]]ian throne.


Ptolemy XIII and [[Pothinus]] managed to force Cleopatra to flee to [[Syria]], but she soon organized her own army and a civil war began in Egypt.  
==History==
In 49 BCE, the [[Order of the Ancients]] manipulated Ptolemy XII to exile his sister Cleopatra
from Egypt, desiring to seize power for themselves.<ref>''[[Assassin's Creed Origins: Official Game Guide]]''</ref> Cleopatra, with the help with her follower [[Apollodorus]], was able to escape [[Alexandria]] through the canals, preventing her capture.<ref name="ACO">''[[Assassin's Creed: Origins]]''</ref>


At this point, defeated Roman general [[Pompey the Great]] came to Egypt seeking refuge from his pursuing rival [[Julius Caesar]]. Initially, Ptolemy XIII pretended to have accepted his request, but on September 29, 48 BC, he had the general murdered in hopes of winning favor with Caesar when the victorious general arrived. When Caesar arrived he was presented with the head of his deceased rival and former ally, but reportedly, instead of being pleased, Caesar reacted with disgust and ordered that Pompey's body be located and given a proper Roman funeral. Cleopatra VII proved more successful in winning Caesar's favor and became his lover. Caesar arranged the execution of Pothinus and the official return to the throne of Cleopatra VII, though she had never officially abdicated her marriage to Ptolemy XIII.
The following year, Cleopatra began working with her followers to regain enough power and challenge her brother for the throne. With aid from her agent [[Aya]], and her husband, the [[Medjay]] [[Bayek]] of [[Siwa]], they were able to eliminate Order of the Ancients one by one to diminish their influence in the country.<ref name="ACO" /> At the same, Cleopatra was able to secure an alliance with the [[Rome|Roman]] general [[Pompey]], who fled from Rome during the {{Wiki|Roman Civil War}}.<ref>''Assassin's Creed: Origins'' – [[Pompeius Magnus]]</ref>


Still determined to depose Cleopatra VII, Ptolemy XIII allied himself with Arsinoe IV. Jointly, they organized the factions of the army loyal to them against those loyal to Cleopatra VII and the relatively small part of his army that had accompanied Caesar to Egypt. The battle between the warring factions occurred in mid-December 48 BC [[Siege of Alexandria|inside Alexandria itself]], which suffered serious damage as a result.
Still determined to depose Cleopatra, Ptolemy XIII allied himself with Arsinoe IV. Jointly, they organized the factions of the army loyal to them against those loyal to Cleopatra VII and the relatively small part of his army that had accompanied Caesar to Egypt. The battle between the warring factions occurred in mid-December 48 BCE [[Siege of Alexandria|inside Alexandria itself]], which suffered serious damage as a result.{{Cite}}


Upon the arrival of Roman reinforcements, the [[Battle of the Nile]] ensued and resulted in a victory for Caesar and Cleopatra, forcing Ptolemy XIII to flee the city. Ptolemy XIII reportedly drowned on January 13, 47 BC while attempting to cross the Nile. Whether he was attempting to flee or was seeking negotiations remains uncertain from sources of the time. Cleopatra VII remained the unchallenged ruler of Egypt, although she named their younger brother Ptolemy XIV of Egypt her new co-ruler.
In the [[Battle of the Nile]], Cleopatra and Caesar won a decisive battle against Ptolemy's army, resulting in the deaths of Ptolemy himself and Pothinus. Cleopatra was thus declared the sole and unchallenged ruler of Egypt.<ref>''Assassin's Creed: Origins'' – [[The Battle of the Nile]]</ref>
 
==Appearances==
*''[[Assassin's Creed: Origins]]''
 
==References==
{{Reflist}}
[[Category:Wars]]
[[Category:Wars]]

Revision as of 18:09, 17 August 2019

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The Alexandrine Civil War was a civil war fought between Cleopatra and his brother and co-ruler Ptolemy XIII for the Egyptian throne.

History

In 49 BCE, the Order of the Ancients manipulated Ptolemy XII to exile his sister Cleopatra

from Egypt, desiring to seize power for themselves.[1] Cleopatra, with the help with her follower Apollodorus, was able to escape Alexandria through the canals, preventing her capture.[2]

The following year, Cleopatra began working with her followers to regain enough power and challenge her brother for the throne. With aid from her agent Aya, and her husband, the Medjay Bayek of Siwa, they were able to eliminate Order of the Ancients one by one to diminish their influence in the country.[2] At the same, Cleopatra was able to secure an alliance with the Roman general Pompey, who fled from Rome during the Roman Civil War.[3]

Still determined to depose Cleopatra, Ptolemy XIII allied himself with Arsinoe IV. Jointly, they organized the factions of the army loyal to them against those loyal to Cleopatra VII and the relatively small part of his army that had accompanied Caesar to Egypt. The battle between the warring factions occurred in mid-December 48 BCE inside Alexandria itself, which suffered serious damage as a result. [citation needed]

In the Battle of the Nile, Cleopatra and Caesar won a decisive battle against Ptolemy's army, resulting in the deaths of Ptolemy himself and Pothinus. Cleopatra was thus declared the sole and unchallenged ruler of Egypt.[4]

Appearances

References