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Of all vertebrates, they are the oldest, most structurally simple, and most wide-ranging in terms of species,<ref name="Castro & Huber 2013" /> with 24,000 to at least 30,000 known to [[human]]s.<ref name="Levinton 2014" /><ref name="Castro & Huber 2013" /> Because of their ubiquity to marine ecosystems,<ref name="Levinton 2014" /> they are the most economically significant aquatic life-form and are a vital food source for millions of people around the [[Earth|world]].<ref name="Castro & Huber 2013" /> Despite challenges to classifying such a diverse group,<ref name="Castro & Huber 2013" /> they are traditionally divided into {{wiki|Chondrichthyes|cartilaginous fishes}}, which have skeletons made of cartilage;<ref name="Levinton 2014" /><ref name="Castro & Huber 2013" /> {{wiki|Osteichthyes|bony fishes}}, which have true bony skeletons;<ref name="Levinton 2014" /><ref name="Castro & Huber 2013" /> and {{wiki|Agnatha|jawless fishes}}, which are the most primitive of fishes but are rejected as vertebrates by some scientists.<ref name="Castro & Huber 2013" /><ref name="UC Berkeley" /> [[Shark]]s are a prominent group of cartilaginous fishes.<ref name="Castro & Huber 2013" />
Of all vertebrates, they are the oldest, most structurally simple, and most wide-ranging in terms of species,<ref name="Castro & Huber 2013" /> with 24,000 to at least 30,000 known to [[human]]s.<ref name="Levinton 2014" /><ref name="Castro & Huber 2013" /> Because of their ubiquity to marine ecosystems,<ref name="Levinton 2014" /> they are the most economically significant aquatic life-form and are a vital food source for millions of people around the [[Earth|world]].<ref name="Castro & Huber 2013" /> Despite challenges to classifying such a diverse group,<ref name="Castro & Huber 2013" /> they are traditionally divided into {{wiki|Chondrichthyes|cartilaginous fishes}}, which have skeletons made of cartilage;<ref name="Levinton 2014" /><ref name="Castro & Huber 2013" /> {{wiki|Osteichthyes|bony fishes}}, which have true bony skeletons;<ref name="Levinton 2014" /><ref name="Castro & Huber 2013" /> and {{wiki|Agnatha|jawless fishes}}, which are the most primitive of fishes but are rejected as vertebrates by some scientists.<ref name="Castro & Huber 2013" /><ref name="UC Berkeley" /> [[Shark]]s are a prominent group of cartilaginous fishes.<ref name="Castro & Huber 2013" />


==Cartilaginous fishes==
==History==
In the 870s, [[Eivor Varinsdottir]] caught a variety of fish, both to fulfill requests for the [[Fishing Hut]] at [[Ravensthorpe]] and to give as offerings at certain altars, such as [[Nymdesfelda]] and [[Elisdon Altar]].<ref>''[[Assassin's Creed: Valhalla]]''</ref>
 
==Examples of fishes==
===Cartilaginous fishes===
<gallery captionalign="center" position="center" spacing="small" widths="180">
<gallery captionalign="center" position="center" spacing="small" widths="180">
AC4DB - Bull Shark.png|link=Bull shark|'''[[Bull shark]]'''<br>''{{c|Carcharhinus leucas}}''
AC4DB - Bull Shark.png|link=Bull shark|'''[[Bull shark]]'''<br>''{{c|Carcharhinus leucas}}''
Line 14: Line 18:
</gallery>
</gallery>


==Bony fishes==
===Bony fishes===
<gallery captionalign="center" position="center" spacing="small" widths="180">
<gallery captionalign="center" position="center" spacing="small" widths="180">
Wiki noimage.jpg|'''Acadian redfish'''<br>''{{c|Sebastes fasciatus}}''
Wiki noimage.jpg|'''Acadian redfish'''<br>''{{c|Sebastes fasciatus}}''
Wiki noimage.jpg|'''Allis Shad'''<br>''{{c|Alosa alosa}}''
Wiki noimage.jpg|'''Allis Shad'''<br>''{{c|Alosa alosa}}''
Wiki noimage.jpg|'''Arctic char'''<br>''{{c|alvelinus alpinus}}''
Wiki noimage.jpg|'''Arctic char'''<br>''{{c|Alvelinus alpinus}}''
BonitoACP.png|'''Atlantic bonito'''<br>''{{c|Sarda sarda}}''
BonitoACP.png|'''Atlantic bonito'''<br>''{{c|Sarda sarda}}''
Wiki noimage.jpg|'''Atlantic Cod'''<br>''{{c|Gadus morhua}}''
Wiki noimage.jpg|'''Atlantic Cod'''<br>''{{c|Gadus morhua}}''
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OceanSurgeonfishACP.png|'''Ocean Surgeon'''<br>''{{c|Acanthurus bahianus}}''
OceanSurgeonfishACP.png|'''Ocean Surgeon'''<br>''{{c|Acanthurus bahianus}}''
ACOD Fresh Fish.png|'''Sardine'''<br>''{{c|Sardina pilchardus}}''
ACOD Fresh Fish.png|'''Sardine'''<br>''{{c|Sardina pilchardus}}''
SergeantMajorACP.png|'''Sergeant Major'''<br>''{{c|Abudefduf saxatilis)}}''
SergeantMajorACP.png|'''Sergeant Major'''<br>''{{c|Abudefduf saxatilis}}''
Wiki noimage.jpg|'''Silver Hake'''<br>''{{c|Merluccius bilinearis}}''
Wiki noimage.jpg|'''Silver Hake'''<br>''{{c|Merluccius bilinearis}}''
ACV Swordfish.png|link=Swordfish (great sword)|'''[[Swordfish (great sword)|Swordfish]]'''<br>''{{c|Xiphias gladius}}''
ACV Swordfish.png|link=Swordfish (great sword)|'''[[Swordfish (great sword)|Swordfish]]'''<br>''{{c|Xiphias gladius}}''

Revision as of 16:22, 19 January 2023

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Fish swimming around underwater.

Fish are aquatic vertebrate animals[1][2] commonly defined by the presence of a cranium,[3][4] fins for locomotion in place of limbs,[1][5] and gills to breathe underwater.[5]

Of all vertebrates, they are the oldest, most structurally simple, and most wide-ranging in terms of species,[2] with 24,000 to at least 30,000 known to humans.[1][2] Because of their ubiquity to marine ecosystems,[1] they are the most economically significant aquatic life-form and are a vital food source for millions of people around the world.[2] Despite challenges to classifying such a diverse group,[2] they are traditionally divided into cartilaginous fishes, which have skeletons made of cartilage;[1][2] bony fishes, which have true bony skeletons;[1][2] and jawless fishes, which are the most primitive of fishes but are rejected as vertebrates by some scientists.[2][4] Sharks are a prominent group of cartilaginous fishes.[2]

History

In the 870s, Eivor Varinsdottir caught a variety of fish, both to fulfill requests for the Fishing Hut at Ravensthorpe and to give as offerings at certain altars, such as Nymdesfelda and Elisdon Altar.[6]

Examples of fishes

Cartilaginous fishes

Bony fishes

  • Acadian redfish (Sebastes fasciatus)
    Acadian redfish
    (Sebastes fasciatus)
  • Allis Shad (Alosa alosa)
    Allis Shad
    (Alosa alosa)
  • Arctic char (Alvelinus alpinus)
    Arctic char
    (Alvelinus alpinus)
  • Atlantic bonito (Sarda sarda)
    Atlantic bonito
    (Sarda sarda)
  • Atlantic Cod (Gadus morhua)
    Atlantic Cod
    (Gadus morhua)
  • Atlantic goliath grouper (Epinephelus itajara)
    Atlantic goliath grouper
    (Epinephelus itajara)
  • Atlantic Halibut (Hippoglossus hippoglossus)
    Atlantic Halibut
    (Hippoglossus hippoglossus)
  • Atlantic Mackerel (Scomber scombrus)
    Atlantic Mackerel
    (Scomber scombrus)
  • Atlantic Pollock (Pollachius pollachius)
    Atlantic Pollock
    (Pollachius pollachius)
  • Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar)
    Atlantic salmon
    (Salmo salar)
  • Atlantic sturgeon (Acipenser oxyrinchus oxyrinchus)
    Atlantic sturgeon
    (Acipenser oxyrinchus oxyrinchus)
  • Atlantic trumpetfish (Aulostomus strigosus)
    Atlantic trumpetfish
    (Aulostomus strigosus)
  • Blue Tang (Paracanthurus hepatus)
    Blue Tang
    (Paracanthurus hepatus)
  • Bream (Abramis brama)
    Bream
    (Abramis brama)
  • Brown bullhead (Ameiurus nebulosus)
    Brown bullhead
    (Ameiurus nebulosus)
  • Brown Trout (Salmo trutta)
    Brown Trout
    (Salmo trutta)
  • Burbot (Lota lota)
    Burbot
    (Lota lota)
  • European Eel (Anguilla anguilla)
    European Eel
    (Anguilla anguilla)
  • grey trout (Salvelinus namaycush)
    grey trout
    (Salvelinus namaycush)
  • Haddock (Melanogrammus aeglefinus)
    Haddock
    (Melanogrammus aeglefinus)
  • Honeycomb cowfish (Acanthostracion polygonius)
    Honeycomb cowfish
    (Acanthostracion polygonius)
  • Green moray Eel (Gymnothorax funebris)
    Green moray Eel
    (Gymnothorax funebris)
  • Nassau grouper (Epinephelus striatus)
    Nassau grouper
    (Epinephelus striatus)
  • Ocean Surgeon (Acanthurus bahianus)
    Ocean Surgeon
    (Acanthurus bahianus)
  • Sardine (Sardina pilchardus)
    Sardine
    (Sardina pilchardus)
  • Sergeant Major (Abudefduf saxatilis)
    Sergeant Major
    (Abudefduf saxatilis)
  • Silver Hake (Merluccius bilinearis)
    Silver Hake
    (Merluccius bilinearis)
  • Swordfish (Xiphias gladius)
    Swordfish
    (Xiphias gladius)
  • Turbot Flatfish (Scophthalmus maximus)
    Turbot Flatfish
    (Scophthalmus maximus)
  • Yellow perch (Perca flavescens)
    Yellow perch
    (Perca flavescens)

Appearances

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 Levinton, Jeffrey S. (2014) "Marine Vertebrates and Other Nekton". Marine Biology: Function, Biodiversity, Ecology. 4th ed. Oxford: Oxford University Press, pp. 162–197.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.8 Castro, Peter and Huber, Michael. (2013) "Marine Fishes". Marine Biology. 9th ed. New York: McGraw-Hill, pp. 150–176.
  3. ↑ "Fish". Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary. Merriam-Webster, Inc. Accessed 18 January 2013.
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 "A Fisheye View of the Tree of Life – What is a fish?". Understanding Evolution. University of California Museum of Paleontology. Accessed 18 January 2023.
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 "What is a Fish?". Exploring Our Fluid Earth. University of Hawaii at Mānoa. Accessed 18 January 2023.
  6. ↑ Assassin's Creed: Valhalla
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