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'''Limestone''' is a sedimentary rock of the material lime and was primarily used as a major material in structures and valuables. Used as a foundation mineral, limestones were mainly utilized in construction from the times of [[Egypt|Ancient Egypt]] to the 19th century.<ref>{{WP|Limestone}}</ref>
[[File:ACO Limestone Quarry.png|250px|thumb|alt=The ground is of beige sedimentary rock, cut out to various heights. A bridge in the foreground crosses over a cut out path going towards the background. Behind it is a larger pit, with additional buildings and scaffolding on multiple levels.|A limestone quarry in ancient Greece.]]
'''Limestone''' is a type of sedimentary rock formed primarily by organic remains like shells or coral.<ref name="Merriam-Webster">{{Cite web|url=https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/limestone|title=Limestone|author={{Wiki|Merriam-Webster}}|publisher=Merriam-Webster|accessdate=7 November 2022}}</ref> As the chief source for lime, itself a common component of cement,<ref name="Cambridge Dictionary">{{Cite web|url=https://dictionary.cambridge.org/us/dictionary/english/limestone|title=Limestone|author={{Wiki|Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary}}|publisher={{Wiki|Cambridge University Press}}|accessdate=7 November 2022}}</ref> it has been in major use as a construction material for millennia, as far back as the time of ancient [[Egypt]].<ref name="Building Ancient Egypt">''[[Discovery Tour: Ancient Egypt]]'' – [[Tours: Building Ancient Egypt]]</ref>


==History==
==History==
In the 1st century BCE, a variety of limestone was found in the soil<ref>''[[Discovery Tour: Ancient Egypt]]'' – [[Tours: Alexandria: Planning of the City]]</ref> and used as the main material in the construction of multiple [[Egyptian pyramid]]s and monuments,<ref>''Discovery Tour: Ancient Egypt'' – [[Tours: Building Ancient Egypt]]</ref> such as the [[Red Pyramid]]<ref>''Discovery Tour: Ancient Egypt'' – [[Tours: The Red Pyramid of Dahshur]]</ref> and the [[Great Sphinx of Giza]].<ref>''Discovery Tour: Ancient Egypt'' – [[Tours: The Riddles of the Sphinx]]</ref><ref>''[[Assassin's Creed: Origins]]</ref> Artisans even used the mineral to create sculptures<ref>''Discovery Tour: Ancient Egypt'' – [[Tours: Artisans of Ancient Egypt]]</ref> and pottery.<ref>''Discovery Tour: Ancient Egypt'' – [[Tours: Evolution of Pottery in Ancient Egypt]]</ref>
Limestone was used as the main material in the construction of [[Egyptian pyramid]]s and monuments,<ref name="Building Ancient Egypt" /> such as the [[Red Pyramid]]<ref>''Discovery Tour: Ancient Egypt'' – [[Tours: The Red Pyramid of Dahshur]]: "A True Pyramid"</ref> and the [[Great Sphinx of Giza]].<ref>''Discovery Tour: Ancient Egypt'' – [[Tours: The Riddles of the Sphinx]]</ref><ref>''[[Assassin's Creed: Origins]]</ref> Artisans even used the mineral to create sculptures<ref>''Discovery Tour: Ancient Egypt'' – [[Tours: Artisans of Ancient Egypt]]: "Scuplture"</ref> and pottery.<ref>''Discovery Tour: Ancient Egypt'' – [[Tours: Evolution of Pottery in Ancient Egypt]]: "Essential Containers"</ref>


During the [[American Revolutionary War]], limestone was found, bought, and sold as a commodity in the [[United States|thirteen colonies]]. The [[Kanien'kehá:ka]] [[Assassin]] [[Ratonhnhaké:ton]] used limestone, along with [[Lead|lead ore]] and [[Iron|iron ore]], to [[Crafting (Assassin's Creed III)|create]] [[flint]], with the help of [[Davenport Homestead]]'s [[blacksmith]], [[David Walston]].<ref>''[[Assassin's Creed III]]''</ref>  
During the [[American Revolutionary War]], limestone was sold as a commodity in the [[United States|thirteen colonies]]. The [[Kanien'kehá:ka]] [[Assassins|Assassin]] [[Ratonhnhaké:ton]] used limestone, [[lead]], and [[iron]] to [[Crafting (Assassin's Creed III)|create]] [[flint]] with the help of the [[Davenport Homestead]]'s [[blacksmith]], [[David Walston]].<ref name="AC3">''[[Assassin's Creed III]]''</ref>  


By the [[French Revolution]], most of [[Paris]]' structures were constructed by limestone but the miners soon grew careless with acquiring the material as the [[Catacombs of Paris]] were created as a result.<ref>''[[Assassin's Creed: Unity]]'' – [[Database: Les Catacombes]]</ref> During the [[Industrial Revolution]] in [[London]], engineer [[Robert Mylne]] frequently repaired the [[Blackfriars Bridge]] due to the inadequate use of limestone in the bridge's composition.<ref>''[[Assassin's Creed: Syndicate]]'' – [[Database: Blackfriars Bridge]]</ref>
Most of [[Paris]]' structures were built from limestone because the left bank of the city sat on copious deposits of the rock. Originally, limestone mining was conducted in the outskirts far from the city proper, but the mines were eventually covered over by the city's expansion. Because the practice was to dig horizontally from a shaft until a vein had been exhausted, the mining caused a series of buildings to collapse in 1774. This accident prompted the labyrinthine tunnels to be repurposed as [[Catacombs of Paris|catacombs]] in 1782, simultaneously relieving the [[Holy Innocents' Cemetery]] of its overcapacity.<ref name="Les Catacombes">''[[Assassin's Creed: Unity]]'' – [[Database: Les Catacombes]]</ref>  
 
[[Blackfriars Bridge]] in [[London]], built from 1760 to 1769, was constructed with limestone so poor that it had to undergo incessant repairs over the next hundred years until finally, in 1864, it was demolished because the government determined it was more cost-effective to replace it with a new bridge instead.<ref>''[[Assassin's Creed: Syndicate]]'' – [[Database: Blackfriars Bridge]]</ref>


==Appearances==
==Appearances==
*''[[Assassin's Creed: The Secret Crusade]]'' {{1stm}}
*''[[Assassin's Creed: The Secret Crusade]]'' {{1stm}}
*''[[Assassin's Creed III]]'' {{1st}}
*''[[Assassin's Creed III]]'' {{1st}}
*''[[Assassin's Creed IV: Black Flag]]'' {{Mdat}}
*''[[Assassin's Creed: Pirates]]'' {{mo}}
*''[[Assassin's Creed: Pirates]]'' {{mo}}
*''[[Assassin's Creed: Unity]]''
*''[[Assassin's Creed: Unity]]''

Latest revision as of 19:40, 27 January 2025

The ground is of beige sedimentary rock, cut out to various heights. A bridge in the foreground crosses over a cut out path going towards the background. Behind it is a larger pit, with additional buildings and scaffolding on multiple levels.
A limestone quarry in ancient Greece.

Limestone is a type of sedimentary rock formed primarily by organic remains like shells or coral.[1] As the chief source for lime, itself a common component of cement,[2] it has been in major use as a construction material for millennia, as far back as the time of ancient Egypt.[3]

History[edit | edit source]

Limestone was used as the main material in the construction of Egyptian pyramids and monuments,[3] such as the Red Pyramid[4] and the Great Sphinx of Giza.[5][6] Artisans even used the mineral to create sculptures[7] and pottery.[8]

During the American Revolutionary War, limestone was sold as a commodity in the thirteen colonies. The Kanien'kehá:ka Assassin Ratonhnhaké:ton used limestone, lead, and iron to create flint with the help of the Davenport Homestead's blacksmith, David Walston.[9]

Most of Paris' structures were built from limestone because the left bank of the city sat on copious deposits of the rock. Originally, limestone mining was conducted in the outskirts far from the city proper, but the mines were eventually covered over by the city's expansion. Because the practice was to dig horizontally from a shaft until a vein had been exhausted, the mining caused a series of buildings to collapse in 1774. This accident prompted the labyrinthine tunnels to be repurposed as catacombs in 1782, simultaneously relieving the Holy Innocents' Cemetery of its overcapacity.[10]

Blackfriars Bridge in London, built from 1760 to 1769, was constructed with limestone so poor that it had to undergo incessant repairs over the next hundred years until finally, in 1864, it was demolished because the government determined it was more cost-effective to replace it with a new bridge instead.[11]

Appearances[edit | edit source]

References[edit | edit source]

  1. ↑ Merriam-Webster. Limestone. Merriam-Webster. Retrieved on 7 November 2022.
  2. ↑ Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary. Limestone. Cambridge University Press. Retrieved on 7 November 2022.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Discovery Tour: Ancient Egypt – Tours: Building Ancient Egypt
  4. ↑ Discovery Tour: Ancient Egypt – Tours: The Red Pyramid of Dahshur: "A True Pyramid"
  5. ↑ Discovery Tour: Ancient Egypt – Tours: The Riddles of the Sphinx
  6. ↑ Assassin's Creed: Origins
  7. ↑ Discovery Tour: Ancient Egypt – Tours: Artisans of Ancient Egypt: "Scuplture"
  8. ↑ Discovery Tour: Ancient Egypt – Tours: Evolution of Pottery in Ancient Egypt: "Essential Containers"
  9. ↑ Assassin's Creed III
  10. ↑ Assassin's Creed: Unity – Database: Les Catacombes
  11. ↑ Assassin's Creed: Syndicate – Database: Blackfriars Bridge
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