User:Piero.schiavone1994/Sandbox - Revision history

Soranin at 15:57, 19 May 2026

2026-05-19T15:57:13Z

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imported>Soranin at 15:05, 18 April 2021

2021-04-18T15:05:04Z

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imported>Piero.schiavone1994 at 18:53, 2 November 2019

2019-11-02T18:53:08Z

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imported>Piero.schiavone1994 at 17:50, 2 November 2019

2019-11-02T17:50:56Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 19:50, 2 November 2019
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	== Obelischi egizi ==		== Obelischi egizi ==
	Otto obelischi ~~creati dagli antichi~~ egizi furono trasportati a Roma ~~dall'Egitto~~ dopo la conquista romana.		Otto obelischi egizi furono trasportati a Roma dopo la conquista romana dell'Egitto.

	{\| class="wikitable"		{\| class="wikitable"

imported>Piero.schiavone1994 at 17:35, 2 November 2019

2019-11-02T17:35:32Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 19:35, 2 November 2019
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	\|-		\|-
	\| [[File:Obelisk-Lateran.jpg\|125px\|center]]		\| [[File:Obelisk-Lateran.jpg\|125px\|center]]
	\| {{0\|(}}32.18~~ ~~m<br />(45.70~~ ~~m)		\| {{0\|(}}32.18 m<br />(45.70 m)
	\| ''[[Obelisco Lateranense\|Lateranense]]''		\| ''[[Obelisco Lateranense\|Lateranense]]''
	\| [[Tuthmosis III]] o [[Tuthmosis IV]]		\| [[Tuthmosis III]] o [[Tuthmosis IV]]
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	\|-		\|-
	\| [[File:Vatican Piazza San Pietro Obelisk slim.jpg\|125px\|center]]		\| [[File:Vatican Piazza San Pietro Obelisk slim.jpg\|125px\|center]]
	\| {{0\|(}}25.5~~ ~~m<br />(41~~ ~~m)<ref group="A">Supported on bronze lions and surmounted by the [[House of Chigi\|Chigi]] arms in bronze, in all 41~~ ~~m to the cross on its top</ref>		\| {{0\|(}}25.5 m<br />(41 m)<ref group="A">Supported on bronze lions and surmounted by the [[House of Chigi\|Chigi]] arms in bronze, in all 41 m to the cross on its top</ref>
	\| ''Vaticano''		\| ''Vaticano''
	\| -		\| -
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	\|-		\|-
	\| [[File:Obelisk-popolo.jpg\|125px\|center]]		\| [[File:Obelisk-popolo.jpg\|125px\|center]]
	\| {{0\|(}}24~~ ~~m<br />(36.50~~ ~~m)		\| {{0\|(}}24 m<br />(36.50 m)
	\| ''[[Flaminio Obelisk\|Flaminio]]''		\| ''[[Flaminio Obelisk\|Flaminio]]''
	\| [[Seti I]] / [[Ramses II]]		\| [[Seti I]] / [[Ramses II]]
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	\|-		\|-
	\| [[File:SolareObelisk cropped.jpg\|125px\|center]]		\| [[File:SolareObelisk cropped.jpg\|125px\|center]]
	\| {{0\|(}}21.79~~ ~~m<br />(33.97~~ ~~m)		\| {{0\|(}}21.79 m<br />(33.97 m)
	\| ''[[Solare (obelisk)\|Solare]]''		\| ''[[Solare (obelisk)\|Solare]]''
	\| [[Psammetichus II]]		\| [[Psammetichus II]]
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	\|-		\|-
	\| [[File:obelisk in piazza della rotonda rome arp.jpg\|125px\|center]]		\| [[File:obelisk in piazza della rotonda rome arp.jpg\|125px\|center]]
	\| {{0\|(2}}6.34~~ ~~m<br />(14.52~~ ~~m)		\| {{0\|(2}}6.34 m<br />(14.52 m)
	\| ''Macuteo''		\| ''Macuteo''
	\| [[Ramses II]]		\| [[Ramses II]]
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	\|-		\|-
	\| [[File:Roma Elephant Obelisk 2007-05-19 13-51-58 BW.jpg\|125px\|center]]		\| [[File:Roma Elephant Obelisk 2007-05-19 13-51-58 BW.jpg\|125px\|center]]
	\| {{0\|(2}}5.47~~ ~~m<br />(12.69~~ ~~m)		\| {{0\|(2}}5.47 m<br />(12.69 m)
	\| ''[[Elephant and Obelisk\|Minerveo]]''		\| ''[[Elephant and Obelisk\|Minerveo]]''
	\| [[Apries]]		\| [[Apries]]
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	\|-		\|-
	\| [[File:Dogali-obelisk.jpg\|125px\|center]]		\| [[File:Dogali-obelisk.jpg\|125px\|center]]
	\| {{0\|(2}}?<br />(6.34~~ ~~m)		\| {{0\|(2}}?<br />(6.34 m)
	\| ''Dogali''		\| ''Dogali''
	\| [[Ramses II]]		\| [[Ramses II]]
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	\|-		\|-
	\| [[File:Villa Celimontana Obelisk.JPG\|125px\|center]]		\| [[File:Villa Celimontana Obelisk.JPG\|125px\|center]]
	\| {{0\|(2}}2.68~~ ~~m<br />(12.23~~ ~~m)		\| {{0\|(2}}2.68 m<br />(12.23 m)
	\| ''Matteiano''		\| ''Matteiano''
	\| [[Ramses II]]		\| [[Ramses II]]

imported>Piero.schiavone1994 at 17:32, 2 November 2019

2019-11-02T17:32:21Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 19:32, 2 November 2019
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	\| [[Tuthmosis III]] o [[Tuthmosis IV]]		\| [[Tuthmosis III]] o [[Tuthmosis IV]]
	\| [[Piazza di San Giovanni in Laterano]]<br /><br />{{coord\|41\|53\|12.6\|N\|12\|30\|17.2\|E\|dim:100_region:IT-RM_type:landmark\|display=inline\|name=Lateranense}}		\| [[Piazza di San Giovanni in Laterano]]<br /><br />{{coord\|41\|53\|12.6\|N\|12\|30\|17.2\|E\|dim:100_region:IT-RM_type:landmark\|display=inline\|name=Lateranense}}
	\| ~~Tallest obelisk in Rome, and the largest standing ancient Egyptian obelisk~~ in ~~the world~~, ~~originally weighing around~~ 455~~ [[ton]]s~~.<ref>https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/egypt/raising/rome.html</ref> ~~From the temple of~~ [[Amun]] in [[Karnak]],{{ref\|map 1\|map}} ~~and brought to~~ [[Alexandria]] ~~with~~ [[~~Obelisk of Theodosius~~\|~~another obelisk~~]] by [[~~Constantius~~ II]], ~~and brought on its own from there to Rome in~~ 357 ~~to decorate the ''[[spina (Roman circus)\|~~spina~~]]'' of the~~ [[~~Circus Maximus~~]].{{ref\|map 2\|map}} ~~Found in three pieces~~ in 1587, ~~restored approximately 4 m shorter by~~ [[~~Pope Sixtus~~ V]]~~, and erected near the~~ [[~~Lateran Palace~~]] and basilica of [[Basilica of St. John Lateran\|San Giovanni in Laterano]] in 1588 in the place of the [[Equestrian Statue of Marcus Aurelius\|equestrian statue]] of [[Marcus Aurelius]], ~~which was moved to the~~ [[~~Capitoline Hill~~]]. ~~Current version weighs around~~ 330 ~~tons~~.<ref name="ancient-wisdom.com">http://www.ancient-wisdom.com/menhirs.htm</ref>		\| L'obelisco più alto di Roma e il più grande obelisco egizio ancora in piedi, dal peso originario di 455 tonnellate.<ref>https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/egypt/raising/rome.html</ref> Proveniente dal tempio di [[Amun]] a [[Karnak]],{{ref\|map 1\|map}}, fu portata ad [[Alexandria]] assieme ad [[Obelisco di Teodosio\|un alto obelisco]] da [[Costanzo II]], quindi trasportato a Roma nel 357 per decorare la spina del [[Circo Massimo]].{{ref\|map 2\|map}} Fu rinvenuto in tre pezzi nel 1587, e per ordine di [[Papa Sisto V]] fu ri-eretto di fronte al [[Palazzo Laterano]] and basilica of [[Basilica of St. John Lateran\|San Giovanni in Laterano]] in 1588 in the place of the [[Equestrian Statue of Marcus Aurelius\|equestrian statue]] of [[Marcus Aurelius]], che fu spostata sul [[Campidoglio]]. Attualmente pesa 330 tonnellate.<ref name="ancient-wisdom.com">http://www.ancient-wisdom.com/menhirs.htm</ref>
	\|-		\|-
	\| [[File:Vatican Piazza San Pietro Obelisk slim.jpg\|125px\|center]]		\| [[File:Vatican Piazza San Pietro Obelisk slim.jpg\|125px\|center]]
	\| {{0\|(}}25.5 m<br />(41 m)<ref group="A">Supported on bronze lions and surmounted by the [[House of Chigi\|Chigi]] arms in bronze, in all 41 m to the cross on its top</ref>		\| {{0\|(}}25.5 m<br />(41 m)<ref group="A">Supported on bronze lions and surmounted by the [[House of Chigi\|Chigi]] arms in bronze, in all 41 m to the cross on its top</ref>
	\| ''Vaticano''		\| ''Vaticano''
	\| ~~Unknown~~		\| -
	\| [[~~St. Peter's Square~~]]<br /><br />{{coord\|41\|54\|8.1\|N\|12\|27\|26.1\|E\|dim:100_region:IT-RM_type:landmark\|display=inline\|name=Vaticano}}		\| [[Piazza San Pietro]]<br /><br />{{coord\|41\|54\|8.1\|N\|12\|27\|26.1\|E\|dim:100_region:IT-RM_type:landmark\|display=inline\|name=Vaticano}}
	\| [[File:Basilica di San Pietro 1450.jpg\|thumb\|100px\|[[Old St. Peter's Basilica]] with the obelisk at the left in its original place.]] Originally raised in the Forum Iulium in Alexandria{{ref\|map 4\|map}} by the prefect [[Cornelius Gallus]] on Augustus' orders around 30–28 BC. No hieroglyphs. Brought to Rome by [[Caligula]] in 40 for the ''spina'' of the [[Vatican Circus]].{{ref\|map 5\|map}} Relocated by [[Pope Sixtus V]] in 1586 using a method devised by [[Domenico Fontana]]; the first monumental obelisk raised in the modern period, it is the only obelisk in Rome that has not toppled since Roman times. During the Middle Ages, the gilt ball on top of the obelisk was believed to contain the ashes of [[Julius Caesar]].<ref>Touring Club Italiano, ''Roma e Dintorni''.</ref><ref name="Tafur">''[http://depts.washington.edu/silkroad/texts/tafur.html#ch3 Travels and Adventures]'', Chapter 3, [[Pero Tafur]], digitized from [[The Broadway Travellers]] series, edited by Sir [[E. Denison Ross]] and [[Eileen Power]], translated and edited with an introduction by [[Malcolm Letts]] (New York, London: Harper & brothers 1926): {{quote\|On the other side of it is a high tower made of one piece of stone, like a three-cornered diamond raised upon three brazen feet; and many, taking it for a holy thing, creep between the ground and the base of that tower. This was a work undertaken in honour of [[Julius Caesar]] and assigned for his burial, and on the top of it are three large gilt apples in which is the dust of the Emperor {{sic}} Julius Caesar, and certainly it is a noble edifice and marvellously ordered and very strange. It is called Caesar's needle, and in the middle and at the base, and even at the top, are a few ancient letters carved in the stone which now cannot well be read, but in fact they record that the body of Julius Caesar was buried there.}}</ref> Fontana later removed the ancient metal ball, now in a Rome museum, that stood atop the obelisk and found only dust. [[Pedro Tafur]] in his ''Andanças''<ref name="Tafur"/><ref name="DCECH">[[Pedro Tafur]]'s ''[[Andanças]]'' (1874 edition) referenced in the ''[[Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico]]'', [[Joan Corominas]], [[José Antonio Pascual]], 1987, Editorial Gredos, Tome I, {{ISBN\|84-249-1361-2}}, entry ''carnicol'', page 880.</ref> (circa 1440) mentions that many passed between the ground and the "tower" base "thinking it a saintly thing".		\| [[File:Basilica di San Pietro 1450.jpg\|thumb\|100px\|[[Old St. Peter's Basilica]] with the obelisk at the left in its original place.]] Originally raised in the Forum Iulium in Alexandria{{ref\|map 4\|map}} by the prefect [[Cornelius Gallus]] on Augustus' orders around 30–28 BC. No hieroglyphs. Brought to Rome by [[Caligula]] in 40 for the ''spina'' of the [[Vatican Circus]].{{ref\|map 5\|map}} Relocated by [[Pope Sixtus V]] in 1586 using a method devised by [[Domenico Fontana]]; the first monumental obelisk raised in the modern period, it is the only obelisk in Rome that has not toppled since Roman times. During the Middle Ages, the gilt ball on top of the obelisk was believed to contain the ashes of [[Julius Caesar]].<ref>Touring Club Italiano, ''Roma e Dintorni''.</ref><ref name="Tafur">''[http://depts.washington.edu/silkroad/texts/tafur.html#ch3 Travels and Adventures]'', Chapter 3, [[Pero Tafur]], digitized from [[The Broadway Travellers]] series, edited by Sir [[E. Denison Ross]] and [[Eileen Power]], translated and edited with an introduction by [[Malcolm Letts]] (New York, London: Harper & brothers 1926): {{quote\|On the other side of it is a high tower made of one piece of stone, like a three-cornered diamond raised upon three brazen feet; and many, taking it for a holy thing, creep between the ground and the base of that tower. This was a work undertaken in honour of [[Julius Caesar]] and assigned for his burial, and on the top of it are three large gilt apples in which is the dust of the Emperor {{sic}} Julius Caesar, and certainly it is a noble edifice and marvellously ordered and very strange. It is called Caesar's needle, and in the middle and at the base, and even at the top, are a few ancient letters carved in the stone which now cannot well be read, but in fact they record that the body of Julius Caesar was buried there.}}</ref> Fontana later removed the ancient metal ball, now in a Rome museum, that stood atop the obelisk and found only dust. [[Pedro Tafur]] in his ''Andanças''<ref name="Tafur"/><ref name="DCECH">[[Pedro Tafur]]'s ''[[Andanças]]'' (1874 edition) referenced in the ''[[Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico]]'', [[Joan Corominas]], [[José Antonio Pascual]], 1987, Editorial Gredos, Tome I, {{ISBN\|84-249-1361-2}}, entry ''carnicol'', page 880.</ref> (circa 1440) mentions that many passed between the ground and the "tower" base "thinking it a saintly thing".
	\|-		\|-

imported>Piero.schiavone1994 at 17:26, 2 November 2019

2019-11-02T17:26:12Z

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imported>Piero.schiavone1994 at 17:23, 2 November 2019

2019-11-02T17:23:06Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 19:23, 2 November 2019
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	~~Hiya~~		== Ancient Egyptian obelisks ==
			At least eight obelisks created in antiquity by the Egyptians were taken from Egypt after the [[Roman conquest of Egypt\|Roman conquest]] and brought to Rome.

			{\| class="wikitable"
			! Image
			! Height <br>(with base)
			! Name
			! Builder
			! Location
			! Notes
			\|-
			\| [[File:Obelisk-Lateran.jpg\|125px\|center]]
			\| {{0\|(}}32.18 m <br>(45.70 m)
			\| ''[[Lateran Obelisk\|Lateranense]]''
			\| [[Tuthmosis III]] / [[Tuthmosis IV]]
			\| [[Piazza di San Giovanni in Laterano]]<br><br>{{coord\|41\|53\|12.6\|N\|12\|30\|17.2\|E\|dim:100_region:IT-RM_type:landmark\|display=inline\|name=Lateranense}}
			\| Tallest obelisk in Rome, and the largest standing ancient Egyptian obelisk in the world, originally weighing around 455 [[ton]]s.<ref>https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/egypt/raising/rome.html</ref> From the temple of [[Amun]] in [[Karnak]],{{ref\|map 1\|map}} and brought to [[Alexandria]] with [[Obelisk of Theodosius\|another obelisk]] by [[Constantius II]], and brought on its own from there to Rome in 357 to decorate the ''[[spina (Roman circus)\|spina]]'' of the [[Circus Maximus]].{{ref\|map 2\|map}} Found in three pieces in 1587, restored approximately 4 m shorter by [[Pope Sixtus V]], and erected near the [[Lateran Palace]] and basilica of [[Basilica of St. John Lateran\|San Giovanni in Laterano]] in 1588 in the place of the [[Equestrian Statue of Marcus Aurelius\|equestrian statue]] of [[Marcus Aurelius]], which was moved to the [[Capitoline Hill]]. Current version weighs around 330 tons.<ref name="ancient-wisdom.com">http://www.ancient-wisdom.com/menhirs.htm</ref>
			\|-
			\| [[File:Vatican Piazza San Pietro Obelisk slim.jpg\|125px\|center]]
			\| {{0\|(}}25.5 m <br>(41 m)<ref group="A">Supported on bronze lions and surmounted by the [[House of Chigi\|Chigi]] arms in bronze, in all 41 m to the cross on its top</ref>
			\| ''Vaticano''
			\| Unknown
			\| [[St. Peter's Square]]<br><br>{{coord\|41\|54\|8.1\|N\|12\|27\|26.1\|E\|dim:100_region:IT-RM_type:landmark\|display=inline\|name=Vaticano}}
			\|\| [[File:Basilica di San Pietro 1450.jpg\|thumb\|100px\|[[Old St. Peter's Basilica]] with the obelisk at the left in its original place.]] Originally raised in the Forum Iulium in Alexandria{{ref\|map 4\|map}} by the prefect [[Cornelius Gallus]] on Augustus' orders around 30–28 BC. No hieroglyphs. Brought to Rome by [[Caligula]] in 40 for the ''spina'' of the [[Vatican Circus]].{{ref\|map 5\|map}} Relocated by [[Pope Sixtus V]] in 1586 using a method devised by [[Domenico Fontana]]; the first monumental obelisk raised in the modern period, it is the only obelisk in Rome that has not toppled since Roman times. During the Middle Ages, the gilt ball on top of the obelisk was believed to contain the ashes of [[Julius Caesar]].<ref>Touring Club Italiano, ''Roma e Dintorni''.</ref><ref name="Tafur">''[http://depts.washington.edu/silkroad/texts/tafur.html#ch3 Travels and Adventures]'', Chapter 3, [[Pero Tafur]], digitized from [[The Broadway Travellers]] series, edited by Sir [[E. Denison Ross]] and [[Eileen Power]], translated and edited with an introduction by [[Malcolm Letts]] (New York, London: Harper & brothers 1926): {{quote\|On the other side of it is a high tower made of one piece of stone, like a three-cornered diamond raised upon three brazen feet; and many, taking it for a holy thing, creep between the ground and the base of that tower. This was a work undertaken in honour of [[Julius Caesar]] and assigned for his burial, and on the top of it are three large gilt apples in which is the dust of the Emperor {{sic}} Julius Caesar, and certainly it is a noble edifice and marvellously ordered and very strange. It is called Caesar's needle, and in the middle and at the base, and even at the top, are a few ancient letters carved in the stone which now cannot well be read, but in fact they record that the body of Julius Caesar was buried there.}}</ref> Fontana later removed the ancient metal ball, now in a Rome museum, that stood atop the obelisk and found only dust. [[Pedro Tafur]] in his ''Andanças''<ref name="Tafur"/><ref name="DCECH">[[Pedro Tafur]]'s ''[[Andanças]]'' (1874 edition) referenced in the ''[[Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico]]'', [[Joan Corominas]], [[José Antonio Pascual]], 1987, Editorial Gredos, Tome I, {{ISBN\|84-249-1361-2}}, entry ''carnicol'', page 880.</ref> (circa 1440) mentions that many passed between the ground and the "tower" base "thinking it a saintly thing".
			\|-
			\| [[File:Obelisk-popolo.jpg\|125px\|center]]
			\| {{0\|(}}24 m <br>(36.50 m)
			\| ''[[Flaminio Obelisk\|Flaminio]]''
			\| [[Seti I]] / [[Ramses II]]
			\| [[Piazza del Popolo]]<br><br>{{coord\|41\|54\|38.6\|N\|12\|28\|34.8\|E\|dim:100_region:IT-RM_type:landmark\|display=inline\|name=Flaminio}}
			\| Originally from [[Heliopolis (Ancient Egypt)\|Heliopolis]].{{ref\|map 7\|map}} Brought to Rome by [[Augustus]] in 10 BC with the ''[[Solare (obelisk)\|Solare]]'' obelisk and erected on the ''spina'' of the [[Circus Maximus]].{{ref\|map 8\|map}} Found with the ''Lateranense'' obelisk in 1587 in two pieces and erected by [[Pope Sixtus V]] in 1589. Sculptures with lion fountains were added to the base in 1818. Weighs around 235 tons.<ref name="ancient-wisdom.com"/>
			\|-
			\| [[File:SolareObelisk cropped.jpg\|125px\|center]]
			\| {{0\|(}}21.79 m <br>(33.97 m)
			\| ''[[Solare (obelisk)\|Solare]]''
			\| [[Psammetichus II]]
			\| [[Piazza di Montecitorio]]<br><br>{{coord\|41\|54\|2.5\|N\|12\|28\|43.2\|E\|dim:100_region:IT-RM_type:landmark\|display=inline\|name=Solare}}
			\| Originally from [[Heliopolis (Ancient Egypt)\|Heliopolis]].{{ref\|map 10\|map}} Brought to Rome by [[Augustus]] in 10 BC with the ''Flaminio'' obelisk to form the [[gnomon]] of the ''[[Solarium Augusti]]'' in the ''[[Campus Martius]]''.{{ref\|map 11\|map}} Found in the 16th century but reburied. Rediscovered and erected by [[Pope Pius VI]] in front of the [[Palazzo Montecitorio]] in 1792.
			\|-
			\| [[File:obelisk in piazza della rotonda rome arp.jpg\|125px\|center]]
			\| {{0\|(2}}6.34 m <br>(14.52 m)
			\| ''Macuteo''
			\| [[Ramses II]]
			\| [[Piazza della Rotonda]]<br><br>{{coord\|41\|53\|57.6\|N\|12\|28\|36.3\|E\|dim:100_region:IT-RM_type:landmark\|display=inline\|name=Macuteo}}
			\| Originally one of a pair at the Temple of [[Ra]] in [[Heliopolis (Ancient Egypt)\|Heliopolis]], the other being the now much shorter ''Matteiano''. Moved to the Temple of [[Isis]] near [[Santa Maria sopra Minerva]]. Found in 1373 near [[Church of San Macuto\|San Macuto]] and erected in Piazza Macuta. Moved to the front of the [[Pantheon, Rome\|Pantheon]] by [[Pope Clement XI]] in 1711 over a fountain by [[Filippo Barigioni]].
			\|-
			\| [[File:Roma Elephant Obelisk 2007-05-19 13-51-58 BW.jpg\|125px\|center]]
			\| {{0\|(2}}5.47 m <br>(12.69 m)
			\| ''[[Elephant and Obelisk\|Minerveo]]''
			\| [[Apries]]
			\| [[Piazza della Minerva]]<br><br>{{coord\|41\|53\|52.7\|N\|12\|28\|39.2\|E\|dim:100_region:IT-RM_type:landmark\|display=inline\|name=Minerveo}}
			\| Originally one of a pair from [[Sais]]. Brought to Rome by [[Diocletian]] for the nearby Temple of [[Isis]]. Found in 1655 and erected in 1667 by [[Pope Alexander VII]] on an [[Elephant and Obelisk\|Elephant]] base by [[Bernini]], behind the [[Pantheon, Rome\|Pantheon]] in [[Piazza della Minerva]]. The other of the pair is in [[Urbino]].
			This is the smallest obelisk in Rome, with a height of 5.47 meters<ref>L'Italia. Roma (guida rossa), Touring Club Italiano, Milano 2004</ref>.
			\|-
			\| [[File:Dogali-obelisk.jpg\|125px\|center]]
			\| {{0\|(2}}? <br>(6.34 m)
			\| ''Dogali''
			\| [[Ramses II]]
			\| [[Baths of Diocletian]]<br><br>{{coord\|41\|54\|7.8\|N\|12\|29\|50.9\|E\|dim:100_region:IT-RM_type:landmark\|display=inline\|name=Dogali}}
			\| Originally one of a pair from [[Heliopolis (Ancient Egypt)\|Heliopolis]], the other now in the [[Boboli Gardens]] in [[Florence]]. Moved to the Temple of Isis in Rome. Found in 1883 by [[Rodolfo Lanciani]] near [[Santa Maria sopra Minerva]]. Now commemorates the [[Battle of Dogali]], originally in front of Near [[Termini Station (Rome)\|Termini Station]] and moved to its present site in 1924.
			\|-
			\| [[File:Villa Celimontana Obelisk.JPG\|125px\|center]]
			\| {{0\|(2}}2.68 m <br>(12.23 m)
			\| ''Matteiano''
			\| [[Ramses II]]
			\| [[Villa Celimontana]]<br><br>{{coord\|41\|53\|0.2\|N\|12\|29\|43.2\|E\|dim:100_region:IT-RM_type:landmark\|display=inline\|name=Matteiano}}
			\| Originally one of a pair at the Temple of [[Ra]] in [[Heliopolis (Ancient Egypt)\|Heliopolis]], the other being the ''Macuteo'' which retains much more of its original height. Moved to the Temple of Isis near [[Santa Maria sopra Minerva]]. Found in the 14th century and erected east of [[Santa Maria in Aracoeli]] on the [[Capitoline]]. Moved to Villa Celimontana after [[Michelangelo]] redesigned the square in the late 16th century. Lost again; fragments rediscovered and re-erected in 1820. Smallest obelisk in Rome.
			*[http://highskyblue.web.fc2.com/celimontana.htm Further details]
			\|-
			\|}

imported>Piero.schiavone1994: Created page with "Hiya"

2019-10-21T21:15:51Z

Created page with "Hiya"

Páàjì titun

Hiya

← Older revision		Revision as of 19:23, 2 November 2019
Line 1:		Line 1:
	~~Hiya~~		== Ancient Egyptian obelisks ==
			At least eight obelisks created in antiquity by the Egyptians were taken from Egypt after the [[Roman conquest of Egypt\|Roman conquest]] and brought to Rome.

			{\| class="wikitable"
			! Image
			! Height <br>(with base)
			! Name
			! Builder
			! Location
			! Notes
			\|-
			\| [[File:Obelisk-Lateran.jpg\|125px\|center]]
			\| {{0\|(}}32.18 m <br>(45.70 m)
			\| ''[[Lateran Obelisk\|Lateranense]]''
			\| [[Tuthmosis III]] / [[Tuthmosis IV]]
			\| [[Piazza di San Giovanni in Laterano]]<br><br>{{coord\|41\|53\|12.6\|N\|12\|30\|17.2\|E\|dim:100_region:IT-RM_type:landmark\|display=inline\|name=Lateranense}}
			\| Tallest obelisk in Rome, and the largest standing ancient Egyptian obelisk in the world, originally weighing around 455 [[ton]]s.<ref>https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/egypt/raising/rome.html</ref> From the temple of [[Amun]] in [[Karnak]],{{ref\|map 1\|map}} and brought to [[Alexandria]] with [[Obelisk of Theodosius\|another obelisk]] by [[Constantius II]], and brought on its own from there to Rome in 357 to decorate the ''[[spina (Roman circus)\|spina]]'' of the [[Circus Maximus]].{{ref\|map 2\|map}} Found in three pieces in 1587, restored approximately 4 m shorter by [[Pope Sixtus V]], and erected near the [[Lateran Palace]] and basilica of [[Basilica of St. John Lateran\|San Giovanni in Laterano]] in 1588 in the place of the [[Equestrian Statue of Marcus Aurelius\|equestrian statue]] of [[Marcus Aurelius]], which was moved to the [[Capitoline Hill]]. Current version weighs around 330 tons.<ref name="ancient-wisdom.com">http://www.ancient-wisdom.com/menhirs.htm</ref>
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			\| [[File:Vatican Piazza San Pietro Obelisk slim.jpg\|125px\|center]]
			\| {{0\|(}}25.5 m <br>(41 m)<ref group="A">Supported on bronze lions and surmounted by the [[House of Chigi\|Chigi]] arms in bronze, in all 41 m to the cross on its top</ref>
			\| ''Vaticano''
			\| Unknown
			\| [[St. Peter's Square]]<br><br>{{coord\|41\|54\|8.1\|N\|12\|27\|26.1\|E\|dim:100_region:IT-RM_type:landmark\|display=inline\|name=Vaticano}}
			\|\| [[File:Basilica di San Pietro 1450.jpg\|thumb\|100px\|[[Old St. Peter's Basilica]] with the obelisk at the left in its original place.]] Originally raised in the Forum Iulium in Alexandria{{ref\|map 4\|map}} by the prefect [[Cornelius Gallus]] on Augustus' orders around 30–28 BC. No hieroglyphs. Brought to Rome by [[Caligula]] in 40 for the ''spina'' of the [[Vatican Circus]].{{ref\|map 5\|map}} Relocated by [[Pope Sixtus V]] in 1586 using a method devised by [[Domenico Fontana]]; the first monumental obelisk raised in the modern period, it is the only obelisk in Rome that has not toppled since Roman times. During the Middle Ages, the gilt ball on top of the obelisk was believed to contain the ashes of [[Julius Caesar]].<ref>Touring Club Italiano, ''Roma e Dintorni''.</ref><ref name="Tafur">''[http://depts.washington.edu/silkroad/texts/tafur.html#ch3 Travels and Adventures]'', Chapter 3, [[Pero Tafur]], digitized from [[The Broadway Travellers]] series, edited by Sir [[E. Denison Ross]] and [[Eileen Power]], translated and edited with an introduction by [[Malcolm Letts]] (New York, London: Harper & brothers 1926): {{quote\|On the other side of it is a high tower made of one piece of stone, like a three-cornered diamond raised upon three brazen feet; and many, taking it for a holy thing, creep between the ground and the base of that tower. This was a work undertaken in honour of [[Julius Caesar]] and assigned for his burial, and on the top of it are three large gilt apples in which is the dust of the Emperor {{sic}} Julius Caesar, and certainly it is a noble edifice and marvellously ordered and very strange. It is called Caesar's needle, and in the middle and at the base, and even at the top, are a few ancient letters carved in the stone which now cannot well be read, but in fact they record that the body of Julius Caesar was buried there.}}</ref> Fontana later removed the ancient metal ball, now in a Rome museum, that stood atop the obelisk and found only dust. [[Pedro Tafur]] in his ''Andanças''<ref name="Tafur"/><ref name="DCECH">[[Pedro Tafur]]'s ''[[Andanças]]'' (1874 edition) referenced in the ''[[Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico]]'', [[Joan Corominas]], [[José Antonio Pascual]], 1987, Editorial Gredos, Tome I, {{ISBN\|84-249-1361-2}}, entry ''carnicol'', page 880.</ref> (circa 1440) mentions that many passed between the ground and the "tower" base "thinking it a saintly thing".
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			\| [[File:Obelisk-popolo.jpg\|125px\|center]]
			\| {{0\|(}}24 m <br>(36.50 m)
			\| ''[[Flaminio Obelisk\|Flaminio]]''
			\| [[Seti I]] / [[Ramses II]]
			\| [[Piazza del Popolo]]<br><br>{{coord\|41\|54\|38.6\|N\|12\|28\|34.8\|E\|dim:100_region:IT-RM_type:landmark\|display=inline\|name=Flaminio}}
			\| Originally from [[Heliopolis (Ancient Egypt)\|Heliopolis]].{{ref\|map 7\|map}} Brought to Rome by [[Augustus]] in 10 BC with the ''[[Solare (obelisk)\|Solare]]'' obelisk and erected on the ''spina'' of the [[Circus Maximus]].{{ref\|map 8\|map}} Found with the ''Lateranense'' obelisk in 1587 in two pieces and erected by [[Pope Sixtus V]] in 1589. Sculptures with lion fountains were added to the base in 1818. Weighs around 235 tons.<ref name="ancient-wisdom.com"/>
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			\| [[File:SolareObelisk cropped.jpg\|125px\|center]]
			\| {{0\|(}}21.79 m <br>(33.97 m)
			\| ''[[Solare (obelisk)\|Solare]]''
			\| [[Psammetichus II]]
			\| [[Piazza di Montecitorio]]<br><br>{{coord\|41\|54\|2.5\|N\|12\|28\|43.2\|E\|dim:100_region:IT-RM_type:landmark\|display=inline\|name=Solare}}
			\| Originally from [[Heliopolis (Ancient Egypt)\|Heliopolis]].{{ref\|map 10\|map}} Brought to Rome by [[Augustus]] in 10 BC with the ''Flaminio'' obelisk to form the [[gnomon]] of the ''[[Solarium Augusti]]'' in the ''[[Campus Martius]]''.{{ref\|map 11\|map}} Found in the 16th century but reburied. Rediscovered and erected by [[Pope Pius VI]] in front of the [[Palazzo Montecitorio]] in 1792.
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			\| [[File:obelisk in piazza della rotonda rome arp.jpg\|125px\|center]]
			\| {{0\|(2}}6.34 m <br>(14.52 m)
			\| ''Macuteo''
			\| [[Ramses II]]
			\| [[Piazza della Rotonda]]<br><br>{{coord\|41\|53\|57.6\|N\|12\|28\|36.3\|E\|dim:100_region:IT-RM_type:landmark\|display=inline\|name=Macuteo}}
			\| Originally one of a pair at the Temple of [[Ra]] in [[Heliopolis (Ancient Egypt)\|Heliopolis]], the other being the now much shorter ''Matteiano''. Moved to the Temple of [[Isis]] near [[Santa Maria sopra Minerva]]. Found in 1373 near [[Church of San Macuto\|San Macuto]] and erected in Piazza Macuta. Moved to the front of the [[Pantheon, Rome\|Pantheon]] by [[Pope Clement XI]] in 1711 over a fountain by [[Filippo Barigioni]].
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			\| [[File:Roma Elephant Obelisk 2007-05-19 13-51-58 BW.jpg\|125px\|center]]
			\| {{0\|(2}}5.47 m <br>(12.69 m)
			\| ''[[Elephant and Obelisk\|Minerveo]]''
			\| [[Apries]]
			\| [[Piazza della Minerva]]<br><br>{{coord\|41\|53\|52.7\|N\|12\|28\|39.2\|E\|dim:100_region:IT-RM_type:landmark\|display=inline\|name=Minerveo}}
			\| Originally one of a pair from [[Sais]]. Brought to Rome by [[Diocletian]] for the nearby Temple of [[Isis]]. Found in 1655 and erected in 1667 by [[Pope Alexander VII]] on an [[Elephant and Obelisk\|Elephant]] base by [[Bernini]], behind the [[Pantheon, Rome\|Pantheon]] in [[Piazza della Minerva]]. The other of the pair is in [[Urbino]].
			This is the smallest obelisk in Rome, with a height of 5.47 meters<ref>L'Italia. Roma (guida rossa), Touring Club Italiano, Milano 2004</ref>.
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			\| [[File:Dogali-obelisk.jpg\|125px\|center]]
			\| {{0\|(2}}? <br>(6.34 m)
			\| ''Dogali''
			\| [[Ramses II]]
			\| [[Baths of Diocletian]]<br><br>{{coord\|41\|54\|7.8\|N\|12\|29\|50.9\|E\|dim:100_region:IT-RM_type:landmark\|display=inline\|name=Dogali}}
			\| Originally one of a pair from [[Heliopolis (Ancient Egypt)\|Heliopolis]], the other now in the [[Boboli Gardens]] in [[Florence]]. Moved to the Temple of Isis in Rome. Found in 1883 by [[Rodolfo Lanciani]] near [[Santa Maria sopra Minerva]]. Now commemorates the [[Battle of Dogali]], originally in front of Near [[Termini Station (Rome)\|Termini Station]] and moved to its present site in 1924.
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			\| [[File:Villa Celimontana Obelisk.JPG\|125px\|center]]
			\| {{0\|(2}}2.68 m <br>(12.23 m)
			\| ''Matteiano''
			\| [[Ramses II]]
			\| [[Villa Celimontana]]<br><br>{{coord\|41\|53\|0.2\|N\|12\|29\|43.2\|E\|dim:100_region:IT-RM_type:landmark\|display=inline\|name=Matteiano}}
			\| Originally one of a pair at the Temple of [[Ra]] in [[Heliopolis (Ancient Egypt)\|Heliopolis]], the other being the ''Macuteo'' which retains much more of its original height. Moved to the Temple of Isis near [[Santa Maria sopra Minerva]]. Found in the 14th century and erected east of [[Santa Maria in Aracoeli]] on the [[Capitoline]]. Moved to Villa Celimontana after [[Michelangelo]] redesigned the square in the late 16th century. Lost again; fragments rediscovered and re-erected in 1820. Smallest obelisk in Rome.
			*[http://highskyblue.web.fc2.com/celimontana.htm Further details]
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			\|}