Saint-Domingue Brotherhood of Assassins - Revision history

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References

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	<!--[[zh:圣多明克刺客兄弟会]]		<!--[zh:圣多明克刺客兄弟会]
	~~<!--~~[fr:Assassins haïtiens]~~-->~~-->		[fr:Assassins haïtiens]-->
	[[Category:Assassin guilds]]		[[Category:Assassin guilds]]

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	[[fr:Assassins haïtiens]]-->		<!--[fr:Assassins haïtiens]-->-->
	[[Category:Assassin guilds]]		[[Category:Assassin guilds]]

Soranin at 12:58, 5 May 2026

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imported>Gener4l Cl4ank4 at 01:08, 8 October 2025

2025-10-08T01:08:53Z

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	\|active = c. 1732 – 1758 {{c\|collapsed}}<br>c. 1776 – 1804 {{c\|collapsed}}<br>c. 1971		\|active = c. 1732 – 1758 {{c\|collapsed}}<br>c. 1776 – 1804 {{c\|collapsed}}<br>c. 1971
	}}		}}
	The '''Saint-Domingue Brotherhood of Assassins''', also known as the '''Haitian Brotherhood of Assassins''', is the [[Assassin Guilds\|guild]] of [[Assassins]] located in [[Haiti]], formerly the [[France\|French]] colony of Saint-Domingue. The organization's first incarnation was founded in the early 18th century by the [[Maroons\|Maroon]] leader ~~and Assassin~~ [[François Mackandal]] as a splinter branch from the [[West Indies Brotherhood of Assassins\|West Indies Brotherhood]].		The '''Saint-Domingue Brotherhood of Assassins''', also known as the '''Haitian Brotherhood of Assassins''', is the [[Assassin Guilds\|guild]] of [[Assassins]] located in [[Haiti]], formerly the [[France\|French]] colony of Saint-Domingue. The organization's first incarnation was founded in the early 18th century by the [[Maroons\|Maroon]] leader [[François Mackandal]] as a splinter branch from the [[West Indies Brotherhood of Assassins\|West Indies Brotherhood]].

	An extremist [[Mentor]] with a radical interpretation of [[the Creed]], Mackandal sought to secure Saint-Domingue's independence and liberate its [[Slavery\|enslaved]] Black population by eliminating all of the island's white colonists. He recruited many slaves to his cause and refused any outside interference from other Brotherhoods, due to them opposing his violent methods. Mackandal was eventually arrested and executed in 1758 before he could succeed in his goal, leading to his guild's collapse.		An extremist [[Mentor]] with a radical interpretation of [[the Creed]], Mackandal sought to secure Saint-Domingue's independence and liberate its [[Slavery\|enslaved]] Black population by eliminating all of the island's white colonists. He recruited many slaves to his cause and refused any outside interference from other Brotherhoods, due to them opposing his violent methods. Mackandal was eventually arrested and executed in 1758 before he could succeed in his goal, leading to his guild's collapse.
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	====Haitian Revolution====		====Haitian Revolution====
	{{Quote\|My Brotherhood, rebels and madmen all, is gone. Boukman and Toussaint are dead. I killed the madman Jeannot. Biassou and Jean-François are gone, most likely to Florida. I received word that Toussaint died in prison, but no word on what happened to his body thereafter.[...] I have liberated Saint-Domingue. But at what cost?\|Eseosa, 1804.\|Assassin's Creed: Initiates\|Eseosa's Codex}}		{{Quote\|My Brotherhood, rebels and madmen all, is gone. Boukman and Toussaint are dead. I killed the madman Jeannot. Biassou and Jean-François are gone, most likely to Florida. I received word that Toussaint died in prison, but no word on what happened to his body thereafter.[...] I have liberated Saint-Domingue. But at what cost?\|Eseosa, 1804.\|Assassin's Creed: Initiates\|Eseosa's Codex}}
			[[File:RisingUpFromSlavery Toussaint.jpg\|thumb\|210px\|left\|Portrait of Toussaint Louverture]]
	By 1793, as the Haitian Revolution evolved into a full-scale war, Toussaint's role became much more prominent as he began to develop an autonomy from Biassou, having soldiers that answered only to him. Meanwhile, Eseosa secretly trained Toussaint's men and instigated uprisings for him to subdue in order to boost his reputation.<ref name="ACI" />		By 1793, as the Haitian Revolution evolved into a full-scale war, Toussaint's role became much more prominent as he began to develop an autonomy from Biassou, having soldiers that answered only to him. Meanwhile, Eseosa secretly trained Toussaint's men and instigated uprisings for him to subdue in order to boost his reputation.<ref name="ACI" />

	~~[[File:RisingUpFromSlavery Toussaint.jpg\|thumb\|220px\|left\|Portrait of Toussaint Louverture]]~~
	The following year, the French government abolished slavery, prompting Toussaint to forego his alliance with the [[Spain\|Spanish]] in exchange for one with the French. Becoming a French commander, he soon defended the island from the invading [[British Empire\|British]], who attempted to take Haiti.<ref name="ACI" />		The following year, the French government abolished slavery, prompting Toussaint to forego his alliance with the [[Spain\|Spanish]] in exchange for one with the French. Becoming a French commander, he soon defended the island from the invading [[British Empire\|British]], who attempted to take Haiti.<ref name="ACI" />

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	In 1801, Eseosa and Toussaint deposed the Templar [[Jean-Louis Villatte]], who had declared himself governor, though in doing so Toussaint became the absolute ruler of Haiti. Toussaint later received a warning from [[Napoleon Bonaparte]], the First Consul of France, not to overstep his bounds, but the Assassin ignored him and conquered the Spanish colony of Santo Domingo, liberating all of its slaves. Consequently, in October 1801, Napoleon decided to remove Toussaint from power, seeing him as a threat, and sent his brother-in-law, General [[Charles Leclerc]], to Haiti.<ref name="ACI" />		In 1801, Eseosa and Toussaint deposed the Templar [[Jean-Louis Villatte]], who had declared himself governor, though in doing so Toussaint became the absolute ruler of Haiti. Toussaint later received a warning from [[Napoleon Bonaparte]], the First Consul of France, not to overstep his bounds, but the Assassin ignored him and conquered the Spanish colony of Santo Domingo, liberating all of its slaves. Consequently, in October 1801, Napoleon decided to remove Toussaint from power, seeing him as a threat, and sent his brother-in-law, General [[Charles Leclerc]], to Haiti.<ref name="ACI" />

	After months of fighting, Toussaint eventually signed a treaty with the French in May 1802, agreeing to be arrested and sent to France while Haiti was turned back into a French colony. However, Leclerc failed to consolidate his victory by disarming Toussaint's old soldiers and they rose up again.<ref name="ACI" />		After months of fighting, Toussaint eventually signed a treaty with the French in May 1802, agreeing to be arrested and sent to France while Haiti was turned back into a French colony. However, Leclerc failed to consolidate his victory by disarming Toussaint's old soldiers, and they rose up again.<ref name="ACI" />

	[[File:WhatPriceFreedom.jpg\|thumb\|250px\|Eseosa arriving at the Davenport Homestead]]		[[File:WhatPriceFreedom.jpg\|thumb\|250px\|Eseosa arriving at the Davenport Homestead]]

imported>Darman36 at 04:00, 29 September 2025

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	{{Faction Infobox		{{Faction Infobox
	\|image =		\|image =
	\|founder = [[François Mackandal]] {{c\|~~first incarnation~~}}<br>[[Eseosa]] {{c\|~~second incarnation~~}}		\|founder = [[François Mackandal]] {{c\|1730s}}<br>[[Eseosa]] {{c\|1776}}
	\|leader = [[Mentor]]		\|leader = [[Mentor]]
	\|headquarters = Near [[Port-au-Prince]]<br>Bréda Plantation		\|headquarters = Near [[Port-au-Prince]]<br>Bréda Plantation
	\|locations = [[Haiti]]		\|locations = [[Haiti]]
	~~\|related = [[Assassins]]<br>[[Maroon rebellion]]<br>Empire of Haiti~~
	~~\|notable = [[François Mackandal]]<br>[[Agaté]]<br>[[Baptiste]]<br>[[Vendredi]]<br>[[Babatunde Josèphe]]<br>[[Eseosa]]<br>[[Dutty Boukman]]<br>[[Toussaint Louverture]]~~
	\|active = c. 1732 – 1758 {{c\|collapsed}}<br>c. 1776 – 1804 {{c\|collapsed}}<br>c. 1971		\|active = c. 1732 – 1758 {{c\|collapsed}}<br>c. 1776 – 1804 {{c\|collapsed}}<br>c. 1971
	}}		}}
	The '''Saint-Domingue Brotherhood of Assassins''', also known as the '''Haitian Brotherhood of Assassins''', is the [[Assassin Guilds\|guild]] of [[Assassins]] located in [[Haiti]], formerly the [[France\|French]] colony of Saint-Domingue. The organization's first incarnation was founded in the early 18th century by the [[Maroons\|Maroon]] leader and Assassin [[François Mackandal]] as a splinter branch from the [[West Indies Brotherhood of Assassins\|West Indies Brotherhood]].		The '''Saint-Domingue Brotherhood of Assassins''', also known as the '''Haitian Brotherhood of Assassins''', is the [[Assassin Guilds\|guild]] of [[Assassins]] located in [[Haiti]], formerly the [[France\|French]] colony of Saint-Domingue. The organization's first incarnation was founded in the early 18th century by the [[Maroons\|Maroon]] leader and Assassin [[François Mackandal]] as a splinter branch from the [[West Indies Brotherhood of Assassins\|West Indies Brotherhood]].

	An extremist [[Mentor]] with a radical interpretation of [[the Creed]], Mackandal sought to secure Saint-Domingue's independence and liberate its enslaved population by eliminating all of the island's white colonists. He recruited many slaves to his cause and refused any outside interference from other Brotherhoods, due to them opposing his violent methods. Mackandal ~~would~~ eventually be arrested and executed in 1758, before he could succeed in his goal, leading to his guild's collapse.		An extremist [[Mentor]] with a radical interpretation of [[the Creed]], Mackandal sought to secure Saint-Domingue's independence and liberate its [[Slavery\|enslaved]] Black population by eliminating all of the island's white colonists. He recruited many slaves to his cause and refused any outside interference from other Brotherhoods, due to them opposing his violent methods. Mackandal was eventually arrested and executed in 1758 before he could succeed in his goal, leading to his guild's collapse.

	Circa 1776, a second incarnation of the Haitian Brotherhood was formed by [[Eseosa]], the grandson of [[Adéwalé]], who recruited several like-minded individuals to organize a slave revolt against Saint-Domingue's French rulers. This revolt eventually escalated into the [[Haitian Revolution]], which saw many Assassins like [[Toussaint Louverture]] playing central roles, commanding armies against the French forces.		Circa 1776, a second incarnation of the Haitian Brotherhood was formed by [[Eseosa]], the grandson of [[Adéwalé]], who recruited several like-minded individuals to organize a slave revolt against Saint-Domingue's French rulers. This revolt eventually escalated into the [[Haitian Revolution]], which saw many Assassins like [[Toussaint Louverture]] playing central roles, commanding armies against the French forces.

imported>Gener4l Cl4ank4 at 22:40, 27 September 2025

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	By 1758, Mackandal's plan to poison several colonists in Saint-Domingue had failed and he was captured by the authorities.<ref name="The False Mackandal">''[[Assassin's Creed III: Liberation]]'' – [[The False Mackandal]]</ref> The [[Master Templar]] [[Madeleine de L'Isle]] ensured that he was executed,<ref>''[[Assassin's Creed: Rogue]]'' – [[Numbskull's personal files]]: "Berg's Inspiration – Baptiste"</ref> and on 20 January, the Saint-Domingue Mentor was put to death by fire. Agaté attempted to save Mackandal, but his efforts were futile. Agaté subsequently retreated to [[Louisiana]] and hid around the [[Louisiana Bayou\|bayou]] in his personal [[Agaté's Hut\|hideout]].<ref name="The False Mackandal" /> Baptiste, meanwhile, felt betrayed by Agaté and began forming his own Brotherhood, keeping true to Mackandal's teachings, which ultimately led him to become an ally of the Templar Order.<ref name="Eve of Saint John">''[[Assassin's Creed III: Liberation]]'' – [[Eve of Saint John]]</ref>		By 1758, Mackandal's plan to poison several colonists in Saint-Domingue had failed and he was captured by the authorities.<ref name="The False Mackandal">''[[Assassin's Creed III: Liberation]]'' – [[The False Mackandal]]</ref> The [[Master Templar]] [[Madeleine de L'Isle]] ensured that he was executed,<ref>''[[Assassin's Creed: Rogue]]'' – [[Numbskull's personal files]]: "Berg's Inspiration – Baptiste"</ref> and on 20 January, the Saint-Domingue Mentor was put to death by fire. Agaté attempted to save Mackandal, but his efforts were futile. Agaté subsequently retreated to [[Louisiana]] and hid around the [[Louisiana Bayou\|bayou]] in his personal [[Agaté's Hut\|hideout]].<ref name="The False Mackandal" /> Baptiste, meanwhile, felt betrayed by Agaté and began forming his own Brotherhood, keeping true to Mackandal's teachings, which ultimately led him to become an ally of the Templar Order.<ref name="Eve of Saint John">''[[Assassin's Creed III: Liberation]]'' – [[Eve of Saint John]]</ref>

	In the meantime, Adéwalé was assassinated by [[Shay Cormac]] during the Templars' [[Great Purge (1757-1763)\|purge]] of the Colonial Brotherhood. With the death of the legendary Assassin and the lack of Mackandal's ~~leadship~~, the Saint-Domingue Brotherhood soon fell apart.<ref name="Bravado">''[[Assassin's Creed: Rogue]]'' – [[Bravado]]</ref>		In the meantime, Adéwalé was assassinated by [[Shay Cormac]] during the Templars' [[Great Purge (1757-1763)\|purge]] of the Colonial Brotherhood. With the death of the legendary Assassin and the lack of Mackandal's leadership, the Saint-Domingue Brotherhood soon fell apart.<ref name="Bravado">''[[Assassin's Creed: Rogue]]'' – [[Bravado]]</ref>

	===Second incarnation===		===Second incarnation===

imported>Gener4l Cl4ank4 at 22:37, 27 September 2025

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	However, most of the Brotherhood's members would perish during the revolution or abandon the Brotherhood because of their personal political views and alliances. By 1804, as the last surviving Haitian Assassin, Eseosa planned to rebuild the guild and depose [[Jean-Jacques Dessalines]], Haiti's new brutal ruler. To this end, he left the country and traveled to the [[United States]] to seek the aid of the [[American Brotherhood of Assassins\|Colonial Assassins]] and their leader, [[Ratonhnhaké:ton]].		However, most of the Brotherhood's members would perish during the revolution or abandon the Brotherhood because of their personal political views and alliances. By 1804, as the last surviving Haitian Assassin, Eseosa planned to rebuild the guild and depose [[Jean-Jacques Dessalines]], Haiti's new brutal ruler. To this end, he left the country and traveled to the [[United States]] to seek the aid of the [[American Brotherhood of Assassins\|Colonial Assassins]] and their leader, [[Ratonhnhaké:ton]].

			By the late 20th century, the Assassins again maintained a presence in Haiti and, in 1971, were responsible for the death of [[François Duvalier]], the country's corrupt president.

	==History==		==History==

imported>Gener4l Cl4ank4 at 18:48, 23 July 2025

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	In 1791, Toussaint took command of Biassou's troops and attempted to negotiate a treaty between the rebels and the French troops, but was unsuccessful. Meanwhile, Bullet broke the Creed's tenents by overseeing the massacre of white and mulatto [[Civilian\|civilians]], leading Eseosa to sentence him to death.<ref name="ACI"/>		In 1791, Toussaint took command of Biassou's troops and attempted to negotiate a treaty between the rebels and the French troops, but was unsuccessful. Meanwhile, Bullet broke the Creed's tenents by overseeing the massacre of white and mulatto [[Civilian\|civilians]], leading Eseosa to sentence him to death.<ref name="ACI"/>

	That same year, Boukman was captured by French forces during a battle near Acul and was executed in the public square of [[Cap Français]].<ref name="ACI" /> His fellow Assassin [[Elsie]] hoped to save him and recover a [[Dutty Boukman's book\|~~book~~]] ~~in his possession~~, but was stopped from doing so by [[Fabien]], who believed Boukman's sacrifice would further their cause.<ref>''[[Assassin's Creed FCBD 2016 Edition]]''</ref>		That same year, Boukman was captured by French forces during a battle near Acul and was executed, having his head impaled on a stake in the public square of [[Cap Français]].<ref name="ACI" /> His fellow Assassin [[Elsie]] hoped to save him and recover [[Dutty Boukman's book\|his writings]], but was stopped from doing so by [[Fabien]], who believed that Boukman's sacrifice would further their cause.<ref>''[[Assassin's Creed FCBD 2016 Edition]]''</ref>

	====Haitian Revolution====		====Haitian Revolution====

imported>Gener4l Cl4ank4 at 17:55, 23 July 2025

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	{{Assassins nav}}		{{Assassins nav}}
	{{Initiates}}		{{Initiates}}
			{{ACComic}}
	{{ACfilm}}		{{ACfilm}}
	[[zh:圣多明克刺客兄弟会]]		[[zh:圣多明克刺客兄弟会]]
	[[fr:Assassins haïtiens]]		[[fr:Assassins haïtiens]]
	[[Category:Assassin guilds]]		[[Category:Assassin guilds]]

imported>Gener4l Cl4ank4 at 09:45, 17 April 2025

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	\|image =		\|image =
	\|founder = [[François Mackandal]] {{c\|first incarnation}}<br>[[Eseosa]] {{c\|second incarnation}}		\|founder = [[François Mackandal]] {{c\|first incarnation}}<br>[[Eseosa]] {{c\|second incarnation}}
	\|leader = ~~[[Assassin leader]]<br>~~[[Mentor]]		\|leader = [[Mentor]]
	\|headquarters = Near [[Port-au-Prince]]<br>Bréda Plantation		\|headquarters = Near [[Port-au-Prince]]<br>Bréda Plantation
	\|locations = [[Haiti]]		\|locations = [[Haiti]]
	~~\|formed = 1730s {{c\|first incarantion}}<br>c. 1776 {{c\|second incarnation}}~~
	\|related = [[Assassins]]<br>[[Maroon rebellion]]<br>Empire of Haiti		\|related = [[Assassins]]<br>[[Maroon rebellion]]<br>Empire of Haiti
	\|notable = [[François Mackandal]]<br>[[Agaté]]<br>[[Baptiste]]<br>[[Vendredi]]<br>[[Babatunde Josèphe]]<br>[[Eseosa]]<br>[[Dutty Boukman]]<br>[[Toussaint Louverture]]		\|notable = [[François Mackandal]]<br>[[Agaté]]<br>[[Baptiste]]<br>[[Vendredi]]<br>[[Babatunde Josèphe]]<br>[[Eseosa]]<br>[[Dutty Boukman]]<br>[[Toussaint Louverture]]
			\|active = c. 1732 – 1758 {{c\|collapsed}}<br>c. 1776 – 1804 {{c\|collapsed}}<br>c. 1971
	}}		}}
	The '''Saint-Domingue Brotherhood of Assassins''', also known as the '''Haitian Brotherhood of Assassins''', is the [[Assassin Guilds\|guild]] of [[Assassins]] located in [[Haiti]], formerly the [[France\|French]] colony of Saint-Domingue. The organization's first incarnation was founded in the early 18th century by the [[Maroons\|Maroon]] leader and Assassin [[François Mackandal]] as a splinter branch from the [[West Indies Brotherhood of Assassins\|West Indies Brotherhood]].		The '''Saint-Domingue Brotherhood of Assassins''', also known as the '''Haitian Brotherhood of Assassins''', is the [[Assassin Guilds\|guild]] of [[Assassins]] located in [[Haiti]], formerly the [[France\|French]] colony of Saint-Domingue. The organization's first incarnation was founded in the early 18th century by the [[Maroons\|Maroon]] leader and Assassin [[François Mackandal]] as a splinter branch from the [[West Indies Brotherhood of Assassins\|West Indies Brotherhood]].
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	====Early activities====		====Early activities====
	{{Quote\|I am not alone. I have gathered allies. Georges Biassou, a man of some renown among the slaves; Dutty Boukman, a Vodou houngan from Jamaica; and Toussaint Bréda, who I think has the potential to be the greatest of us all.\|Eseosa on his allies, 1776.\|Assassin's Creed: Initiates\|Eseosa's Codex}}		{{Quote\|I am not alone. I have gathered allies. Georges Biassou, a man of some renown among the slaves; Dutty Boukman, a Vodou houngan from Jamaica; and Toussaint Bréda, who I think has the potential to be the greatest of us all.\|Eseosa on his allies, 1776.\|Assassin's Creed: Initiates\|Eseosa's Codex}}
	[[File:~~ACInitiates~~ Eseosa.~~png~~\|thumb\|~~170px~~\|Eseosa]]		[[File:AFamilyVow Eseosa.jpg\|thumb\|220px\|A sketch of Eseosa]]
	Around 1776, Babatunde's son [[Eseosa]] began plotting the [[Haitian Revolution]] and rebuilding the Brotherhood, sharing his father and grandfather's wish of creating a Saint-Domingue in which black and white citizens lived equally. He considered Mackandal a disgrace to the Brotherhood, and was disgusted by his brutality. Buying [[Toussaint Louverture\|Toussaint Bréda]] out of slavery, he recruited [[Dutty Boukman]], [[Georges Biassou]], [[Jean-François Papillon]] and [[Jeannot Bullet]] into the Brotherhood. Following a Vodou ceremony by Boukman, the revolution ignited, secretly led by the Assassins.<ref name="ACI"/>		Around 1776, Babatunde's son [[Eseosa]] began plotting the [[Haitian Revolution]] and rebuilding the Brotherhood, sharing his father and grandfather's wish of creating a Saint-Domingue in which black and white citizens lived equally. He considered Mackandal a disgrace to the Brotherhood, and was disgusted by his brutality. Buying [[Toussaint Louverture\|Toussaint Bréda]] out of slavery, he recruited [[Dutty Boukman]], [[Georges Biassou]], [[Jean-François Papillon]] and [[Jeannot Bullet]] into the Brotherhood. Following a Vodou ceremony by Boukman, the revolution ignited, secretly led by the Assassins.<ref name="ACI"/>

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	By 1793, as the Haitian Revolution evolved into a full-scale war, Toussaint's role became much more prominent as he began to develop an autonomy from Biassou, having soldiers that answered only to him. Meanwhile, Eseosa secretly trained Toussaint's men and instigated uprisings for him to subdue in order to boost his reputation.<ref name="ACI" />		By 1793, as the Haitian Revolution evolved into a full-scale war, Toussaint's role became much more prominent as he began to develop an autonomy from Biassou, having soldiers that answered only to him. Meanwhile, Eseosa secretly trained Toussaint's men and instigated uprisings for him to subdue in order to boost his reputation.<ref name="ACI" />

	[[File:RisingUpFromSlavery Toussaint.jpg\|thumb\|220px\|left\|Toussaint Louverture]]		[[File:RisingUpFromSlavery Toussaint.jpg\|thumb\|220px\|left\|Portrait of Toussaint Louverture]]
	The following year, the French government abolished slavery, prompting Toussaint to forego his alliance with the [[Spain\|Spanish]] in exchange for one with the French. Becoming a French commander, he soon defended the island from the invading [[British Empire\|British]], who attempted to take Haiti.<ref name="ACI" />		The following year, the French government abolished slavery, prompting Toussaint to forego his alliance with the [[Spain\|Spanish]] in exchange for one with the French. Becoming a French commander, he soon defended the island from the invading [[British Empire\|British]], who attempted to take Haiti.<ref name="ACI" />

	Eventually, Toussaint began to establish his own government and laws, operating alongside the ones put in place by the French. During this time, Biassou and Papillon lost their ~~fate~~ in the rebellion and joined the Spanish, leaving Haiti and the Brotherhood.<ref name="ACI" />		Eventually, Toussaint began to establish his own government and laws, operating alongside the ones put in place by the French. During this time, Biassou and Papillon lost their faith in the rebellion and joined the Spanish, leaving Haiti and the Brotherhood.<ref name="ACI" />

	In 1801, Eseosa and Toussaint deposed the Templar [[Jean-Louis Villatte]], who had declared himself governor, though in doing so Toussaint became the absolute ruler of Haiti. Toussaint later received a warning from [[Napoleon Bonaparte]], the First Consul of France, not to overstep his bounds, but the Assassin ignored him and conquered the Spanish colony of Santo Domingo, liberating all of its slaves. Consequently, in October 1801, Napoleon decided to remove Toussaint from power, seeing him as a threat, and sent his brother-in-law, General [[Charles Leclerc]], to Haiti.<ref name="ACI" />		In 1801, Eseosa and Toussaint deposed the Templar [[Jean-Louis Villatte]], who had declared himself governor, though in doing so Toussaint became the absolute ruler of Haiti. Toussaint later received a warning from [[Napoleon Bonaparte]], the First Consul of France, not to overstep his bounds, but the Assassin ignored him and conquered the Spanish colony of Santo Domingo, liberating all of its slaves. Consequently, in October 1801, Napoleon decided to remove Toussaint from power, seeing him as a threat, and sent his brother-in-law, General [[Charles Leclerc]], to Haiti.<ref name="ACI" />
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	*[[Jeannot Bullet]] {{c\|defected}}		*[[Jeannot Bullet]] {{c\|defected}}
	*[[Elsie]]		*[[Elsie]]
	*[[Eseosa]] {{c\|leader; c. 1776}}		*[[Eseosa]] {{c\|leader; c. 1776 – 1804}}
	*[[Fabien]]		*[[Fabien]]
	*[[Toussaint Louverture]]		*[[Toussaint Louverture]]