Iraq - Revision history

Soranin: Text replacement - "{{wiki|" to "{{Wiki|"

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Text replacement - "{{wiki|" to "{{Wiki|"

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	\|image1= ACMir Baghdad Overview.jpg		\|image1= ACMir Baghdad Overview.jpg
	\|caption1= Baghdad in the 860s		\|caption1= Baghdad in the 860s
	\|languages= {{~~wiki~~\|Modern Standard Arabic\|Arabic}}<br>{{~~wiki~~\|Kurdish languages\|Kurdish}}		\|languages= {{Wiki\|Modern Standard Arabic\|Arabic}}<br>{{Wiki\|Kurdish languages\|Kurdish}}
	\|religion= [[Islam]]		\|religion= [[Islam]]
	\|demonym= {{~~wiki~~\|Iraqis\|Iraqi}}		\|demonym= {{Wiki\|Iraqis\|Iraqi}}
	\|current_state= {{~~wiki~~\|Republic of Iraq}}		\|current_state= {{Wiki\|Republic of Iraq}}
	\|capital= [[Baghdad]]		\|capital= [[Baghdad]]
	\|assassin_branch= [[Hidden Ones of Alamut\|Alamut Brotherhood]]		\|assassin_branch= [[Hidden Ones of Alamut\|Alamut Brotherhood]]
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	\|region= [[Asia]]		\|region= [[Asia]]
	\|features=		\|features=
	\|major_cities= {{~~wiki~~\|Basra}}		\|major_cities= {{Wiki\|Basra}}
	\|major_landmarks=		\|major_landmarks=
	\|isu_vault(s)= [[Northern Oasis vault]]<br>[[Excavation Site, Baghdad\|Excavation Site]]		\|isu_vault(s)= [[Northern Oasis vault]]<br>[[Excavation Site, Baghdad\|Excavation Site]]
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	==History==		==History==
	===Origins===		===Origins===
	The modern state of Iraq emerged out of colonialism as the [[British Empire\|British]] and [[France\|French]] {{Wiki\|Sykes–Picot Agreement\|partitioned}} the [[Ottoman Empire]] amongst themselves against promises of a united [[Arabia\|Arab state]].<ref name="McMahon–Hussein Correspondence">{{WP\|McMahon–Hussein Correspondence}}</ref><ref name="Arab Revolt">{{WP\|Arab Revolt}}</ref><ref name="Sharifian Solution">{{WP\|Sharifian Solution}}</ref><ref name="Bentley 2015 ch33">Bentley, Jerry H., et al. (2015). "The Great War: The World in Upheaval". In ''Traditions and Encounters: A Global Perspective on the Past'', 6th ed. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill Education, pp. 780–808.</ref> Despite this, the contemporary boundaries correspond roughly to those of older territorial entities, such as the province of Iraq under the [[Abbasid Caliphate]],<ref name="Abbasid provinces">[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/User:Cattette Cattette]. "[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Abbasid_Caliphate_850AD.png Abbasid Caliphate 850 AD]". ''Wikimedia Commons''. Last updated 29 March 2021. Accessed 8 November 2023.</ref> the ancient kingdom of [[Babylonia]], and the city-states of {{~~wiki~~\|Sumer}}, all of which were situated in the {{~~wiki~~\|Fertile Crescent\|fertile plains}} between the rivers [[Tigris]] and [[Euphrates]].<ref name="Spielvogel 2018">Spielvogel, Jackson J. (2018). "The Ancient Near East: The First Civilizations". In ''Western Civilization'', 10th ed. Boston, MA: Cengage Learning, pp. 1–31.</ref><ref name="Bentley 2015 ch1">Bentley, Jerry H., et al. (2015). "The Early Complex Societies, 3500 to 500 B.C.E.". In ''Traditions and Encounters: A Global Perspective on the Past'', 6th ed. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill Education, pp. 2–129.</ref>		The modern state of Iraq emerged out of colonialism as the [[British Empire\|British]] and [[France\|French]] {{Wiki\|Sykes–Picot Agreement\|partitioned}} the [[Ottoman Empire]] amongst themselves against promises of a united [[Arabia\|Arab state]].<ref name="McMahon–Hussein Correspondence">{{WP\|McMahon–Hussein Correspondence}}</ref><ref name="Arab Revolt">{{WP\|Arab Revolt}}</ref><ref name="Sharifian Solution">{{WP\|Sharifian Solution}}</ref><ref name="Bentley 2015 ch33">Bentley, Jerry H., et al. (2015). "The Great War: The World in Upheaval". In ''Traditions and Encounters: A Global Perspective on the Past'', 6th ed. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill Education, pp. 780–808.</ref> Despite this, the contemporary boundaries correspond roughly to those of older territorial entities, such as the province of Iraq under the [[Abbasid Caliphate]],<ref name="Abbasid provinces">[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/User:Cattette Cattette]. "[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Abbasid_Caliphate_850AD.png Abbasid Caliphate 850 AD]". ''Wikimedia Commons''. Last updated 29 March 2021. Accessed 8 November 2023.</ref> the ancient kingdom of [[Babylonia]], and the city-states of {{Wiki\|Sumer}}, all of which were situated in the {{Wiki\|Fertile Crescent\|fertile plains}} between the rivers [[Tigris]] and [[Euphrates]].<ref name="Spielvogel 2018">Spielvogel, Jackson J. (2018). "The Ancient Near East: The First Civilizations". In ''Western Civilization'', 10th ed. Boston, MA: Cengage Learning, pp. 1–31.</ref><ref name="Bentley 2015 ch1">Bentley, Jerry H., et al. (2015). "The Early Complex Societies, 3500 to 500 B.C.E.". In ''Traditions and Encounters: A Global Perspective on the Past'', 6th ed. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill Education, pp. 2–129.</ref>

	===Medieval period===		===Medieval period===

General Clanker at 20:28, 24 June 2026

2026-06-24T20:28:15Z

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	===Medieval period===		===Medieval period===
	When the Abbasids [[Abbasid Revolution\|overthrew]] the reigning [[Umayyad Caliphate\|Umayyads]] in the mid-8th century, the new regime moved the capital from [[Damascus]] in the [[Levant]] to [[Baghdad]] in Iraq to be closer to the [[Iran\|Persian]] allies who facilitated their victory.<ref name="Abbasid Revolution">''[[Assassin's Creed: Mirage]]'' – [[Database: Abbasid Revolution\|Codex: Abbasid Revolution]]</ref> Baghdad greatly grew to become an international hub of commerce, education, culture, and finance so that by the 9th century,<ref name="Center of a World">''[[Assassin's Creed: Mirage]]'' – [[Database: Center of a World\|Codex: Center of a World]]</ref> it was a cosmopolitan city at the forefront of the world's scientific and literary advances.<ref name="Scientific Method">''[[Assassin's Creed: Mirage]]'' – [[Database: Scientific Method\|Codex: Scientific Method]]</ref><ref name="Translation Movement">''[[Assassin's Creed: Mirage]]'' – [[Database: Translation Movement\|Codex: Translation Movement]]</ref><ref name="Healthcare">''[[Assassin's Creed: Mirage]]'' – [[Database: Healthcare\|Codex: Healthcare]]</ref><ref name="Arabic as a Cultural Unifier">''[[Assassin's Creed: Mirage]]'' – [[Database: Arabic as a Cultural Unifier\|Arabic as a Cultural Unifier]]</ref>		When the Abbasids [[Abbasid Revolution\|overthrew]] the reigning [[Umayyad Caliphate\|Umayyads]] in the mid-8th century, the new regime moved the capital from [[Damascus]] in the [[Levant]] to [[Baghdad]] in Iraq to be closer to the [[Iran\|Persian]] allies who facilitated their victory.<ref name="Abbasid Revolution">''[[Assassin's Creed: Mirage]]'' – [[Database: Abbasid Revolution\|Codex: Abbasid Revolution]]</ref> Baghdad greatly grew to become an international hub of commerce, education, culture, and finance so that, by the 9th century,<ref name="Center of a World">''[[Assassin's Creed: Mirage]]'' – [[Database: Center of a World\|Codex: Center of a World]]</ref> it was a cosmopolitan city at the forefront of the world's scientific and literary advances.<ref name="Scientific Method">''[[Assassin's Creed: Mirage]]'' – [[Database: Scientific Method\|Codex: Scientific Method]]</ref><ref name="Translation Movement">''[[Assassin's Creed: Mirage]]'' – [[Database: Translation Movement\|Codex: Translation Movement]]</ref><ref name="Healthcare">''[[Assassin's Creed: Mirage]]'' – [[Database: Healthcare\|Codex: Healthcare]]</ref><ref name="Arabic as a Cultural Unifier">''[[Assassin's Creed: Mirage]]'' – [[Database: Arabic as a Cultural Unifier\|Arabic as a Cultural Unifier]]</ref>

	By the mid-9th century, both the [[Assassins\|Hidden Ones]] and their sworn rivals, the [[Order of the Ancients]], had spread their influence to Baghdad, with the latter infiltrating the Abbasid Caliphate's highest levels of power and corrupting the city's administration. The Ancients held control over Baghdad's trade,<ref name="Gilded Butterflies">''[[Assassin's Creed: Mirage]]'' – [[Gilded Butterflies]]</ref> military,<ref name="Den of the Beast">''[[Assassin's Creed: Mirage]]'' – [[Den of the Beast]]</ref> and government,<ref name="Judge and Executioner">''[[Assassin's Creed: Mirage]]'' – [[Judge and Executioner]]</ref> and used their vast resources to set up excavation sites around the city to find [[Isu]] ruins and the [[Piece of Eden\|artifacts]] they housed.<ref name="First Order">''[[Assassin's Creed: Mirage]]'' – [[First Order]]</ref><ref name="The Great Symposium">''[[Assassin's Creed: Mirage]]'' – [[The Great Symposium]]</ref> The Order even held sway over the caliph [[al-Mutawakkil]],<ref name="Master Thief">''[[Assassin's Creed: Mirage]]'' – [[The Master Thief of Anbar]]</ref> whose [[concubine]] [[Qabiha]] secretly led the organization as its [[Ra's Al-Af'a]].<ref name="The Serpent's Nest">''[[Assassin's Creed: Mirage]]'' – [[The Serpent's Nest]]</ref>		By the mid-9th century, both the [[Assassins\|Hidden Ones]] and their sworn rivals, the [[Order of the Ancients]], had spread their influence to Baghdad, with the latter infiltrating the Abbasid Caliphate's highest levels of power and corrupting the city's administration. The Ancients held control over Baghdad's trade,<ref name="Gilded Butterflies">''[[Assassin's Creed: Mirage]]'' – [[Gilded Butterflies]]</ref> military,<ref name="Den of the Beast">''[[Assassin's Creed: Mirage]]'' – [[Den of the Beast]]</ref> and government,<ref name="Judge and Executioner">''[[Assassin's Creed: Mirage]]'' – [[Judge and Executioner]]</ref> and used their vast resources to set up excavation sites around the city to find [[Isu]] ruins and the [[Piece of Eden\|artifacts]] they housed.<ref name="First Order">''[[Assassin's Creed: Mirage]]'' – [[First Order]]</ref><ref name="The Great Symposium">''[[Assassin's Creed: Mirage]]'' – [[The Great Symposium]]</ref> The Order even held sway over the caliph [[al-Mutawakkil]],<ref name="Master Thief">''[[Assassin's Creed: Mirage]]'' – [[The Master Thief of Anbar]]</ref> whose [[concubine]] [[Qabiha]] secretly led the organization as its [[Ra's Al-Af'a]].<ref name="The Serpent's Nest">''[[Assassin's Creed: Mirage]]'' – [[The Serpent's Nest]]</ref>

Soranin: Text replacement - "Basim Ibn Ishaq" to "Basim ibn Ishaq"

2026-05-24T23:07:48Z

Text replacement - "Basim Ibn Ishaq" to "Basim ibn Ishaq"

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	By the mid-9th century, both the [[Assassins\|Hidden Ones]] and their sworn rivals, the [[Order of the Ancients]], had spread their influence to Baghdad, with the latter infiltrating the Abbasid Caliphate's highest levels of power and corrupting the city's administration. The Ancients held control over Baghdad's trade,<ref name="Gilded Butterflies">''[[Assassin's Creed: Mirage]]'' – [[Gilded Butterflies]]</ref> military,<ref name="Den of the Beast">''[[Assassin's Creed: Mirage]]'' – [[Den of the Beast]]</ref> and government,<ref name="Judge and Executioner">''[[Assassin's Creed: Mirage]]'' – [[Judge and Executioner]]</ref> and used their vast resources to set up excavation sites around the city to find [[Isu]] ruins and the [[Piece of Eden\|artifacts]] they housed.<ref name="First Order">''[[Assassin's Creed: Mirage]]'' – [[First Order]]</ref><ref name="The Great Symposium">''[[Assassin's Creed: Mirage]]'' – [[The Great Symposium]]</ref> The Order even held sway over the caliph [[al-Mutawakkil]],<ref name="Master Thief">''[[Assassin's Creed: Mirage]]'' – [[The Master Thief of Anbar]]</ref> whose [[concubine]] [[Qabiha]] secretly led the organization as its [[Ra's Al-Af'a]].<ref name="The Serpent's Nest">''[[Assassin's Creed: Mirage]]'' – [[The Serpent's Nest]]</ref>		By the mid-9th century, both the [[Assassins\|Hidden Ones]] and their sworn rivals, the [[Order of the Ancients]], had spread their influence to Baghdad, with the latter infiltrating the Abbasid Caliphate's highest levels of power and corrupting the city's administration. The Ancients held control over Baghdad's trade,<ref name="Gilded Butterflies">''[[Assassin's Creed: Mirage]]'' – [[Gilded Butterflies]]</ref> military,<ref name="Den of the Beast">''[[Assassin's Creed: Mirage]]'' – [[Den of the Beast]]</ref> and government,<ref name="Judge and Executioner">''[[Assassin's Creed: Mirage]]'' – [[Judge and Executioner]]</ref> and used their vast resources to set up excavation sites around the city to find [[Isu]] ruins and the [[Piece of Eden\|artifacts]] they housed.<ref name="First Order">''[[Assassin's Creed: Mirage]]'' – [[First Order]]</ref><ref name="The Great Symposium">''[[Assassin's Creed: Mirage]]'' – [[The Great Symposium]]</ref> The Order even held sway over the caliph [[al-Mutawakkil]],<ref name="Master Thief">''[[Assassin's Creed: Mirage]]'' – [[The Master Thief of Anbar]]</ref> whose [[concubine]] [[Qabiha]] secretly led the organization as its [[Ra's Al-Af'a]].<ref name="The Serpent's Nest">''[[Assassin's Creed: Mirage]]'' – [[The Serpent's Nest]]</ref>

	During the [[Anarchy at Samarra]], a period of extreme instability caused by the succession crisis following al-Mutawakkil's sudden death in 861, the Hidden Ones worked to diminish the Order's influence over the Caliphate. [[Basim ~~Ibn~~ Ishaq]] assassinated the Ancients operating in Baghdad, gradually removing the Order's corruption,<ref name="ACMir">''[[Assassin's Creed: Mirage]]</ref> but also inadvertently leading to a {{Wiki\|Abbasid civil war (865–866)\|civil war}} between the reigning caliph, [[al-Musta'in]], who was supported by the [[Turkic Army]], and his cousin [[Al-Mu'tazz\|Abu 'Abdallah]], who challenged his claim to the throne.<ref name="Judge and Executioner"/><ref>''[[Assassin's Creed: Mirage]]'' – [[The Head of the Snake]]</ref>		During the [[Anarchy at Samarra]], a period of extreme instability caused by the succession crisis following al-Mutawakkil's sudden death in 861, the Hidden Ones worked to diminish the Order's influence over the Caliphate. [[Basim ibn Ishaq]] assassinated the Ancients operating in Baghdad, gradually removing the Order's corruption,<ref name="ACMir">''[[Assassin's Creed: Mirage]]</ref> but also inadvertently leading to a {{Wiki\|Abbasid civil war (865–866)\|civil war}} between the reigning caliph, [[al-Musta'in]], who was supported by the [[Turkic Army]], and his cousin [[Al-Mu'tazz\|Abu 'Abdallah]], who challenged his claim to the throne.<ref name="Judge and Executioner"/><ref>''[[Assassin's Creed: Mirage]]'' – [[The Head of the Snake]]</ref>

	The Caliphate's rule continued to be turbulent throughout the following centuries, and the Abbasid period eventually came to an end in 1258. The [[Mongol Empire]]'s [[Sack of Baghdad]], which targeted much of the city's intellectual institutions like the [[House of Wisdom]],<ref name="Revelations novel">[[Assassin's Creed: Revelations (novel)\|''Assassin's Creed: Revelations'' novel]]</ref> was the death-knell to the already weakened Abbasids and led to a decline that lasted many centuries.{{Fact\|8 November 2023}}		The Caliphate's rule continued to be turbulent throughout the following centuries, and the Abbasid period eventually came to an end in 1258. The [[Mongol Empire]]'s [[Sack of Baghdad]], which targeted much of the city's intellectual institutions like the [[House of Wisdom]],<ref name="Revelations novel">[[Assassin's Creed: Revelations (novel)\|''Assassin's Creed: Revelations'' novel]]</ref> was the death-knell to the already weakened Abbasids and led to a decline that lasted many centuries.{{Fact\|8 November 2023}}

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	==References==		==References==
	{{Scroll box\|content={{Reflist\|2}}}}		{{Scroll box\|content={{Reflist\|2}}}}
	[[zh:伊拉克]]		<!--[zh:伊拉克]-->
	[[Category:Iraq\| ]]		[[Category:Iraq\| ]]
	[[Category:Countries in Asia]]		[[Category:Countries in Asia]]
	[[Category:Middle East]]		[[Category:Middle East]]

imported>Soranin at 22:58, 22 December 2025

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	\|languages= {{wiki\|Modern Standard Arabic\|Arabic}}<br>{{wiki\|Kurdish languages\|Kurdish}}		\|languages= {{wiki\|Modern Standard Arabic\|Arabic}}<br>{{wiki\|Kurdish languages\|Kurdish}}
	\|religion= [[Islam]]		\|religion= [[Islam]]
	\|demonym= {{wiki\|Iraqi}}		\|demonym= {{wiki\|Iraqis\|Iraqi}}
	\|current_state= {{wiki\|Republic of Iraq}}		\|current_state= {{wiki\|Republic of Iraq}}
	\|capital= [[Baghdad]]		\|capital= [[Baghdad]]

imported>Gener4l Cl4ank4 at 17:04, 14 June 2025

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	[[Category:Iraq\| ]]		[[Category:Iraq\| ]]
	[[Category:Countries in Asia]]		[[Category:Countries in Asia]]
			[[Category:Middle East]]

imported>Gener4l Cl4ank4 at 17:03, 14 June 2025

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	\|image1= ACMir Baghdad Overview.jpg		\|image1= ACMir Baghdad Overview.jpg
	\|caption1= Baghdad in the 860s		\|caption1= Baghdad in the 860s
	\|languages={{wiki\|Modern Standard Arabic\|Arabic}}<br>{{wiki\|Kurdish languages\|Kurdish}}		\|languages= {{wiki\|Modern Standard Arabic\|Arabic}}<br>{{wiki\|Kurdish languages\|Kurdish}}
	\|religion= [[Islam]]		\|religion= [[Islam]]
	\|demonym={{wiki\|Iraqi}}		\|demonym= {{wiki\|Iraqi}}
	\|current_state= {{wiki\|Republic of Iraq}}		\|current_state= {{wiki\|Republic of Iraq}}
	\|capital=[[Baghdad]]		\|capital= [[Baghdad]]
	\|assassin_branch=		\|assassin_branch= [[Hidden Ones of Alamut\|Alamut Brotherhood]]
	\|templar_branch=		\|templar_branch= [[Order of the Ancients]]
	\|past_states=[[Babylonia]]<br>[[Abbasid Caliphate]]		\|past_states= [[Babylonia]]<br>[[Abbasid Caliphate]]
	\|historical_capitals=		\|historical_capitals=
	\|periods=		\|periods=
	\|major_conflicts= [[Iraq War]]		\|major_conflicts= [[Iraq War]]
	\|region=[[Asia]]		\|region= [[Asia]]
	\|features=		\|features=
	\|major_cities= {{wiki\|Basra}}		\|major_cities= {{wiki\|Basra}}
	\|major_landmarks=		\|major_landmarks=
	\|isu_vault(s)=		\|isu_vault(s)= [[Northern Oasis vault]]<br>[[Excavation Site, Baghdad\|Excavation Site]]
	}}		}}
	'''Iraq''' is a country in the [[Middle East]] whose territory is analogous to [[Babylonia]] and more broadly to the ancient cultural region known as [[Mesopotamia]].		'''Iraq''' is a country in the [[Middle East]] whose territory is analogous to [[Babylonia]] and more broadly to the ancient cultural region known as [[Mesopotamia]].

	==History==		==History==
			===Origins===
	The modern state of Iraq emerged out of colonialism as the [[British Empire\|British]] and [[France\|French]] {{Wiki\|Sykes–Picot Agreement\|partitioned}} the [[Ottoman Empire]] amongst themselves against promises of a united [[Arabia\|Arab state]].<ref name="McMahon–Hussein Correspondence">{{WP\|McMahon–Hussein Correspondence}}</ref><ref name="Arab Revolt">{{WP\|Arab Revolt}}</ref><ref name="Sharifian Solution">{{WP\|Sharifian Solution}}</ref><ref name="Bentley 2015 ch33">Bentley, Jerry H., et al. (2015). "The Great War: The World in Upheaval". In ''Traditions and Encounters: A Global Perspective on the Past'', 6th ed. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill Education, pp. 780–808.</ref> Despite this, the contemporary boundaries correspond roughly to those of older territorial entities, such as the province of Iraq under the [[Abbasid Caliphate]],<ref name="Abbasid provinces">[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/User:Cattette Cattette]. "[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Abbasid_Caliphate_850AD.png Abbasid Caliphate 850 AD]". ''Wikimedia Commons''. Last updated 29 March 2021. Accessed 8 November 2023.</ref> the ancient kingdom of [[Babylonia]], and the city-states of {{wiki\|Sumer}}, all of which were situated in the {{wiki\|Fertile Crescent\|fertile plains}} between the rivers [[Tigris]] and [[Euphrates]].<ref name="Spielvogel 2018">Spielvogel, Jackson J. (2018). "The Ancient Near East: The First Civilizations". In ''Western Civilization'', 10th ed. Boston, MA: Cengage Learning, pp. 1–31.</ref><ref name="Bentley 2015 ch1">Bentley, Jerry H., et al. (2015). "The Early Complex Societies, 3500 to 500 B.C.E.". In ''Traditions and Encounters: A Global Perspective on the Past'', 6th ed. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill Education, pp. 2–129.</ref>		The modern state of Iraq emerged out of colonialism as the [[British Empire\|British]] and [[France\|French]] {{Wiki\|Sykes–Picot Agreement\|partitioned}} the [[Ottoman Empire]] amongst themselves against promises of a united [[Arabia\|Arab state]].<ref name="McMahon–Hussein Correspondence">{{WP\|McMahon–Hussein Correspondence}}</ref><ref name="Arab Revolt">{{WP\|Arab Revolt}}</ref><ref name="Sharifian Solution">{{WP\|Sharifian Solution}}</ref><ref name="Bentley 2015 ch33">Bentley, Jerry H., et al. (2015). "The Great War: The World in Upheaval". In ''Traditions and Encounters: A Global Perspective on the Past'', 6th ed. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill Education, pp. 780–808.</ref> Despite this, the contemporary boundaries correspond roughly to those of older territorial entities, such as the province of Iraq under the [[Abbasid Caliphate]],<ref name="Abbasid provinces">[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/User:Cattette Cattette]. "[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Abbasid_Caliphate_850AD.png Abbasid Caliphate 850 AD]". ''Wikimedia Commons''. Last updated 29 March 2021. Accessed 8 November 2023.</ref> the ancient kingdom of [[Babylonia]], and the city-states of {{wiki\|Sumer}}, all of which were situated in the {{wiki\|Fertile Crescent\|fertile plains}} between the rivers [[Tigris]] and [[Euphrates]].<ref name="Spielvogel 2018">Spielvogel, Jackson J. (2018). "The Ancient Near East: The First Civilizations". In ''Western Civilization'', 10th ed. Boston, MA: Cengage Learning, pp. 1–31.</ref><ref name="Bentley 2015 ch1">Bentley, Jerry H., et al. (2015). "The Early Complex Societies, 3500 to 500 B.C.E.". In ''Traditions and Encounters: A Global Perspective on the Past'', 6th ed. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill Education, pp. 2–129.</ref>

	When the ~~[[Abbasid Caliphate]]~~ [[Abbasid Revolution\|overthrew]] the reigning [[Umayyad Caliphate\|Umayyads]] in the mid-8th century, the new regime moved the capital from [[Damascus]] in the [[Levant]] to [[Baghdad]] in Iraq to be closer to the [[Iran\|Persian]] allies who facilitated their victory.<ref name="Abbasid Revolution">''[[Assassin's Creed: Mirage]]'' – [[Database: Abbasid Revolution\|Codex: Abbasid Revolution]]</ref> Baghdad greatly grew to become an international hub of commerce, education, culture, and finance so that by the 9th century,<ref name="Center of a World">''[[Assassin's Creed: Mirage]]'' – [[Database: Center of a World\|Codex: Center of a World]]</ref> it was a cosmopolitan city at the forefront of the world's scientific and literary advances.<ref name="Scientific Method">''[[Assassin's Creed: Mirage]]'' – [[Database: Scientific Method\|Codex: Scientific Method]]</ref><ref name="Translation Movement">''[[Assassin's Creed: Mirage]]'' – [[Database: Translation Movement\|Codex: Translation Movement]]</ref><ref name="Healthcare">''[[Assassin's Creed: Mirage]]'' – [[Database: Healthcare\|Codex: Healthcare]]</ref><ref name="Arabic as a Cultural Unifier">''[[Assassin's Creed: Mirage]]'' – [[Database: Arabic as a Cultural Unifier\|Arabic as a Cultural Unifier]]</ref> The [[Mongol Empire]]'s [[Sack of Baghdad]] in 1258, which targeted much of the city's intellectual institutions like the [[House of Wisdom]],<ref name="Revelations novel">[[Assassin's Creed: Revelations (novel)\|''Assassin's Creed: Revelations'' novel]]</ref> was the death-knell to the Abbasids and led to a decline that lasted many centuries.{{Fact\|8 November 2023}}		===Medieval period===
			When the Abbasids [[Abbasid Revolution\|overthrew]] the reigning [[Umayyad Caliphate\|Umayyads]] in the mid-8th century, the new regime moved the capital from [[Damascus]] in the [[Levant]] to [[Baghdad]] in Iraq to be closer to the [[Iran\|Persian]] allies who facilitated their victory.<ref name="Abbasid Revolution">''[[Assassin's Creed: Mirage]]'' – [[Database: Abbasid Revolution\|Codex: Abbasid Revolution]]</ref> Baghdad greatly grew to become an international hub of commerce, education, culture, and finance so that by the 9th century,<ref name="Center of a World">''[[Assassin's Creed: Mirage]]'' – [[Database: Center of a World\|Codex: Center of a World]]</ref> it was a cosmopolitan city at the forefront of the world's scientific and literary advances.<ref name="Scientific Method">''[[Assassin's Creed: Mirage]]'' – [[Database: Scientific Method\|Codex: Scientific Method]]</ref><ref name="Translation Movement">''[[Assassin's Creed: Mirage]]'' – [[Database: Translation Movement\|Codex: Translation Movement]]</ref><ref name="Healthcare">''[[Assassin's Creed: Mirage]]'' – [[Database: Healthcare\|Codex: Healthcare]]</ref><ref name="Arabic as a Cultural Unifier">''[[Assassin's Creed: Mirage]]'' – [[Database: Arabic as a Cultural Unifier\|Arabic as a Cultural Unifier]]</ref>

	~~In 1936~~,<ref>~~{{WP\|Baghdad Battery}}~~</ref> ~~a group~~ of ~~archaeologists in an Iraqi digging site uncovered an~~ [[Isu]] ~~artifact~~ they ~~named~~ the [[~~Baghdad Battery~~]], ~~though~~ its ~~function would remain~~ a ~~mystery for many decades~~.<ref name="~~File: Baghdad Battery~~">''[[Assassin's Creed IV: ~~Black Flag~~]]'' – [[~~Noob~~'s ~~personal files~~]]~~: Crypto-History: Artifacts~~</ref>		By the mid-9th century, both the [[Assassins\|Hidden Ones]] and their sworn rivals, the [[Order of the Ancients]], had spread their influence to Baghdad, with the latter infiltrating the Abbasid Caliphate's highest levels of power and corrupting the city's administration. The Ancients held control over Baghdad's trade,<ref name="Gilded Butterflies">''[[Assassin's Creed: Mirage]]'' – [[Gilded Butterflies]]</ref> military,<ref name="Den of the Beast">''[[Assassin's Creed: Mirage]]'' – [[Den of the Beast]]</ref> and government,<ref name="Judge and Executioner">''[[Assassin's Creed: Mirage]]'' – [[Judge and Executioner]]</ref> and used their vast resources to set up excavation sites around the city to find [[Isu]] ruins and the [[Piece of Eden\|artifacts]] they housed.<ref name="First Order">''[[Assassin's Creed: Mirage]]'' – [[First Order]]</ref><ref name="The Great Symposium">''[[Assassin's Creed: Mirage]]'' – [[The Great Symposium]]</ref> The Order even held sway over the caliph [[al-Mutawakkil]],<ref name="Master Thief">''[[Assassin's Creed: Mirage]]'' – [[The Master Thief of Anbar]]</ref> whose [[concubine]] [[Qabiha]] secretly led the organization as its [[Ra's Al-Af'a]].<ref name="The Serpent's Nest">''[[Assassin's Creed: Mirage]]'' – [[The Serpent's Nest]]</ref>

	In 2003, as part of the greater "[[War on Terror]]", the [[United States]] invaded Iraq. The [[Templars]] had planned the [[Iraq War]] as early as December 2000 and expected their puppet, President [[George W. Bush]], would restart U.S-Iraq animosities and, therefore, provide work for [[Dick Cheney]]'s military contractors.<ref name="Rift">''[[Assassin's Creed: Brotherhood]]'' – [[Rifts]]: Cluster 7</ref> The war toppled {{Wiki\|Saddam Hussein}}'s government and American occupation lasted until 2011.<ref>{{WP\|Iraq War}}</ref>		During the [[Anarchy at Samarra]], a period of extreme instability caused by the succession crisis following al-Mutawakkil's sudden death in 861, the Hidden Ones worked to diminish the Order's influence over the Caliphate. [[Basim Ibn Ishaq]] assassinated the Ancients operating in Baghdad, gradually removing the Order's corruption,<ref name="ACMir">''[[Assassin's Creed: Mirage]]</ref> but also inadvertently leading to a {{Wiki\|Abbasid civil war (865–866)\|civil war}} between the reigning caliph, [[al-Musta'in]], who was supported by the [[Turkic Army]], and his cousin [[Al-Mu'tazz\|Abu 'Abdallah]], who challenged his claim to the throne.<ref name="Judge and Executioner"/><ref>''[[Assassin's Creed: Mirage]]'' – [[The Head of the Snake]]</ref>

			The Caliphate's rule continued to be turbulent throughout the following centuries, and the Abbasid period eventually came to an end in 1258. The [[Mongol Empire]]'s [[Sack of Baghdad]], which targeted much of the city's intellectual institutions like the [[House of Wisdom]],<ref name="Revelations novel">[[Assassin's Creed: Revelations (novel)\|''Assassin's Creed: Revelations'' novel]]</ref> was the death-knell to the already weakened Abbasids and led to a decline that lasted many centuries.{{Fact\|8 November 2023}}

			===Modern times===
			In 1936,<ref>{{WP\|Baghdad Battery}}</ref> a group of archaeologists in an Iraqi digging site uncovered an Isu artifact they named the [[Baghdad Battery]], though its function would remain a mystery for many decades.<ref name="File: Baghdad Battery">''[[Assassin's Creed IV: Black Flag]]'' – [[Noob's personal files]]: Crypto-History: Artifacts</ref>

			In 2003, as part of the greater "[[War on Terror]]", the [[United States]] invaded Iraq. The [[Templars]] had planned the [[Iraq War]] as early as December 2000 and expected their puppet, President [[George W. Bush]], would restart U.S-Iraq animosities and, therefore, provide work for [[Dick Cheney]]'s military contractors.<ref name="Rift">''[[Assassin's Creed: Brotherhood]]'' – [[Rifts]]: Cluster 7</ref> The war toppled {{Wiki\|Saddam Hussein}}'s government, and American occupation lasted until 2011.<ref>{{WP\|Iraq War}}</ref>

	==Appearances==		==Appearances==
	{{Incomplete list}}		{{Incomplete list}}
	*''[[Assassin's Creed: Brotherhood]]'' {{1stm}}		*''[[Assassin's Creed: Brotherhood]]'' {{1stm}}
			*''[[Assassin's Creed IV: Black Flag]]'' {{Mo}}
	*''[[Echoes of History]]'' {{Mo}}		*''[[Echoes of History]]'' {{Mo}}
			*''[[Assassin's Creed: Mirage]]''
			*''[[Assassin's Creed: Mirage – Daughter of No One]]''
			*''[[Assassin's Creed: Mirage – A Soar of Eagles]]''

	==References==		==References==
	{{Reflist}}		{{Scroll box\|content={{Reflist\|2}}}}
	[[zh:伊拉克]]		[[zh:伊拉克]]
			[[Category:Iraq\| ]]
	[[Category:Countries in Asia]]		[[Category:Countries in Asia]]

imported>Darman36: /* Appearances */

2024-04-26T19:51:16Z

Appearances

← Older revision		Revision as of 21:51, 26 April 2024
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	{{Incomplete list}}		{{Incomplete list}}
	*''[[Assassin's Creed: Brotherhood]]'' {{1stm}}		*''[[Assassin's Creed: Brotherhood]]'' {{1stm}}
			*''[[Echoes of History]]'' {{Mo}}

	==References==		==References==

imported>Darman36 at 04:10, 9 November 2023

2023-11-09T04:10:59Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 06:10, 9 November 2023
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	'''Iraq''' is a country in the Middle East, whose territory is analogous to [[Babylonia]] and more broadly to the ancient cultural region known as [[Mesopotamia]].		'''Iraq''' is a country in the [[Middle East]] whose territory is analogous to [[Babylonia]] and more broadly to the ancient cultural region known as [[Mesopotamia]].

	==History==		==History==
	The modern state of Iraq emerged out of colonialism as the [[British Empire\|British]] and [[France\|French]] partitioned the [[Ottoman Empire]] amongst themselves against promises of a united [[Arabia\|Arab state]].<ref name="McMahon–Hussein Correspondence">{{WP\|McMahon–Hussein Correspondence}}</ref><ref name="Arab Revolt">{{WP\|Arab Revolt}}</ref><ref name="Sharifian Solution">{{WP\|Sharifian Solution}}</ref><ref name="Bentley 2015 ch33">Bentley, Jerry H., et al. (2015). "The Great War: The World in Upheaval". In ''Traditions and Encounters: A Global Perspective on the Past'', 6th ed. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill Education, pp. 780–808.</ref> Despite this, the contemporary boundaries correspond roughly to those of older territorial entities, such as the province of Iraq under the [[Abbasid Caliphate]],<ref name="Abbasid provinces">[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/User:Cattette Cattette]. "[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Abbasid_Caliphate_850AD.png Abbasid Caliphate 850 AD]". ''Wikimedia Commons''. Last updated 29 March 2021. Accessed 8 November 2023.</ref> the ancient kingdom of [[Babylonia]], and the city-states of {{wiki\|Sumer}}, all of which were situated in the {{wiki\|Fertile Crescent\|fertile plains}} between the rivers [[Tigris]] and [[Euphrates]].<ref name="Spielvogel 2018">Spielvogel, Jackson J. (2018). "The Ancient Near East: The First Civilizations". In ''Western Civilization'', 10th ed. Boston, MA: Cengage Learning, pp. 1–31.</ref><ref name="Bentley 2015 ch1">Bentley, Jerry H., et al. (2015). "The Early Complex Societies, 3500 to 500 B.C.E.". In ''Traditions and Encounters: A Global Perspective on the Past'', 6th ed. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill Education, pp. 2–129.</ref>		The modern state of Iraq emerged out of colonialism as the [[British Empire\|British]] and [[France\|French]] {{Wiki\|Sykes–Picot Agreement\|partitioned}} the [[Ottoman Empire]] amongst themselves against promises of a united [[Arabia\|Arab state]].<ref name="McMahon–Hussein Correspondence">{{WP\|McMahon–Hussein Correspondence}}</ref><ref name="Arab Revolt">{{WP\|Arab Revolt}}</ref><ref name="Sharifian Solution">{{WP\|Sharifian Solution}}</ref><ref name="Bentley 2015 ch33">Bentley, Jerry H., et al. (2015). "The Great War: The World in Upheaval". In ''Traditions and Encounters: A Global Perspective on the Past'', 6th ed. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill Education, pp. 780–808.</ref> Despite this, the contemporary boundaries correspond roughly to those of older territorial entities, such as the province of Iraq under the [[Abbasid Caliphate]],<ref name="Abbasid provinces">[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/User:Cattette Cattette]. "[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Abbasid_Caliphate_850AD.png Abbasid Caliphate 850 AD]". ''Wikimedia Commons''. Last updated 29 March 2021. Accessed 8 November 2023.</ref> the ancient kingdom of [[Babylonia]], and the city-states of {{wiki\|Sumer}}, all of which were situated in the {{wiki\|Fertile Crescent\|fertile plains}} between the rivers [[Tigris]] and [[Euphrates]].<ref name="Spielvogel 2018">Spielvogel, Jackson J. (2018). "The Ancient Near East: The First Civilizations". In ''Western Civilization'', 10th ed. Boston, MA: Cengage Learning, pp. 1–31.</ref><ref name="Bentley 2015 ch1">Bentley, Jerry H., et al. (2015). "The Early Complex Societies, 3500 to 500 B.C.E.". In ''Traditions and Encounters: A Global Perspective on the Past'', 6th ed. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill Education, pp. 2–129.</ref>

	When [[Abbasid Caliphate]] [[Abbasid Revolution\|overthrew]] of the [[Umayyad Caliphate\|~~Umayyad~~]], the new regime moved the capital from [[Damascus]] in the [[Levant]] to [[Baghdad]] in Iraq to be closer to the [[Iran\|Persian]] allies who facilitated their victory.<ref name="Abbasid Revolution">''[[Assassin's Creed: Mirage]]'' – [[Database: Abbasid Revolution\|Codex: Abbasid Revolution]]</ref> Baghdad greatly grew to become an international hub of commerce, education, culture, and finance so that by the 9th century,<ref name="Center of a World">''[[Assassin's Creed: Mirage]]'' – [[Database: Center of a World\|Codex: Center of a World]]</ref> it was a cosmopolitan city at the forefront of the world's scientific and literary advances.<ref name="Scientific Method">''[[Assassin's Creed: Mirage]]'' – [[Database: Scientific Method\|Codex: Scientific Method]]</ref><ref name="Translation Movement">''[[Assassin's Creed: Mirage]]'' – [[Database: Translation Movement\|Codex: Translation Movement]]</ref><ref name="Healthcare">''[[Assassin's Creed: Mirage]]'' – [[Database: Healthcare\|Codex: Healthcare]]</ref><ref name="Arabic as a Cultural Unifier">''[[Assassin's Creed: Mirage]]'' – [[Database: Arabic as a Cultural Unifier\|Arabic as a Cultural Unifier]]</ref> The [[Mongol Empire]]'s [[Sack of Baghdad]] in 1258, which targeted much of the city's intellectual institutions like the [[House of Wisdom]],<ref name="Revelations novel">[[Assassin's Creed: Revelations (novel)\|''Assassin's Creed: Revelations'' novel]]</ref> was the death-knell to the Abbasids and led to a decline that lasted many centuries.{{Fact\|8 November 2023}}		When the [[Abbasid Caliphate]] [[Abbasid Revolution\|overthrew]] the reigning [[Umayyad Caliphate\|Umayyads]] in the mid-8th century, the new regime moved the capital from [[Damascus]] in the [[Levant]] to [[Baghdad]] in Iraq to be closer to the [[Iran\|Persian]] allies who facilitated their victory.<ref name="Abbasid Revolution">''[[Assassin's Creed: Mirage]]'' – [[Database: Abbasid Revolution\|Codex: Abbasid Revolution]]</ref> Baghdad greatly grew to become an international hub of commerce, education, culture, and finance so that by the 9th century,<ref name="Center of a World">''[[Assassin's Creed: Mirage]]'' – [[Database: Center of a World\|Codex: Center of a World]]</ref> it was a cosmopolitan city at the forefront of the world's scientific and literary advances.<ref name="Scientific Method">''[[Assassin's Creed: Mirage]]'' – [[Database: Scientific Method\|Codex: Scientific Method]]</ref><ref name="Translation Movement">''[[Assassin's Creed: Mirage]]'' – [[Database: Translation Movement\|Codex: Translation Movement]]</ref><ref name="Healthcare">''[[Assassin's Creed: Mirage]]'' – [[Database: Healthcare\|Codex: Healthcare]]</ref><ref name="Arabic as a Cultural Unifier">''[[Assassin's Creed: Mirage]]'' – [[Database: Arabic as a Cultural Unifier\|Arabic as a Cultural Unifier]]</ref> The [[Mongol Empire]]'s [[Sack of Baghdad]] in 1258, which targeted much of the city's intellectual institutions like the [[House of Wisdom]],<ref name="Revelations novel">[[Assassin's Creed: Revelations (novel)\|''Assassin's Creed: Revelations'' novel]]</ref> was the death-knell to the Abbasids and led to a decline that lasted many centuries.{{Fact\|8 November 2023}}

	In 1936,<ref>{{WP\|Baghdad Battery}}</ref> a group of archaeologists in an Iraqi digging site uncovered an [[Isu]] artifact they named [[Baghdad Battery]], though ~~their~~ function would remain a mystery for many decades.<ref name="File: Baghdad Battery">''[[Assassin's Creed IV: Black Flag]]'' – [[Noob's personal files]]: Crypto-History: Artifacts</ref>		In 1936,<ref>{{WP\|Baghdad Battery}}</ref> a group of archaeologists in an Iraqi digging site uncovered an [[Isu]] artifact they named the [[Baghdad Battery]], though its function would remain a mystery for many decades.<ref name="File: Baghdad Battery">''[[Assassin's Creed IV: Black Flag]]'' – [[Noob's personal files]]: Crypto-History: Artifacts</ref>

	In 2003, as part of the greater "[[War on Terror]]", the [[United States]] invaded Iraq. The [[~~Iraq War~~]] had ~~been~~ planned by the [[~~Templar Order~~]] as early as December 2000~~, who~~ expected ~~that~~ their puppet, [[George W. Bush]], would restart U.S-Iraq animosities and, therefore, provide work for [[Dick Cheney]]'s military contractors.<ref name="Rift">''[[Assassin's Creed: Brotherhood]]'' – [[Rifts]]: Cluster 7</ref> The war toppled ~~the government of~~ {{Wiki\|Saddam Hussein}} and American occupation lasted until 2011.<ref>{{WP\|Iraq War}}</ref>		In 2003, as part of the greater "[[War on Terror]]", the [[United States]] invaded Iraq. The [[Templars]] had planned the [[Iraq War]] as early as December 2000 and expected their puppet, President [[George W. Bush]], would restart U.S-Iraq animosities and, therefore, provide work for [[Dick Cheney]]'s military contractors.<ref name="Rift">''[[Assassin's Creed: Brotherhood]]'' – [[Rifts]]: Cluster 7</ref> The war toppled {{Wiki\|Saddam Hussein}}'s government and American occupation lasted until 2011.<ref>{{WP\|Iraq War}}</ref>

	==Appearances==		==Appearances==

imported>Kaikai947 at 02:00, 9 November 2023

2023-11-09T02:00:45Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 04:00, 9 November 2023
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	'''Iraq''' is a country in the Middle East, whose territory is analogous to [[Babylonia]] and more broadly to the ancient cultural region known as ~~{{wiki\|~~Mesopotamia}}.		'''Iraq''' is a country in the Middle East, whose territory is analogous to [[Babylonia]] and more broadly to the ancient cultural region known as [[Mesopotamia]].

	==History==		==History==
	The modern state of Iraq emerged out of colonialism as the [[British Empire\|British]] and [[France\|French]] partitioned the [[Ottoman Empire]] amongst themselves against promises of a united [[Arabia\|Arab state]].<ref name="McMahon–Hussein Correspondence">{{WP\|McMahon–Hussein Correspondence}}</ref><ref name="Arab Revolt">{{WP\|Arab Revolt}}</ref><ref name="Sharifian Solution">{{WP\|Sharifian Solution}}</ref><ref name="Bentley 2015 ch33">Bentley, Jerry H., et al. (2015). "The Great War: The World in Upheaval". In ''Traditions and Encounters: A Global Perspective on the Past'', 6th ed. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill Education, pp. 780–808.</ref> Despite this, the contemporary boundaries correspond roughly to those of older territorial entities, such as the province of Iraq under the [[Abbasid Caliphate]],<ref name="Abbasid provinces">[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/User:Cattette Cattette]. "[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Abbasid_Caliphate_850AD.png Abbasid Caliphate 850 AD]". ''Wikimedia Commons''. Last updated 29 March 2021. Accessed 8 November 2023.</ref> the ancient kingdom of [[Babylonia]], and the city-states of {{wiki\|Sumer}}, all of which were situated in the {{wiki\|Fertile Crescent\|fertile plains}} between the rivers [[Tigris]] and [[Euphrates]].<ref name="Spielvogel 2018">Spielvogel, Jackson J. (2018). "The Ancient Near East: The First Civilizations". In ''Western Civilization'', 10th ed. Boston, MA: Cengage Learning, pp. 1–31.</ref><ref name="Bentley 2015 ch1">Bentley, Jerry H., et al. (2015). "The Early Complex Societies, 3500 to 500 B.C.E.". In ''Traditions and Encounters: A Global Perspective on the Past'', 6th ed. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill Education, pp. 2–129.</ref>		The modern state of Iraq emerged out of colonialism as the [[British Empire\|British]] and [[France\|French]] partitioned the [[Ottoman Empire]] amongst themselves against promises of a united [[Arabia\|Arab state]].<ref name="McMahon–Hussein Correspondence">{{WP\|McMahon–Hussein Correspondence}}</ref><ref name="Arab Revolt">{{WP\|Arab Revolt}}</ref><ref name="Sharifian Solution">{{WP\|Sharifian Solution}}</ref><ref name="Bentley 2015 ch33">Bentley, Jerry H., et al. (2015). "The Great War: The World in Upheaval". In ''Traditions and Encounters: A Global Perspective on the Past'', 6th ed. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill Education, pp. 780–808.</ref> Despite this, the contemporary boundaries correspond roughly to those of older territorial entities, such as the province of Iraq under the [[Abbasid Caliphate]],<ref name="Abbasid provinces">[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/User:Cattette Cattette]. "[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Abbasid_Caliphate_850AD.png Abbasid Caliphate 850 AD]". ''Wikimedia Commons''. Last updated 29 March 2021. Accessed 8 November 2023.</ref> the ancient kingdom of [[Babylonia]], and the city-states of {{wiki\|Sumer}}, all of which were situated in the {{wiki\|Fertile Crescent\|fertile plains}} between the rivers [[Tigris]] and [[Euphrates]].<ref name="Spielvogel 2018">Spielvogel, Jackson J. (2018). "The Ancient Near East: The First Civilizations". In ''Western Civilization'', 10th ed. Boston, MA: Cengage Learning, pp. 1–31.</ref><ref name="Bentley 2015 ch1">Bentley, Jerry H., et al. (2015). "The Early Complex Societies, 3500 to 500 B.C.E.". In ''Traditions and Encounters: A Global Perspective on the Past'', 6th ed. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill Education, pp. 2–129.</ref>

	When [[Abbasid Caliphate]] [[Abbasid Revolution\|overthrew]] of the ~~{{wiki\|~~Umayyad Caliphate\|Umayyad}}, the new regime moved the capital from [[Damascus]] in the [[Levant]] to [[Baghdad]] in Iraq to be closer to the [[Iran\|Persian]] allies who facilitated their victory.<ref name="Abbasid Revolution">''[[Assassin's Creed: Mirage]]'' – [[Database: Abbasid Revolution\|Codex: Abbasid Revolution]]</ref> Baghdad greatly grew to become an international hub of commerce, education, culture, and finance so that by the 9th century,<ref name="Center of a World">''[[Assassin's Creed: Mirage]]'' – [[Database: Center of a World\|Codex: Center of a World]]</ref> it was a cosmopolitan city at the forefront of the world's scientific and literary advances.<ref name="Scientific Method">''[[Assassin's Creed: Mirage]]'' – [[Database: Scientific Method\|Codex: Scientific Method]]</ref><ref name="Translation Movement">''[[Assassin's Creed: Mirage]]'' – [[Database: Translation Movement\|Codex: Translation Movement]]</ref><ref name="Healthcare">''[[Assassin's Creed: Mirage]]'' – [[Database: Healthcare\|Codex: Healthcare]]</ref><ref name="Arabic as a Cultural Unifier">''[[Assassin's Creed: Mirage]]'' – [[Database: Arabic as a Cultural Unifier\|Arabic as a Cultural Unifier]]</ref> The [[Mongol Empire]]'s [[Sack of Baghdad]] in 1258, which targeted much of the city's intellectual institutions like the [[House of Wisdom]],<ref name="Revelations novel">[[Assassin's Creed: Revelations (novel)\|''Assassin's Creed: Revelations'' novel]]</ref> was the death-knell to the Abbasids and led to a decline that lasted many centuries.{{Fact\|8 November 2023}}		When [[Abbasid Caliphate]] [[Abbasid Revolution\|overthrew]] of the [[Umayyad Caliphate\|Umayyad]], the new regime moved the capital from [[Damascus]] in the [[Levant]] to [[Baghdad]] in Iraq to be closer to the [[Iran\|Persian]] allies who facilitated their victory.<ref name="Abbasid Revolution">''[[Assassin's Creed: Mirage]]'' – [[Database: Abbasid Revolution\|Codex: Abbasid Revolution]]</ref> Baghdad greatly grew to become an international hub of commerce, education, culture, and finance so that by the 9th century,<ref name="Center of a World">''[[Assassin's Creed: Mirage]]'' – [[Database: Center of a World\|Codex: Center of a World]]</ref> it was a cosmopolitan city at the forefront of the world's scientific and literary advances.<ref name="Scientific Method">''[[Assassin's Creed: Mirage]]'' – [[Database: Scientific Method\|Codex: Scientific Method]]</ref><ref name="Translation Movement">''[[Assassin's Creed: Mirage]]'' – [[Database: Translation Movement\|Codex: Translation Movement]]</ref><ref name="Healthcare">''[[Assassin's Creed: Mirage]]'' – [[Database: Healthcare\|Codex: Healthcare]]</ref><ref name="Arabic as a Cultural Unifier">''[[Assassin's Creed: Mirage]]'' – [[Database: Arabic as a Cultural Unifier\|Arabic as a Cultural Unifier]]</ref> The [[Mongol Empire]]'s [[Sack of Baghdad]] in 1258, which targeted much of the city's intellectual institutions like the [[House of Wisdom]],<ref name="Revelations novel">[[Assassin's Creed: Revelations (novel)\|''Assassin's Creed: Revelations'' novel]]</ref> was the death-knell to the Abbasids and led to a decline that lasted many centuries.{{Fact\|8 November 2023}}

	In 1936,<ref>{{WP\|Baghdad Battery}}</ref> a group of archaeologists in an Iraqi digging site uncovered an [[Isu]] artifact they named [[Baghdad Battery]], though their function would remain a mystery for many decades.<ref name="File: Baghdad Battery">''[[Assassin's Creed IV: Black Flag]]'' – [[Noob's personal files]]: Crypto-History: Artifacts</ref>		In 1936,<ref>{{WP\|Baghdad Battery}}</ref> a group of archaeologists in an Iraqi digging site uncovered an [[Isu]] artifact they named [[Baghdad Battery]], though their function would remain a mystery for many decades.<ref name="File: Baghdad Battery">''[[Assassin's Creed IV: Black Flag]]'' – [[Noob's personal files]]: Crypto-History: Artifacts</ref>
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	==References==		==References==
	{{Reflist}}		{{Reflist}}
			[[zh:伊拉克]]
	[[Category:Countries in Asia]]		[[Category:Countries in Asia]]

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	By the mid-9th century, both the [[Assassins\|Hidden Ones]] and their sworn rivals, the [[Order of the Ancients]], had spread their influence to Baghdad, with the latter infiltrating the Abbasid Caliphate's highest levels of power and corrupting the city's administration. The Ancients held control over Baghdad's trade,<ref name="Gilded Butterflies">''[[Assassin's Creed: Mirage]]'' – [[Gilded Butterflies]]</ref> military,<ref name="Den of the Beast">''[[Assassin's Creed: Mirage]]'' – [[Den of the Beast]]</ref> and government,<ref name="Judge and Executioner">''[[Assassin's Creed: Mirage]]'' – [[Judge and Executioner]]</ref> and used their vast resources to set up excavation sites around the city to find [[Isu]] ruins and the [[Piece of Eden\|artifacts]] they housed.<ref name="First Order">''[[Assassin's Creed: Mirage]]'' – [[First Order]]</ref><ref name="The Great Symposium">''[[Assassin's Creed: Mirage]]'' – [[The Great Symposium]]</ref> The Order even held sway over the caliph [[al-Mutawakkil]],<ref name="Master Thief">''[[Assassin's Creed: Mirage]]'' – [[The Master Thief of Anbar]]</ref> whose [[concubine]] [[Qabiha]] secretly led the organization as its [[Ra's Al-Af'a]].<ref name="The Serpent's Nest">''[[Assassin's Creed: Mirage]]'' – [[The Serpent's Nest]]</ref>		By the mid-9th century, both the [[Assassins\|Hidden Ones]] and their sworn rivals, the [[Order of the Ancients]], had spread their influence to Baghdad, with the latter infiltrating the Abbasid Caliphate's highest levels of power and corrupting the city's administration. The Ancients held control over Baghdad's trade,<ref name="Gilded Butterflies">''[[Assassin's Creed: Mirage]]'' – [[Gilded Butterflies]]</ref> military,<ref name="Den of the Beast">''[[Assassin's Creed: Mirage]]'' – [[Den of the Beast]]</ref> and government,<ref name="Judge and Executioner">''[[Assassin's Creed: Mirage]]'' – [[Judge and Executioner]]</ref> and used their vast resources to set up excavation sites around the city to find [[Isu]] ruins and the [[Piece of Eden\|artifacts]] they housed.<ref name="First Order">''[[Assassin's Creed: Mirage]]'' – [[First Order]]</ref><ref name="The Great Symposium">''[[Assassin's Creed: Mirage]]'' – [[The Great Symposium]]</ref> The Order even held sway over the caliph [[al-Mutawakkil]],<ref name="Master Thief">''[[Assassin's Creed: Mirage]]'' – [[The Master Thief of Anbar]]</ref> whose [[concubine]] [[Qabiha]] secretly led the organization as its [[Ra's Al-Af'a]].<ref name="The Serpent's Nest">''[[Assassin's Creed: Mirage]]'' – [[The Serpent's Nest]]</ref>

	During the [[Anarchy at Samarra]], a period of extreme instability caused by the succession crisis following al-Mutawakkil's sudden death in 861, the Hidden Ones worked to diminish the Order's influence over the Caliphate. [[Basim ~~Ibn~~ Ishaq]] assassinated the Ancients operating in Baghdad, gradually removing the Order's corruption,<ref name="ACMir">''[[Assassin's Creed: Mirage]]</ref> but also inadvertently leading to a {{Wiki\|Abbasid civil war (865–866)\|civil war}} between the reigning caliph, [[al-Musta'in]], who was supported by the [[Turkic Army]], and his cousin [[Al-Mu'tazz\|Abu 'Abdallah]], who challenged his claim to the throne.<ref name="Judge and Executioner"/><ref>''[[Assassin's Creed: Mirage]]'' – [[The Head of the Snake]]</ref>		During the [[Anarchy at Samarra]], a period of extreme instability caused by the succession crisis following al-Mutawakkil's sudden death in 861, the Hidden Ones worked to diminish the Order's influence over the Caliphate. [[Basim ibn Ishaq]] assassinated the Ancients operating in Baghdad, gradually removing the Order's corruption,<ref name="ACMir">''[[Assassin's Creed: Mirage]]</ref> but also inadvertently leading to a {{Wiki\|Abbasid civil war (865–866)\|civil war}} between the reigning caliph, [[al-Musta'in]], who was supported by the [[Turkic Army]], and his cousin [[Al-Mu'tazz\|Abu 'Abdallah]], who challenged his claim to the throne.<ref name="Judge and Executioner"/><ref>''[[Assassin's Creed: Mirage]]'' – [[The Head of the Snake]]</ref>

	The Caliphate's rule continued to be turbulent throughout the following centuries, and the Abbasid period eventually came to an end in 1258. The [[Mongol Empire]]'s [[Sack of Baghdad]], which targeted much of the city's intellectual institutions like the [[House of Wisdom]],<ref name="Revelations novel">[[Assassin's Creed: Revelations (novel)\|''Assassin's Creed: Revelations'' novel]]</ref> was the death-knell to the already weakened Abbasids and led to a decline that lasted many centuries.{{Fact\|8 November 2023}}		The Caliphate's rule continued to be turbulent throughout the following centuries, and the Abbasid period eventually came to an end in 1258. The [[Mongol Empire]]'s [[Sack of Baghdad]], which targeted much of the city's intellectual institutions like the [[House of Wisdom]],<ref name="Revelations novel">[[Assassin's Creed: Revelations (novel)\|''Assassin's Creed: Revelations'' novel]]</ref> was the death-knell to the already weakened Abbasids and led to a decline that lasted many centuries.{{Fact\|8 November 2023}}