Database: The Abbasids ... and their Rivals - Revision history

imported>Darman36 at 17:15, 29 May 2024

2024-05-29T17:15:41Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 19:15, 29 May 2024
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	As [[caliph]]s, the [[Abbasid Caliphate\|Abbasids]] (r. 750-1258) claimed political and religious leadership over every [[Islam\|Muslim]]. But despite their assertions, their effective power varied considerably across time and space. Even at the height of their power in the first half of the ninth century, territories under Muslim rule like [[Andalusia\|al-Andalus]] (Iberian Peninsula) and the [[Maghreb\|Maghrib]] eluded their grasp.		As [[caliph]]s, the [[Abbasid Caliphate\|Abbasids]] (r. 750-1258) claimed political and religious leadership over every [[Islam\|Muslim]]. But despite their assertions, their effective power varied considerably across time and space. Even at the height of their power in the first half of the ninth century, territories under Muslim rule like [[Andalusia\|al-Andalus]] (Iberian Peninsula) and the [[Maghreb\|Maghrib]] eluded their grasp.

	Their main challengers were the [[Umayyad Caliphate\|Umayyads]] and the ~~{{Wiki\|~~Fatimid Caliphate\|Fatimids}}. Members of the Umayyads had ruled the empire as caliphs from 661 to 750. After the Abbasids [[Abbasid Revolution\|overthrew]] and killed most of them, one of the surviving Umayyads, [[Abd al-Rahman I]] (r. 756-788), escaped to the Iberian Peninsula and managed to establish autonomous rule there. Claiming the title of {{Wiki\|emir}} (prince), he never submitted, paid tribute, or sent gifts to Baghdad. One of his successors, {{Wiki\|Abd al-Rahman III}} (r. 912-961) founded a rival caliphate in their dynastic capital of [[Emirate of Córdoba\|Cordoba]]. In the Maghrib, these Andalusi Umayyads vied for control and influence with their Abbasid rivals, courting and competing with the local dynasties that ruled there. Their rivalry extended to art, including luxury objects like the Cordoban [[ivory]] box {{Wiki\|Pyxis of al-Mughira\|shown here}}, made for a prince.		Their main challengers were the [[Umayyad Caliphate\|Umayyads]] and the [[Fatimid Caliphate\|Fatimids]]. Members of the Umayyads had ruled the empire as caliphs from 661 to 750. After the Abbasids [[Abbasid Revolution\|overthrew]] and killed most of them, one of the surviving Umayyads, [[Abd al-Rahman I]] (r. 756-788), escaped to the Iberian Peninsula and managed to establish autonomous rule there. Claiming the title of {{Wiki\|emir}} (prince), he never submitted, paid tribute, or sent gifts to Baghdad. One of his successors, {{Wiki\|Abd al-Rahman III}} (r. 912-961) founded a rival caliphate in their dynastic capital of [[Emirate of Córdoba\|Cordoba]]. In the Maghrib, these Andalusi Umayyads vied for control and influence with their Abbasid rivals, courting and competing with the local dynasties that ruled there. Their rivalry extended to art, including luxury objects like the Cordoban [[ivory]] box {{Wiki\|Pyxis of al-Mughira\|shown here}}, made for a prince.

	Foremost amongst these North African dynasties were the Fatimids. Claiming direct descent from Prophet [[Muhammad]] through his daughter {{Wiki\|Fatima}}, they established a powerful kingdom in North Africa and [[Sicily]] in the 10th century. In 909 they were the first to issue a direct challenge to Abbasid authority by establishing a rival caliphate in the new capital they founded, [[Cairo]].		Foremost amongst these North African dynasties were the Fatimids. Claiming direct descent from Prophet [[Muhammad]] through his daughter {{Wiki\|Fatima}}, they established a powerful kingdom in North Africa and [[Sicily]] in the 10th century. In 909 they were the first to issue a direct challenge to Abbasid authority by establishing a rival caliphate in the new capital they founded, [[Cairo]].

imported>Soranin at 00:47, 5 January 2024

2024-01-05T00:47:10Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 02:47, 5 January 2024
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	~~{{Spoilerhd\|05 January 2024\|[[Assassin's Creed: Mirage]]}}~~
	[[File:ACMir Pyxis of al-Mughira.jpg\|thumb\|250px\|{{Wiki\|Pyxis (vessel)\|Pyxis}} (box) of {{Wiki\|al-Mughira}}. Made for the Son of Caliph {{Wiki\|Abd al-Rahman III}} / 10th century, Cordoba, Spain]]		[[File:ACMir Pyxis of al-Mughira.jpg\|thumb\|250px\|{{Wiki\|Pyxis (vessel)\|Pyxis}} (box) of {{Wiki\|al-Mughira}}. Made for the Son of Caliph {{Wiki\|Abd al-Rahman III}} / 10th century, Cordoba, Spain]]
	As [[caliph]]s, the [[Abbasid Caliphate\|Abbasids]] (r. 750-1258) claimed political and religious leadership over every [[Islam\|Muslim]]. But despite their assertions, their effective power varied considerably across time and space. Even at the height of their power in the first half of the ninth century, territories under Muslim rule like [[Andalusia\|al-Andalus]] (Iberian Peninsula) and the [[Maghreb\|Maghrib]] eluded their grasp.		As [[caliph]]s, the [[Abbasid Caliphate\|Abbasids]] (r. 750-1258) claimed political and religious leadership over every [[Islam\|Muslim]]. But despite their assertions, their effective power varied considerably across time and space. Even at the height of their power in the first half of the ninth century, territories under Muslim rule like [[Andalusia\|al-Andalus]] (Iberian Peninsula) and the [[Maghreb\|Maghrib]] eluded their grasp.

imported>Darman36 at 05:37, 25 November 2023

2023-11-25T05:37:28Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 07:37, 25 November 2023
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	{{Spoilerhd\|05 January 2024\|[[Assassin's Creed: Mirage]]}}		{{Spoilerhd\|05 January 2024\|[[Assassin's Creed: Mirage]]}}
	[[File:ACMir Pyxis of al-Mughira.jpg\|thumb\|250px\|Pyxis (box) of al-Mughira Made for the Son of Caliph Abd al-Rahman III / 10th century, Cordoba, Spain]]		[[File:ACMir Pyxis of al-Mughira.jpg\|thumb\|250px\|{{Wiki\|Pyxis (vessel)\|Pyxis}} (box) of {{Wiki\|al-Mughira}}. Made for the Son of Caliph {{Wiki\|Abd al-Rahman III}} / 10th century, Cordoba, Spain]]
	As [[caliph]]s, the [[Abbasid Caliphate\|Abbasids]] (r. 750-1258) claimed political and religious leadership over every [[Islam\|Muslim]]. But despite their assertions, their effective power varied considerably across time and space. Even at the height of their power in the first half of the ninth century, territories under Muslim rule like [[Andalusia\|al-Andalus]] (Iberian Peninsula) and the [[Maghreb\|Maghrib]] eluded their grasp.		As [[caliph]]s, the [[Abbasid Caliphate\|Abbasids]] (r. 750-1258) claimed political and religious leadership over every [[Islam\|Muslim]]. But despite their assertions, their effective power varied considerably across time and space. Even at the height of their power in the first half of the ninth century, territories under Muslim rule like [[Andalusia\|al-Andalus]] (Iberian Peninsula) and the [[Maghreb\|Maghrib]] eluded their grasp.

	Their main challengers were the [[Umayyad Caliphate\|Umayyads]] and the {{Wiki\|Fatimid Caliphate\|Fatimids}}. Members of the Umayyads had ruled the empire as caliphs from 661 to 750. After the Abbasids [[Abbasid Revolution\|overthrew]] and killed most of them, one of the surviving Umayyads, [[Abd al-Rahman I]] (r. 756-788), escaped to the Iberian Peninsula and managed to establish autonomous rule there. Claiming the title of {{Wiki\|emir}} (prince), he never submitted, paid tribute, or sent gifts to Baghdad. One of his successors, {{Wiki\|Abd al-Rahman III}} (r. 912-961) founded a rival caliphate in their dynastic capital of [[Emirate of Córdoba\|Cordoba]]. In the Maghrib, these Andalusi Umayyads vied for control and influence with their Abbasid rivals, courting and competing with the local dynasties that ruled there. Their rivalry extended to art, including luxury objects like the Cordoban [[ivory]] box shown here, made for a prince.		Their main challengers were the [[Umayyad Caliphate\|Umayyads]] and the {{Wiki\|Fatimid Caliphate\|Fatimids}}. Members of the Umayyads had ruled the empire as caliphs from 661 to 750. After the Abbasids [[Abbasid Revolution\|overthrew]] and killed most of them, one of the surviving Umayyads, [[Abd al-Rahman I]] (r. 756-788), escaped to the Iberian Peninsula and managed to establish autonomous rule there. Claiming the title of {{Wiki\|emir}} (prince), he never submitted, paid tribute, or sent gifts to Baghdad. One of his successors, {{Wiki\|Abd al-Rahman III}} (r. 912-961) founded a rival caliphate in their dynastic capital of [[Emirate of Córdoba\|Cordoba]]. In the Maghrib, these Andalusi Umayyads vied for control and influence with their Abbasid rivals, courting and competing with the local dynasties that ruled there. Their rivalry extended to art, including luxury objects like the Cordoban [[ivory]] box {{Wiki\|Pyxis of al-Mughira\|shown here}}, made for a prince.

	Foremost amongst these North African dynasties were the Fatimids. Claiming direct descent from Prophet [[Muhammad]] through his daughter {{Wiki\|Fatima}}, they established a powerful kingdom in North Africa and [[Sicily]] in the 10th century. In 909 they were the first to issue a direct challenge to Abbasid authority by establishing a rival caliphate in the new capital they founded, [[Cairo]].		Foremost amongst these North African dynasties were the Fatimids. Claiming direct descent from Prophet [[Muhammad]] through his daughter {{Wiki\|Fatima}}, they established a powerful kingdom in North Africa and [[Sicily]] in the 10th century. In 909 they were the first to issue a direct challenge to Abbasid authority by establishing a rival caliphate in the new capital they founded, [[Cairo]].

imported>Lady Kyashira at 05:27, 25 November 2023

2023-11-25T05:27:50Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 07:27, 25 November 2023
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	{{Spoilerhd\|05 January 2024\|[[Assassin's Creed: Mirage]]}}		{{Spoilerhd\|05 January 2024\|[[Assassin's Creed: Mirage]]}}
	~~{{Imageneed\|~~[[~~Assassin's Creed~~: ~~Mirage~~]]}}		[[File:ACMir Pyxis of al-Mughira.jpg\|thumb\|250px\|Pyxis (box) of al-Mughira Made for the Son of Caliph Abd al-Rahman III / 10th century, Cordoba, Spain]]
	As [[caliph]]s, the [[Abbasid Caliphate\|Abbasids]] (r. 750-1258) claimed political and religious leadership over every [[Islam\|Muslim]]. But despite their assertions, their effective power varied considerably across time and space. Even at the height of their power in the first half of the ninth century, territories under Muslim rule like [[Andalusia\|al-Andalus]] (Iberian Peninsula) and the [[Maghreb\|Maghrib]] eluded their grasp.		As [[caliph]]s, the [[Abbasid Caliphate\|Abbasids]] (r. 750-1258) claimed political and religious leadership over every [[Islam\|Muslim]]. But despite their assertions, their effective power varied considerably across time and space. Even at the height of their power in the first half of the ninth century, territories under Muslim rule like [[Andalusia\|al-Andalus]] (Iberian Peninsula) and the [[Maghreb\|Maghrib]] eluded their grasp.

imported>Soranin at 02:14, 18 October 2023

2023-10-18T02:14:02Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 04:14, 18 October 2023
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	{{Spoilerhd\|05 January 2024\|[[Assassin's Creed: Mirage]]}}		{{Spoilerhd\|05 January 2024\|[[Assassin's Creed: Mirage]]}}
	{{Imageneed\|[[Assassin's Creed: Mirage]]}}		{{Imageneed\|[[Assassin's Creed: Mirage]]}}
	As [[caliph]]s, the [[Abbasid Caliphate\|Abbasids]] (r. 750-1258) claimed political and religious leadership over every [[Islam\|Muslim]]. But despite their assertions, their effective power varied considerably across time and space. Even at the height of their power in the first half of the ninth century, territories under Muslim rule like [[Andalusia\|al-Andalus]] (Iberian Peninsula) and the ~~{{Wiki\|~~Maghreb\|Maghrib}} eluded their grasp.		As [[caliph]]s, the [[Abbasid Caliphate\|Abbasids]] (r. 750-1258) claimed political and religious leadership over every [[Islam\|Muslim]]. But despite their assertions, their effective power varied considerably across time and space. Even at the height of their power in the first half of the ninth century, territories under Muslim rule like [[Andalusia\|al-Andalus]] (Iberian Peninsula) and the [[Maghreb\|Maghrib]] eluded their grasp.

	Their main challengers were the [[Umayyad Caliphate\|Umayyads]] and the {{Wiki\|Fatimid Caliphate\|Fatimids}}. Members of the Umayyads had ruled the empire as caliphs from 661 to 750. After the Abbasids [[Abbasid Revolution\|overthrew]] and killed most of them, one of the surviving Umayyads, [[Abd al-Rahman I]] (r. 756-788), escaped to the Iberian Peninsula and managed to establish autonomous rule there. Claiming the title of {{Wiki\|emir}} (prince), he never submitted, paid tribute, or sent gifts to Baghdad. One of his successors, {{Wiki\|Abd al-Rahman III}} (r. 912-961) founded a rival caliphate in their dynastic capital of [[Emirate of Córdoba\|Cordoba]]. In the Maghrib, these Andalusi Umayyads vied for control and influence with their Abbasid rivals, courting and competing with the local dynasties that ruled there. Their rivalry extended to art, including luxury objects like the Cordoban [[ivory]] box shown here, made for a prince.		Their main challengers were the [[Umayyad Caliphate\|Umayyads]] and the {{Wiki\|Fatimid Caliphate\|Fatimids}}. Members of the Umayyads had ruled the empire as caliphs from 661 to 750. After the Abbasids [[Abbasid Revolution\|overthrew]] and killed most of them, one of the surviving Umayyads, [[Abd al-Rahman I]] (r. 756-788), escaped to the Iberian Peninsula and managed to establish autonomous rule there. Claiming the title of {{Wiki\|emir}} (prince), he never submitted, paid tribute, or sent gifts to Baghdad. One of his successors, {{Wiki\|Abd al-Rahman III}} (r. 912-961) founded a rival caliphate in their dynastic capital of [[Emirate of Córdoba\|Cordoba]]. In the Maghrib, these Andalusi Umayyads vied for control and influence with their Abbasid rivals, courting and competing with the local dynasties that ruled there. Their rivalry extended to art, including luxury objects like the Cordoban [[ivory]] box shown here, made for a prince.

imported>Soranin at 18:51, 10 October 2023

2023-10-10T18:51:15Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 20:51, 10 October 2023
Line 3:		Line 3:
	As [[caliph]]s, the [[Abbasid Caliphate\|Abbasids]] (r. 750-1258) claimed political and religious leadership over every [[Islam\|Muslim]]. But despite their assertions, their effective power varied considerably across time and space. Even at the height of their power in the first half of the ninth century, territories under Muslim rule like [[Andalusia\|al-Andalus]] (Iberian Peninsula) and the {{Wiki\|Maghreb\|Maghrib}} eluded their grasp.		As [[caliph]]s, the [[Abbasid Caliphate\|Abbasids]] (r. 750-1258) claimed political and religious leadership over every [[Islam\|Muslim]]. But despite their assertions, their effective power varied considerably across time and space. Even at the height of their power in the first half of the ninth century, territories under Muslim rule like [[Andalusia\|al-Andalus]] (Iberian Peninsula) and the {{Wiki\|Maghreb\|Maghrib}} eluded their grasp.

	Their main challengers were the [[Umayyad Caliphate\|Umayyads]] and the {{Wiki\|Fatimid Caliphate\|Fatimids}}. Members of the Umayyads had ruled the empire as caliphs from 661 to 750. After the Abbasids [[Abbasid Revolution\|overthrew]] and killed most of them, one of the surviving Umayyads, [[Abd al-Rahman I~~\|Abd al-Rahman~~]] I (r. 756-788), escaped to the Iberian Peninsula and managed to establish autonomous rule there. Claiming the title of {{Wiki\|emir}} (prince), he never submitted, paid tribute, or sent gifts to Baghdad. One of his successors, {{Wiki\|Abd al-Rahman III}} (r. 912-961) founded a rival caliphate in their dynastic capital of [[Emirate of Córdoba\|Cordoba]]. In the Maghrib, these Andalusi Umayyads vied for control and influence with their Abbasid rivals, courting and competing with the local dynasties that ruled there. Their rivalry extended to art, including luxury objects like the Cordoban [[ivory]] box shown here, made for a prince.		Their main challengers were the [[Umayyad Caliphate\|Umayyads]] and the {{Wiki\|Fatimid Caliphate\|Fatimids}}. Members of the Umayyads had ruled the empire as caliphs from 661 to 750. After the Abbasids [[Abbasid Revolution\|overthrew]] and killed most of them, one of the surviving Umayyads, [[Abd al-Rahman I]] (r. 756-788), escaped to the Iberian Peninsula and managed to establish autonomous rule there. Claiming the title of {{Wiki\|emir}} (prince), he never submitted, paid tribute, or sent gifts to Baghdad. One of his successors, {{Wiki\|Abd al-Rahman III}} (r. 912-961) founded a rival caliphate in their dynastic capital of [[Emirate of Córdoba\|Cordoba]]. In the Maghrib, these Andalusi Umayyads vied for control and influence with their Abbasid rivals, courting and competing with the local dynasties that ruled there. Their rivalry extended to art, including luxury objects like the Cordoban [[ivory]] box shown here, made for a prince.

	Foremost amongst these North African dynasties were the Fatimids. Claiming direct descent from Prophet [[Muhammad]] through his daughter {{Wiki\|Fatima}}, they established a powerful kingdom in North Africa and [[Sicily]] in the 10th century. In 909 they were the first to issue a direct challenge to Abbasid authority by establishing a rival caliphate in the new capital they founded, [[Cairo]].		Foremost amongst these North African dynasties were the Fatimids. Claiming direct descent from Prophet [[Muhammad]] through his daughter {{Wiki\|Fatima}}, they established a powerful kingdom in North Africa and [[Sicily]] in the 10th century. In 909 they were the first to issue a direct challenge to Abbasid authority by establishing a rival caliphate in the new capital they founded, [[Cairo]].

imported>Darman36 at 18:20, 10 October 2023

2023-10-10T18:20:04Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 20:20, 10 October 2023
Line 1:		Line 1:
	{{Spoilerhd\|05 January 2024\|[[Assassin's Creed: Mirage]]}}		{{Spoilerhd\|05 January 2024\|[[Assassin's Creed: Mirage]]}}
	{{Imageneed\|[[Assassin's Creed: Mirage]]}}		{{Imageneed\|[[Assassin's Creed: Mirage]]}}
	As ~~caliphs~~, the Abbasids (r. 750-1258) claimed political and religious leadership over every Muslim. But despite their assertions, their effective power varied considerably across time and space. Even at the height of their power in the first half of the ninth century, territories under Muslim rule like al-Andalus (Iberian Peninsula) and the Maghrib eluded their grasp.		As [[caliph]]s, the [[Abbasid Caliphate\|Abbasids]] (r. 750-1258) claimed political and religious leadership over every [[Islam\|Muslim]]. But despite their assertions, their effective power varied considerably across time and space. Even at the height of their power in the first half of the ninth century, territories under Muslim rule like [[Andalusia\|al-Andalus]] (Iberian Peninsula) and the {{Wiki\|Maghreb\|Maghrib}} eluded their grasp.

	Their main challengers were the Umayyads and the Fatimids. Members of the Umayyads had ruled the empire as caliphs from 661 to 750. After the Abbasids overthrew and killed most of them, one of the surviving Umayyads, Abd al-Rahman I (r. 756-788), escaped to the Iberian Peninsula and managed to establish autonomous rule there. Claiming the title of emir (prince), he never submitted, paid tribute, or sent gifts to Baghdad. One of his successors, Abd al-Rahman III (r. 912-961) founded a rival caliphate in their dynastic capital of Cordoba. In the Maghrib, these Andalusi Umayyads vied for control and influence with their Abbasid rivals, courting and competing with the local dynasties that ruled there. Their rivalry extended to art, including luxury objects like the Cordoban ivory box shown here, made for a prince.		Their main challengers were the [[Umayyad Caliphate\|Umayyads]] and the {{Wiki\|Fatimid Caliphate\|Fatimids}}. Members of the Umayyads had ruled the empire as caliphs from 661 to 750. After the Abbasids [[Abbasid Revolution\|overthrew]] and killed most of them, one of the surviving Umayyads, [[Abd al-Rahman I\|Abd al-Rahman]] I (r. 756-788), escaped to the Iberian Peninsula and managed to establish autonomous rule there. Claiming the title of {{Wiki\|emir}} (prince), he never submitted, paid tribute, or sent gifts to Baghdad. One of his successors, {{Wiki\|Abd al-Rahman III}} (r. 912-961) founded a rival caliphate in their dynastic capital of [[Emirate of Córdoba\|Cordoba]]. In the Maghrib, these Andalusi Umayyads vied for control and influence with their Abbasid rivals, courting and competing with the local dynasties that ruled there. Their rivalry extended to art, including luxury objects like the Cordoban [[ivory]] box shown here, made for a prince.

	Foremost amongst these North African dynasties were the Fatimids. Claiming direct descent from Prophet Muhammad through his daughter Fatima, they established a powerful kingdom in North Africa and Sicily in the 10th century. In 909 they were the first to issue a direct challenge to Abbasid authority by establishing a rival caliphate in the new capital they founded, Cairo.		Foremost amongst these North African dynasties were the Fatimids. Claiming direct descent from Prophet [[Muhammad]] through his daughter {{Wiki\|Fatima}}, they established a powerful kingdom in North Africa and [[Sicily]] in the 10th century. In 909 they were the first to issue a direct challenge to Abbasid authority by establishing a rival caliphate in the new capital they founded, [[Cairo]].

	In time, the Abbasids lost effective control of the rest of their empire to governors and local elites, starting with Egypt in 868. By 945, the Abbasid caliphs still claimed to be the leaders of the entire Muslim community, but their real power encompassed little more than their Baghdadi palace.		In time, the Abbasids lost effective control of the rest of their empire to governors and local elites, starting with [[Egypt]] in 868. By 945, the Abbasid caliphs still claimed to be the leaders of the entire Muslim community, but their real power encompassed little more than their [[Round City\|Baghdadi palace]].
	[[Category:Database: Government]]		[[Category:Database: Government]]
	{{DEFAULTSORT:Abbasids ... and their Rivals, The}}		{{DEFAULTSORT:Abbasids ... and their Rivals, The}}

imported>Soranin: Created page with "{{Spoilerhd|05 January 2024|Assassin's Creed: Mirage}} {{Imageneed|Assassin's Creed: Mirage}} As caliphs, the Abbasids (r. 750-1258) claimed political and religious leadership over every Muslim. But despite their assertions, their effective power varied considerably across time and space. Even at the height of their power in the first half of the ninth century, territories under Muslim rule like al-Andalus (Iberian Peninsula) and the Maghrib eluded their grasp...."

2023-10-07T18:36:27Z

Created page with "{{Spoilerhd|05 January 2024|Assassin's Creed: Mirage}} {{Imageneed|Assassin's Creed: Mirage}} As caliphs, the Abbasids (r. 750-1258) claimed political and religious leadership over every Muslim. But despite their assertions, their effective power varied considerably across time and space. Even at the height of their power in the first half of the ninth century, territories under Muslim rule like al-Andalus (Iberian Peninsula) and the Maghrib eluded their grasp...."

Páàjì titun

{{Spoilerhd|05 January 2024|[[Assassin's Creed: Mirage]]}}
{{Imageneed|[[Assassin's Creed: Mirage]]}}
As caliphs, the Abbasids (r. 750-1258) claimed political and religious leadership over every Muslim. But despite their assertions, their effective power varied considerably across time and space. Even at the height of their power in the first half of the ninth century, territories under Muslim rule like al-Andalus (Iberian Peninsula) and the Maghrib eluded their grasp.

Their main challengers were the Umayyads and the Fatimids. Members of the Umayyads had ruled the empire as caliphs from 661 to 750. After the Abbasids overthrew and killed most of them, one of the surviving Umayyads, Abd al-Rahman I (r. 756-788), escaped to the Iberian Peninsula and managed to establish autonomous rule there. Claiming the title of emir (prince), he never submitted, paid tribute, or sent gifts to Baghdad. One of his successors, Abd al-Rahman III (r. 912-961) founded a rival caliphate in their dynastic capital of Cordoba. In the Maghrib, these Andalusi Umayyads vied for control and influence with their Abbasid rivals, courting and competing with the local dynasties that ruled there. Their rivalry extended to art, including luxury objects like the Cordoban ivory box shown here, made for a prince.

Foremost amongst these North African dynasties were the Fatimids. Claiming direct descent from Prophet Muhammad through his daughter Fatima, they established a powerful kingdom in North Africa and Sicily in the 10th century. In 909 they were the first to issue a direct challenge to Abbasid authority by establishing a rival caliphate in the new capital they founded, Cairo.

In time, the Abbasids lost effective control of the rest of their empire to governors and local elites, starting with Egypt in 868. By 945, the Abbasid caliphs still claimed to be the leaders of the entire Muslim community, but their real power encompassed little more than their Baghdadi palace.
[[Category:Database: Government]]
{{DEFAULTSORT:Abbasids ... and their Rivals, The}}

← Older revision		Revision as of 19:15, 29 May 2024
Line 2:		Line 2:
	As [[caliph]]s, the [[Abbasid Caliphate\|Abbasids]] (r. 750-1258) claimed political and religious leadership over every [[Islam\|Muslim]]. But despite their assertions, their effective power varied considerably across time and space. Even at the height of their power in the first half of the ninth century, territories under Muslim rule like [[Andalusia\|al-Andalus]] (Iberian Peninsula) and the [[Maghreb\|Maghrib]] eluded their grasp.		As [[caliph]]s, the [[Abbasid Caliphate\|Abbasids]] (r. 750-1258) claimed political and religious leadership over every [[Islam\|Muslim]]. But despite their assertions, their effective power varied considerably across time and space. Even at the height of their power in the first half of the ninth century, territories under Muslim rule like [[Andalusia\|al-Andalus]] (Iberian Peninsula) and the [[Maghreb\|Maghrib]] eluded their grasp.

	Their main challengers were the [[Umayyad Caliphate\|Umayyads]] and the ~~{{Wiki\|~~Fatimid Caliphate\|Fatimids}}. Members of the Umayyads had ruled the empire as caliphs from 661 to 750. After the Abbasids [[Abbasid Revolution\|overthrew]] and killed most of them, one of the surviving Umayyads, [[Abd al-Rahman I]] (r. 756-788), escaped to the Iberian Peninsula and managed to establish autonomous rule there. Claiming the title of {{Wiki\|emir}} (prince), he never submitted, paid tribute, or sent gifts to Baghdad. One of his successors, {{Wiki\|Abd al-Rahman III}} (r. 912-961) founded a rival caliphate in their dynastic capital of [[Emirate of Córdoba\|Cordoba]]. In the Maghrib, these Andalusi Umayyads vied for control and influence with their Abbasid rivals, courting and competing with the local dynasties that ruled there. Their rivalry extended to art, including luxury objects like the Cordoban [[ivory]] box {{Wiki\|Pyxis of al-Mughira\|shown here}}, made for a prince.		Their main challengers were the [[Umayyad Caliphate\|Umayyads]] and the [[Fatimid Caliphate\|Fatimids]]. Members of the Umayyads had ruled the empire as caliphs from 661 to 750. After the Abbasids [[Abbasid Revolution\|overthrew]] and killed most of them, one of the surviving Umayyads, [[Abd al-Rahman I]] (r. 756-788), escaped to the Iberian Peninsula and managed to establish autonomous rule there. Claiming the title of {{Wiki\|emir}} (prince), he never submitted, paid tribute, or sent gifts to Baghdad. One of his successors, {{Wiki\|Abd al-Rahman III}} (r. 912-961) founded a rival caliphate in their dynastic capital of [[Emirate of Córdoba\|Cordoba]]. In the Maghrib, these Andalusi Umayyads vied for control and influence with their Abbasid rivals, courting and competing with the local dynasties that ruled there. Their rivalry extended to art, including luxury objects like the Cordoban [[ivory]] box {{Wiki\|Pyxis of al-Mughira\|shown here}}, made for a prince.

	Foremost amongst these North African dynasties were the Fatimids. Claiming direct descent from Prophet [[Muhammad]] through his daughter {{Wiki\|Fatima}}, they established a powerful kingdom in North Africa and [[Sicily]] in the 10th century. In 909 they were the first to issue a direct challenge to Abbasid authority by establishing a rival caliphate in the new capital they founded, [[Cairo]].		Foremost amongst these North African dynasties were the Fatimids. Claiming direct descent from Prophet [[Muhammad]] through his daughter {{Wiki\|Fatima}}, they established a powerful kingdom in North Africa and [[Sicily]] in the 10th century. In 909 they were the first to issue a direct challenge to Abbasid authority by establishing a rival caliphate in the new capital they founded, [[Cairo]].

← Older revision		Revision as of 02:47, 5 January 2024
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	~~{{Spoilerhd\|05 January 2024\|[[Assassin's Creed: Mirage]]}}~~
	[[File:ACMir Pyxis of al-Mughira.jpg\|thumb\|250px\|{{Wiki\|Pyxis (vessel)\|Pyxis}} (box) of {{Wiki\|al-Mughira}}. Made for the Son of Caliph {{Wiki\|Abd al-Rahman III}} / 10th century, Cordoba, Spain]]		[[File:ACMir Pyxis of al-Mughira.jpg\|thumb\|250px\|{{Wiki\|Pyxis (vessel)\|Pyxis}} (box) of {{Wiki\|al-Mughira}}. Made for the Son of Caliph {{Wiki\|Abd al-Rahman III}} / 10th century, Cordoba, Spain]]
	As [[caliph]]s, the [[Abbasid Caliphate\|Abbasids]] (r. 750-1258) claimed political and religious leadership over every [[Islam\|Muslim]]. But despite their assertions, their effective power varied considerably across time and space. Even at the height of their power in the first half of the ninth century, territories under Muslim rule like [[Andalusia\|al-Andalus]] (Iberian Peninsula) and the [[Maghreb\|Maghrib]] eluded their grasp.		As [[caliph]]s, the [[Abbasid Caliphate\|Abbasids]] (r. 750-1258) claimed political and religious leadership over every [[Islam\|Muslim]]. But despite their assertions, their effective power varied considerably across time and space. Even at the height of their power in the first half of the ninth century, territories under Muslim rule like [[Andalusia\|al-Andalus]] (Iberian Peninsula) and the [[Maghreb\|Maghrib]] eluded their grasp.

← Older revision		Revision as of 07:37, 25 November 2023
Line 1:		Line 1:
	{{Spoilerhd\|05 January 2024\|[[Assassin's Creed: Mirage]]}}		{{Spoilerhd\|05 January 2024\|[[Assassin's Creed: Mirage]]}}
	[[File:ACMir Pyxis of al-Mughira.jpg\|thumb\|250px\|Pyxis (box) of al-Mughira Made for the Son of Caliph Abd al-Rahman III / 10th century, Cordoba, Spain]]		[[File:ACMir Pyxis of al-Mughira.jpg\|thumb\|250px\|{{Wiki\|Pyxis (vessel)\|Pyxis}} (box) of {{Wiki\|al-Mughira}}. Made for the Son of Caliph {{Wiki\|Abd al-Rahman III}} / 10th century, Cordoba, Spain]]
	As [[caliph]]s, the [[Abbasid Caliphate\|Abbasids]] (r. 750-1258) claimed political and religious leadership over every [[Islam\|Muslim]]. But despite their assertions, their effective power varied considerably across time and space. Even at the height of their power in the first half of the ninth century, territories under Muslim rule like [[Andalusia\|al-Andalus]] (Iberian Peninsula) and the [[Maghreb\|Maghrib]] eluded their grasp.		As [[caliph]]s, the [[Abbasid Caliphate\|Abbasids]] (r. 750-1258) claimed political and religious leadership over every [[Islam\|Muslim]]. But despite their assertions, their effective power varied considerably across time and space. Even at the height of their power in the first half of the ninth century, territories under Muslim rule like [[Andalusia\|al-Andalus]] (Iberian Peninsula) and the [[Maghreb\|Maghrib]] eluded their grasp.

	Their main challengers were the [[Umayyad Caliphate\|Umayyads]] and the {{Wiki\|Fatimid Caliphate\|Fatimids}}. Members of the Umayyads had ruled the empire as caliphs from 661 to 750. After the Abbasids [[Abbasid Revolution\|overthrew]] and killed most of them, one of the surviving Umayyads, [[Abd al-Rahman I]] (r. 756-788), escaped to the Iberian Peninsula and managed to establish autonomous rule there. Claiming the title of {{Wiki\|emir}} (prince), he never submitted, paid tribute, or sent gifts to Baghdad. One of his successors, {{Wiki\|Abd al-Rahman III}} (r. 912-961) founded a rival caliphate in their dynastic capital of [[Emirate of Córdoba\|Cordoba]]. In the Maghrib, these Andalusi Umayyads vied for control and influence with their Abbasid rivals, courting and competing with the local dynasties that ruled there. Their rivalry extended to art, including luxury objects like the Cordoban [[ivory]] box shown here, made for a prince.		Their main challengers were the [[Umayyad Caliphate\|Umayyads]] and the {{Wiki\|Fatimid Caliphate\|Fatimids}}. Members of the Umayyads had ruled the empire as caliphs from 661 to 750. After the Abbasids [[Abbasid Revolution\|overthrew]] and killed most of them, one of the surviving Umayyads, [[Abd al-Rahman I]] (r. 756-788), escaped to the Iberian Peninsula and managed to establish autonomous rule there. Claiming the title of {{Wiki\|emir}} (prince), he never submitted, paid tribute, or sent gifts to Baghdad. One of his successors, {{Wiki\|Abd al-Rahman III}} (r. 912-961) founded a rival caliphate in their dynastic capital of [[Emirate of Córdoba\|Cordoba]]. In the Maghrib, these Andalusi Umayyads vied for control and influence with their Abbasid rivals, courting and competing with the local dynasties that ruled there. Their rivalry extended to art, including luxury objects like the Cordoban [[ivory]] box {{Wiki\|Pyxis of al-Mughira\|shown here}}, made for a prince.

	Foremost amongst these North African dynasties were the Fatimids. Claiming direct descent from Prophet [[Muhammad]] through his daughter {{Wiki\|Fatima}}, they established a powerful kingdom in North Africa and [[Sicily]] in the 10th century. In 909 they were the first to issue a direct challenge to Abbasid authority by establishing a rival caliphate in the new capital they founded, [[Cairo]].		Foremost amongst these North African dynasties were the Fatimids. Claiming direct descent from Prophet [[Muhammad]] through his daughter {{Wiki\|Fatima}}, they established a powerful kingdom in North Africa and [[Sicily]] in the 10th century. In 909 they were the first to issue a direct challenge to Abbasid authority by establishing a rival caliphate in the new capital they founded, [[Cairo]].

← Older revision		Revision as of 20:51, 10 October 2023
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	As [[caliph]]s, the [[Abbasid Caliphate\|Abbasids]] (r. 750-1258) claimed political and religious leadership over every [[Islam\|Muslim]]. But despite their assertions, their effective power varied considerably across time and space. Even at the height of their power in the first half of the ninth century, territories under Muslim rule like [[Andalusia\|al-Andalus]] (Iberian Peninsula) and the {{Wiki\|Maghreb\|Maghrib}} eluded their grasp.		As [[caliph]]s, the [[Abbasid Caliphate\|Abbasids]] (r. 750-1258) claimed political and religious leadership over every [[Islam\|Muslim]]. But despite their assertions, their effective power varied considerably across time and space. Even at the height of their power in the first half of the ninth century, territories under Muslim rule like [[Andalusia\|al-Andalus]] (Iberian Peninsula) and the {{Wiki\|Maghreb\|Maghrib}} eluded their grasp.

	Their main challengers were the [[Umayyad Caliphate\|Umayyads]] and the {{Wiki\|Fatimid Caliphate\|Fatimids}}. Members of the Umayyads had ruled the empire as caliphs from 661 to 750. After the Abbasids [[Abbasid Revolution\|overthrew]] and killed most of them, one of the surviving Umayyads, [[Abd al-Rahman I~~\|Abd al-Rahman~~]] I (r. 756-788), escaped to the Iberian Peninsula and managed to establish autonomous rule there. Claiming the title of {{Wiki\|emir}} (prince), he never submitted, paid tribute, or sent gifts to Baghdad. One of his successors, {{Wiki\|Abd al-Rahman III}} (r. 912-961) founded a rival caliphate in their dynastic capital of [[Emirate of Córdoba\|Cordoba]]. In the Maghrib, these Andalusi Umayyads vied for control and influence with their Abbasid rivals, courting and competing with the local dynasties that ruled there. Their rivalry extended to art, including luxury objects like the Cordoban [[ivory]] box shown here, made for a prince.		Their main challengers were the [[Umayyad Caliphate\|Umayyads]] and the {{Wiki\|Fatimid Caliphate\|Fatimids}}. Members of the Umayyads had ruled the empire as caliphs from 661 to 750. After the Abbasids [[Abbasid Revolution\|overthrew]] and killed most of them, one of the surviving Umayyads, [[Abd al-Rahman I]] (r. 756-788), escaped to the Iberian Peninsula and managed to establish autonomous rule there. Claiming the title of {{Wiki\|emir}} (prince), he never submitted, paid tribute, or sent gifts to Baghdad. One of his successors, {{Wiki\|Abd al-Rahman III}} (r. 912-961) founded a rival caliphate in their dynastic capital of [[Emirate of Córdoba\|Cordoba]]. In the Maghrib, these Andalusi Umayyads vied for control and influence with their Abbasid rivals, courting and competing with the local dynasties that ruled there. Their rivalry extended to art, including luxury objects like the Cordoban [[ivory]] box shown here, made for a prince.

	Foremost amongst these North African dynasties were the Fatimids. Claiming direct descent from Prophet [[Muhammad]] through his daughter {{Wiki\|Fatima}}, they established a powerful kingdom in North Africa and [[Sicily]] in the 10th century. In 909 they were the first to issue a direct challenge to Abbasid authority by establishing a rival caliphate in the new capital they founded, [[Cairo]].		Foremost amongst these North African dynasties were the Fatimids. Claiming direct descent from Prophet [[Muhammad]] through his daughter {{Wiki\|Fatima}}, they established a powerful kingdom in North Africa and [[Sicily]] in the 10th century. In 909 they were the first to issue a direct challenge to Abbasid authority by establishing a rival caliphate in the new capital they founded, [[Cairo]].