Editing Greece

{{Era|Locations}}{{WP-REAL}}
{{Update|''[[Assassin's Creed: Escape Room Puzzle Book]]'' and ''[[Assassin's Creed: Valhalla]]''}}
{{Country Infobox
|title1 = Hellenic Republic
|image1 = Grand Temple of Apollo.jpg
|ethnic_groups = {{wiki|Greeks|Hellenes}}
|languages = {{wiki|Greek language|Greek}}
|religion = [[Greek mythology|Ancient Greek religion]]<br>[[Christianity]]
|demonym = Greek
|current_state = {{wiki|Hellenic Republic}} {{wiki|Third Hellenic Republic|(Third)}}
|capital = [[Athens]]
|assassin_branch = [[Greek Brotherhood of Assassins|Greek Brotherhood]]<br>[[Ottoman Brotherhood of Assassins|Ottoman Brotherhood]]<ref name="Mediterranean Defense">''[[Assassin's Creed: Revelations]]'' – [[Mediterranean Defense]]</ref>
|templar_branch = [[Greek Rite of the Templar Order|Greek Rite]]<br>[[Byzantine Rite of the Templar Order|Byzantine Rite]] (dissolved)
|past_states = [[Makedonia]] {{c|808 BCE–168 BCE}}
*[[Macedonian Empire]] {{c|336 BCE–323 BCE}}<br>[[Byzantine Empire]] {{c|395–1453}}<br>{{wiki|First Hellenic Republic}} {{c|1822–1832}}<br>{{wiki|Kingdom of Greece}} {{c|1832–1924, 1935–1973}}<br>{{wiki|Second Hellenic Republic}} {{c|1924–1935}}
|historical_capitals = {{wiki|Pella}}<br>[[Constantinople]]
|major_conflicts = [[Peloponnesian War]]<br>[[Greco-Persian Wars]]<br>[[Fall of Constantinople]]
|region = [[Europe|Southern Europe]]
*{{wiki|Balkans}}
|features = [[Mount Olympos]]
|major_cities = [[Argos]]<br>[[Korinth]]<br>[[Sparta]]<br>[[Thebes, Greece|Thebes]]<br>[[Mycenae]]
|major_landmarks = [[Akropolis Sanctuary|Acropolis of Athens]]<br>[[Parthenon]]<br>[[Temple of Zeus (Olympia)|Temple of Zeus]]
|isu_vault(s) = [[Gateway to the Lost City]]<br>[[Petrified Temple]]<br>[[Labyrinth of Lost Souls]]
}}
'''Greece''', officially the '''Hellenic Republic''' and historically known as '''Hellas''',<ref name="Packing for Greece">''[[Assassin's Creed: Odyssey]]'' – [[Layla Hassan's personal files]]: "Packing for Greece: Greece"</ref> or the '''Greek World''',<ref name="ACOD">''Assassin's Creed: Odyssey''</ref> is a civilization and country located in Southeastern [[Europe]] and is popularly regarded as the cradle of {{wiki|Western culture|Western civilization}}.

Jutting out into the [[Mediterranean Sea]], Greece is a largely mountainous region consisting of several peninsula and numerous small island archipelagos in the adjacent [[Aegean Sea]].

Throughout the second and first millennia BCE, Greece was divided into a myriad of city-states, or ''[[polis|poleis]]'', which vied for regional hegemony beginning with the [[Mycenae|Mycenaean civilization]]. Shortly after the sacking of [[Troy]] during the [[Trojan War]]–immortalized in the ''[[Iliad]]''–the Mycenaean civilization collapsed.

These ''poleis'' would not rise to prominence again until the 5th century BCE when two, in particular, [[Athens]] and [[Sparta]], became leading powers of Greece in the aftermath of the [[Greco-Persian Wars]]. Left without a common enemy, their rivalry culminated in the [[Peloponnesian War]] in 431 BCE, lasting until Athens' defeat in 404 BCE.

During this time, Athens often cited as the birthplace of [[democracy]], witnessed an explosion of intellectual and cultural arts that developed the foundations for modern Western medicine, philosophy, historiography, political science, sports, and literature. The ''poleis'' were finally united for the first time in 336 BCE following their conquest by [[Alexander the Great|Alexander III]] of [[Makedonia]], who carved out a short-lived empire across the [[Middle East|Western Asia]], spreading Hellenic culture from the [[Roman Republic]], to [[Egypt]], all the way to the borders of [[India]].

Owing to its historical significance, Athens is the capital and largest city of the {{wiki|Greece|Hellenic Republic}}, the current regime of Greece as a sovereign state. 

==History==
===Isu era===
During the [[Isu Era]], the [[Isu|First Civilization]] built many [[Temple (Isu)|complex]] in the region that would become Greece. One of their major sites was the city of [[Atlantis]], under the island of [[Thera]], which was purported to house the sum total of their knowledge. With the [[Atlantis artifacts]], the Isu [[Olympos Project|transformed]] [[Human]]s into hybrid beasts–the [[Cyclopes]], [[Sphinx]], [[Writhing Dread]], and [[Minotaur]]–and locked them in vaults across the region. An [[Ancient Forge]] was also built on [[Andros]], producing [[Piece of Eden|weapons]] such as the [[Spear of Leonidas]] and the [[Sword of Damokles]].<ref name="ACOD"/>

===Mythological era===
During this period, the Isu were seen by humans as gods, like [[Jupiter|Zeus]], [[Minerva|Athena]] or [[Juno|Hera]], forming the [[Twelve Gods]]. Many myths were related to them, as the creation of the World or the fate of humanity. Different cities worshipped the gods, building temples and shrine for them. Under the [[Sanctuary of Delphi]], the Oracle of Apollo known as [[Pythia]] used an [[Pyramid (Isu)|artifact]] from the Isu to see [[Calculations|possible futures]] and told individuals from all the Greeks world their destiny.<ref name="ACOD"/>

Many civilizations appeared in Greece, as the Minoan in [[Krete|Crete]] and the Mycenaean in continental Greece.<ref name="ACOD"/>

Many descendants from the Isu and humans used Pieces of Eden to accomplish great feats and were worshipped as demigods and heroes. [[Perseus]] found a [[Perseus' Sword of Eden|Sword of Eden]] and killed a [[Writhing Dread]]. The king of [[Athens]] [[Theseus]] killed a [[Minotaur]] in the [[Labyrinth of Lost Souls]]. [[Oedipous|Oedipus]] outsmarted a [[Sphinx]] in a riddles challenge. [[Jason]] and his [[Argonauts]] found a [[Shroud of Eden 1|Shroud of Eden]]. The hero [[Herakles]] performed [[Labours of Hercules|Twelve Labours]] defeating mythical creatures and recovering [[Apples of Eden]].<ref name="ACOD"/><ref>''[[Assassin's Creed II]]'' – [[Glyphs]]</ref>

During the 12th century BCE, the Isu [[Eris]] sent an Apple of Eden which provoked the kidnapping of [[Helen of Troy]] by [[Paris (mythology)|Paris]] and the beginning of the [[Trojan War]], lasting ten years. Many kings and heroes such as [[Agamemnon]], [[Ajax]], [[Menelaus]], [[Achilles]], and [[Odysseus]] participated in the war, resulting in the destruction of [[Troy]].<ref name="ACOD"/><ref name="AC">''[[Assassin's Creed]]''</ref> After the war, Odysseus returned to his kingdom of [[Ithaka]] after a long journey of ten years during which he defeated Cyclops, [[Siren (mythology)|Sirens]], and the Wrath of [[Poseidon]].<ref name="ACOD"/>

===Archaic period===
In the late 8th century BCE, the Greeks began an expansion, settling colonies in the surrounding areas such as [[Anatolia]] and southern [[Italy]]. The coastal areas of southern Italy came to be known as [[Magna Graecia]], and spawned numerous notable ''poleis'' such as [[Croton]], [[Sybaris]], [[Syracuse]].<ref name="ACOD"/>

During the sixth century BCE, the famous scholar [[Pythagoras]] and his disciple [[Kyros of Zarax]] lived in [[Samos]], a small island in Greece, where Pythagoras became a well respected man by discovering the {{Wiki|Tetractys}}.<ref name="ACPL">''[[Assassin's Creed: Project Legacy]]'' – [[Divine Science: Chapter 2 – Kyros of Zarax]]</ref>

A few years later, they moved to [[Croton]], [[Italy]], where Pythagoras founded his own academy to teach young scholars everything he knew. However, tension in Croton began to rise and Pythagoras and Kyros were forced to flee back to Greece after a few years.<ref name="ACPL"/>

Many years later, they travelled through a Greek desert to find [[Hermes Trismegistus]]. They eventually located him and he awarded Pythagoras with his staff, beginning the [[Hermeticists|Hermeticist]] traditions.<ref name="ACPL"/>

Kyros then decided to travel to [[Arkadia]], hoping to challenge its princess, [[Atalanta]], to a race and be allowed to marry her. Before travelling to Arcadia, however, Kyros first ventured to the abandoned temple of [[Aphrodite]], where he found an [[Apples of Eden|Apple of Eden]]. With the help of the ancient artifact, he was able to defeat Atalanta, earning her hand in marriage.<ref name="ACPL"/>

After the formation of the Hermeticists, some of them preferred to worship chaos over the traditional view of the cult of balance between order and chaos. This members formed their own group, the [[Cult of Kosmos]]. They tried to take control of Greece by ensuring chaos through wars in the country. They used the Pyramid under the Sanctuary of Delphi to plan their schemes and used the Pythia as their puppet.<ref name="ACOD"/>

===Classical period===
In the early 5th century BCE, the [[Achaemenid Empire]] supported by the [[Order of the Ancients]], having conquered Anatolia, made various attempts to [[Greco-Persian Wars|invade]] and conquer the Greek world. In 492 BCE [[Darius I of Persia]] led a first invasion in Greece after the Ionian revolt. In response, numerous ''poleis'' including Athens and Sparta rallied the Greek states in a coalition against the Persian invasion, ending it with the [[Battle of Marathon]] in 490 BCE where the Athenian troops defeated the Persians.<ref name="ACOD"/>

In 480 BCE, Darius' son [[Xerxes I of Persia|Xerxes]] led a second invasion on Greece. The Cult of Kosmos tried to convinced the Greek world through the [[Pythia (480 BCE)|Pythia]] to surrender to Xerxes. The King [[Leonidas I of Sparta]], an Isu's descendant, refused to obey to the Cult and led an army against the Persians during the [[Battle of Thermopylae]]. However every Spartans were killed with their King and Athens was burnt by the Persians, the Athenians won a naval victory during the [[Battle of Salamis]] with [[Themistokles]].<ref name="ACOD"/>

In 478 BCE, the [[Delian League]] was formed by Athens to defend the island nations of the Aegean against the Achaemenid Empire. After the end of Greco-Persian Wars, a rivalry rose between Delian League and the [[Peloponnesian League]] led by Sparta.<ref name="ACOD"/>

Around 453 BCE, Pythagoras, who desired to extend the Isu lineage and also destroy the Cult of Kosmos, conceived a child with [[Myrrine]], the daughter of Leonidas of Sparta. The child was known as [[Kassandra]] and trained to become a warrior. In 446 BCE, Myrrine had another child, [[Alexios]]. The Cult of Kosmos decided to exterminate Leonidas' lineage and ordered that the two child were thrown from the [[Mount Taygetos]]. Kassandra survived and flew to [[Kephallonia]]. Myrrine went with Alexios in the [[Sanctuary of Asklepios]] in [[Argolis]] to be nursed. The Cult faked the death of the child to raise him as their weapon only known as Deimos.<ref name="ACOD"/>

In early 431 BCE, war broke out between the Peloponnesian League and the Delian League. This conflict was known as the [[Peloponnesian War]]. The Cult of Kosmos led by [[Aspasia]], the wife of the Athenian ruler [[Perikles]], decided to control the two sides of the war. The branch of the [[Delian League (Cult of Kosmos)|Delian League]] was led by the General [[Kleon]] and the branch of the [[Peloponnesian League (Cult of Kosmos)|Peloponnesian League]] by the King [[Pausanias of Sparta]]. The Cult also had controlled on the seas with the [[Gods of the Aegean Sea]], on the battlefields with the [[Heroes of the Cult]]. With the [[Eyes of Kosmos]], the Cult had all the information they needed and [[The Silver Vein]] collected the funds for the organization. The [[Worshippers of the Bloodline]] manipulated the religion and the [[Followers of Ares]] to spread fear in Greece. Over time, the members of the Cult became corrupted and searched power for themselves and losing the control of the war. Deimos took the leadership of the Cult even if it was the cultists who manipulated him.<ref name="ACOD"/>

Kassandra, who became ''[[Mercenary|misthios]]'' took part in the Peloponnesian War as a mercenary. The Cult of Kosmos manipulated her to killed her foster father [[Nikolaos]], but she discovered the truth about the Cult and her family. Allying with [[Herodotos]] and Perikles, Kassandra decided to track down every members of the Cult and to reunite her family.<ref name="ACOD"/>

In 429 BCE, Athens was stricken by the [[Plague of Athens|plague]]. As the city was in chaos, Deimos killed Perikles which permitted to Kleon to become the new ruler of Athenian Democracy. After the death of her husband, Aspasia decided to help Kassandra to kill the corrupt members of the Cult. After Kassandra met her mother, Aspasia gave an hint that one of the cultist was a king of Sparta. With the help of Myrrine and the Spartan general [[Brasidas]], Kassandra tracked down the branch of the Peloponnesian League which permitted the arrest of the king Pausanias in 426 BCE, freeing Sparta from the Cult influence.<ref name="ACOD"/>

In 425 BCE, the Athenian army led by [[Demosthenes]] fought the Spartan army led by Brasidas during the [[Battle of Pylos]]. Kassandra, who sided with Sparta, duelled Deimos who fought for Athens. The Athenians won and Kassandra was captured to be executed in Athens. She escaped from her prison and with the [[Periklean Circle]], she diminished the popularity of Kleon. In 422 BCE, the ruler of Athens was forced to go to [[Makedonia]] to fight the troops of Brasidas. During the [[Battle of Amphipolis]], Deimos killed Brasidas while Kassandra killed Kleon. Later, as Deimos lost the will to live, he forced Kassandra to kill him after he treated to kill their mother.<ref name="ACOD"/>

After killed every members of the Cult of Kosmos, Kassandra confronted Aspasia in the Cult hideout. The Ghost of the Cult decided to form a Republic to change the Greek world while Kassandra destroyed the Pyramid to prevent anyone to use it, freeing Greece from the Cult influence.<ref name="ACOD"/>

===Hellenistic period===
Alexander the Great, who ruled an Empire spanning from Greece to [[Egypt]] and [[India]], used a [[Alexander's Staff of Eden|Staff of Eden]] given to him by the Order of the Ancients.<ref name="Encyclopedia">''[[Assassin's Creed Encyclopedia]]''</ref>

===Roman era===
During the 2nd century, Greece became a part of the [[Roman Republic]]. During the [[Julius Caesar|Caesar]] Civil War, the consul [[Pompey]] took refuge in Greece where he received the support of [[Amunet|Aya]] and [[Phoxidas]] sent by [[Cleopatra|Cleopatra VII]] of [[Egypt]].<ref name="ACO">''[[Assassin's Creed: Origins]]''</ref> In 42 BCE, the [[Hidden Ones]] [[Marcus Junius Brutus]] and [[Gaius Cassius Longinus]] hid in Greece after the [[Assassination of Julius Caesar]]. They committed suicide as the [[Roman Army]] led by [[Marcus Antonius]] defeated their troops at [[Philippi]].<ref name="ACPL gHOST">''[[Assassin's Creed: Project Legacy]]'' – [[Holidays: Chapter 1 - Ghosts of Christmas Past]]</ref> In 31 BCE, the troops of [[Augustus|Octavianius]] defeated the Army of Antonius and Cleopatra at Actium.<ref name="ACOC">''[[Assassin's Creed: Origins (comic)]]''</ref>

Later, Greece became a part of the [[Roman Empire]] and in 330 CE the emperor [[Constantine I]] founded the city of [[Constantinople]] which became the capital of the [[Byzantine Empire|Eastern Roman Empire]]. After the fall of the Western Roman Empire, Greece became the last remains of the Roman Empire.<ref name="ACR">''[[Assassin's Creed: Revelations]]''</ref>

===Ottoman Empire===
During the 15th century, Greece was conquered by the [[Ottoman Empire]]. In 1510, the [[Mentor]] of the [[Italian Brotherhood of Assassins]] [[Ezio Auditore da Firenze]] explored Greece during his journey to [[Masyaf]].<ref name="RVN">''[[Assassin's Creed: Revelations (novel)]]''</ref> While Greece was under Ottoman rule during the [[Renaissance]], the [[Byzantine Rite of the Templar Order|Byzantine Templars]] controlled Athens. They were rooted out by the [[Ottoman Brotherhood of Assassins|Ottoman Assassins]], sent by Ezio, who established [[Assassin Dens]] in the city, liberating its residents by Templar influence and recovered [[Isu]] technology that was discovered beneath the [[Akropolis Sanctuary|Acropolis]].<ref name="Mediterranean Defense"/>

Around this time, the [[Knights Hospitalier]] controlled the island of [[Rhodes]]. After they executed the [[Master Assassin]] [[Castor]] of the [[Greek Brotherhood of Assassins]], Ezio sent the Assassins to burn a Hospitalier compound in revenge.<ref name="Mediterranean Defense"/>

During the 1510s, the Assassins stored an Apple of Eden in one of their hideout in the country, which according to [[Giovanni Borgia]] was their most remote European spot. However, in 1516, one of their own, [[Hiram Stoddard]], assaulted the location in order to recover the artifact, but was prevented to do so by Borgia.<ref name="ACA">''[[Assassin's Creed (Titan Comics)|Assassin's Creed]]'' #12</ref>

===Modern times===
In 1821, Greece revolted against the Ottoman Empire and fought an eight-year {{Wiki|Greek War of Independence|war}} which resulted in the country gaining its independence in 1830.<ref name="Packing for Greece" />

In 1981, Greece joined the {{Wiki|European Communities}}, which was later incorporated into the [[Europe|European Union]].<ref name="Packing for Greece" />

In 2018, an Assassin cell led by [[Layla Hassan]] travelled to the Greek island of Santorini in search of the Isu city Atlantis connected to the vault under the island. There, Layla was given the Staff of Hermes Trismegistus by Kassandra, whose possession of the Staff granted her immortality.<ref name="ACOD"/>

==Trivia==
*Greek buildings and clothing in ''Project Legacy'' are inaccurately depicted as white, when in reality, the Greeks favored a myriad of bright colors.

==Gallery==
<gallery widths="180" captionalign="center" position="center">
PL-Presto.png|Greek scholars gathered at Pythagoras's villa in Samos
ACOD Greece Map.png|Map of Greece during the [[Peloponnesian War]]
ACOD Akropolis Sanctuary.jpg|The [[Akropolis Sanctuary]].
ACOD DT Athenian Man render.png|A Greek man
ACOD DT Athenian Woman render.png|A Greek woman
ACOD DT Young Boy render.png|A Greek boy
ACOD DT Young Girl render.png|A Greek girl
</gallery>

==Appearances==
*''[[Assassin's Creed: Project Legacy]]'' {{1st}}
*''[[Assassin's Creed: Revelations]]'' 
*[[Assassin's Creed: Revelations (novel)|''Assassin's Creed: Revelations'' novel]]
*''[[Assassin's Creed (Titan Comics)|Assassin's Creed]]'' {{Mo}}
*''[[Assassin's Creed: Origins]]'' {{Mo}}
*''[[Assassin's Creed: Odyssey]]''
*[[Assassin's Creed: Odyssey (novel)|''Assassin's Creed: Odyssey'' novel]]
*''[[Assassin's Creed: Rebellion]]''
**''[[Spears for Hire]]''
**''[[For Democracy!]]''
**''[[The Hunter's Hounds]]''
**''[[Echoes Through the Animus]]''
*''[[Assassin's Creed: Valhalla]]'' {{Mdat}}
*''[[Assassin's Creed: Escape Room Puzzle Book]]''
*''[[Assassin's Creed: Mirage]]'' {{Mo}}
*''[[Assassin's Creed: Nexus VR]]''

==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{ACPL}}
{{ACOD}}
{{ACERPB}}
[[fr:Grèce]]
[[zh:希腊]]
[[Category:Civilizations]]
[[Category:Greece]]
[[Category:Mediterranean]]
[[Category:Countries in Europe]]